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<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><title>tmpfiles.d</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.78.1"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><style>
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</style><a href="index.html">Index </a>·
<a href="systemd.directives.html">Directives </a>·
<a href="../python-systemd/index.html">Python </a>·
<a href="../libudev/index.html">libudev </a>·
<a href="../libudev/index.html">gudev </a><span style="float:right">systemd 208</span><hr><div class="refentry"><a name="tmpfiles.d"></a><div class="titlepage"></div><div class="refnamediv"><h2>Name</h2><p>tmpfiles.d — Configuration for creation, deletion and
cleaning of volatile and temporary files</p></div><div class="refsynopsisdiv"><h2>Synopsis</h2><p><code class="filename">/etc/tmpfiles.d/*.conf</code></p><p><code class="filename">/run/tmpfiles.d/*.conf</code></p><p><code class="filename">/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/*.conf</code></p></div><div class="refsect1"><a name="idm274693628464"></a><h2 id="Description">Description<a class="headerlink" title="Permalink to this headline" href="#Description"></a></h2><p><span class="command"><strong>systemd-tmpfiles</strong></span> uses the
configuration files from the above directories to describe the
creation, cleaning and removal of volatile and
temporary files and directories which usually reside
in directories such as <code class="filename">/run</code>
or <code class="filename">/tmp</code>.</p></div><div class="refsect1"><a name="idm274693625040"></a><h2 id="Configuration Format">Configuration Format<a class="headerlink" title="Permalink to this headline" href="#Configuration%20Format"></a></h2><p>Each configuration file shall be named in the
style of <code class="filename">&lt;package&gt;.conf</code>.
Files in <code class="filename">/etc/</code> override files
with the same name in <code class="filename">/usr/lib/</code>
and <code class="filename">/run/</code>. Files in
<code class="filename">/run/</code> override files with the same
name in <code class="filename">/usr/lib/</code>. Packages
should install their configuration files in
<code class="filename">/usr/lib/</code>. Files in
<code class="filename">/etc/</code> are reserved for the local
administrator, who may use this logic to override the
configuration files installed by vendor packages. All
configuration files are sorted by their filename in
lexicographic order, regardless in which of the
directories they reside. If multiple files specify the
same path, the entry in the file with the lexicographically
earliest name will be applied, all all other conflicting
entries logged as errors.</p><p>If the administrator wants to disable a
configuration file supplied by the vendor, the
recommended way is to place a symlink to
<code class="filename">/dev/null</code> in
<code class="filename">/etc/tmpfiles.d/</code> bearing the
same filename.</p><p>The configuration format is one line per path
containing action, path, mode, ownership, age and argument
fields:</p><pre class="programlisting">Type Path Mode UID GID Age Argument
d /run/user 0755 root root 10d -
L /tmp/foobar - - - - /dev/null</pre><div class="refsect2"><a name="idm274697518128"></a><h3 id="Type">Type<a class="headerlink" title="Permalink to this headline" href="#Type"></a></h3><p>The following line types are understood:</p><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt id="f"><span class="term"><code class="varname">f</code></span><a class="headerlink" title="Permalink to this term" href="#f"></a></dt><dd><p>Create a file if it does not exist yet (optionally writing a short string into it, if the argument parameter is passed)</p></dd><dt id="F"><span class="term"><code class="varname">F</code></span><a class="headerlink" title="Permalink to this term" href="#F"></a></dt><dd><p>Create or truncate a file (optionally writing a short string into it, if the argument parameter is passed)</p></dd><dt id="w"><span class="term"><code class="varname">w</code></span><a class="headerlink" title="Permalink to this term" href="#w"></a></dt><dd><p>Write the argument parameter to a file, if the file exists.
Lines of this type accept shell-style globs in place of normal path
names. The argument parameter will be written without a trailing
newline. C-style backslash escapes are interpreted.</p></dd><dt id="d"><span class="term"><code class="varname">d</code></span><a class="headerlink" title="Permalink to this term" href="#d"></a></dt><dd><p>Create a directory if it does not exist yet</p></dd><dt id="D"><span class="term"><code class="varname">D</code></span><a class="headerlink" title="Permalink to this term" href="#D"></a></dt><dd><p>Create or empty a directory</p></dd><dt id="p"><span class="term"><code class="varname">p</code></span><a class="headerlink" title="Permalink to this term" href="#p"></a></dt><dd><p>Create a named pipe (FIFO) if it does not exist yet</p></dd><dt id="L"><span class="term"><code class="varname">L</code></span><a class="headerlink" title="Permalink to this term" href="#L"></a></dt><dd><p>Create a symlink if it does not exist yet</p></dd><dt id="c"><span class="term"><code class="varname">c</code></span><a class="headerlink" title="Permalink to this term" href="#c"></a></dt><dd><p>Create a character device node if it does not exist yet</p></dd><dt id="b"><span class="term"><code class="varname">b</code></span><a class="headerlink" title="Permalink to this term" href="#b"></a></dt><dd><p>Create a block device node if it does not exist yet</p></dd><dt id="m"><span class="term"><code class="varname">m</code></span><a class="headerlink" title="Permalink to this term" href="#m"></a></dt><dd><p>If the
specified file path exists
adjust its access mode, group
and user to the specified
values and reset the SELinux
label. If it doesn't exist do
nothing.</p></dd><dt id="x"><span class="term"><code class="varname">x</code></span><a class="headerlink" title="Permalink to this term" href="#x"></a></dt><dd><p>Ignore a path
during cleaning. Use this type
to exclude paths from clean-up
as controlled with the Age
parameter. Note that lines of
this type do not influence the
effect of r or R lines. Lines
of this type accept
shell-style globs in place of
normal path
names.</p></dd><dt id="X"><span class="term"><code class="varname">X</code></span><a class="headerlink" title="Permalink to this term" href="#X"></a></dt><dd><p>Ignore a path
during cleanup. Use this type
to prevent path removal as
controlled with the Age parameter.
Note that if path is a directory,
content of a directory is not
excluded from clean-up, only
directory itself. Lines of this
type accept shell-style globs
in place of normal path
names.</p></dd><dt id="r"><span class="term"><code class="varname">r</code></span><a class="headerlink" title="Permalink to this term" href="#r"></a></dt><dd><p>Remove a file
or directory if it
exists. This may not be used
to remove non-empty
directories, use R for
that. Lines of this type
accept shell-style globs in
place of normal path
names.</p></dd><dt id="R"><span class="term"><code class="varname">R</code></span><a class="headerlink" title="Permalink to this term" href="#R"></a></dt><dd><p>Recursively
remove a path and all its
subdirectories (if it is a
directory). Lines of this type
accept shell-style globs in
place of normal path
names.</p></dd><dt id="z"><span class="term"><code class="varname">z</code></span><a class="headerlink" title="Permalink to this term" href="#z"></a></dt><dd><p>Restore
SELinux security context label
and set ownership and access
mode of a file or directory if
it exists. Lines of this type
accept shell-style globs in
place of normal path names.
</p></dd><dt id="Z"><span class="term"><code class="varname">Z</code></span><a class="headerlink" title="Permalink to this term" href="#Z"></a></dt><dd><p>Recursively
restore SELinux security
context label and set
ownership and access mode of a
path and all its
subdirectories (if it is a
directory). Lines of this type
accept shell-style globs in
place of normal path
names.</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect2"><a name="idm274697481904"></a><h3 id="Path">Path<a class="headerlink" title="Permalink to this headline" href="#Path"></a></h3><p>The file system path specification supports simple specifier
expansion. The following expansions are
understood:</p><div class="table"><a name="idm274697480704"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 1. Specifiers available</b></p><div class="table-contents"><table summary="Specifiers available" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left" class="spec"><col align="left" class="mean"><col align="left" class="detail"></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="left">Specifier</th><th align="left">Meaning</th><th align="left">Details</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left">"<code class="literal">%m</code>"</td><td align="left">Machine ID</td><td align="left">The machine ID of the running system, formatted as string. See <a href="machine-id.html"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">machine-id</span>(5)</span></a> for more information.</td></tr><tr><td align="left">"<code class="literal">%b</code>"</td><td align="left">Boot ID</td><td align="left">The boot ID of the running system, formatted as string. See <a href="random.html"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">random</span>(4)</span></a> for more information.</td></tr><tr><td align="left">"<code class="literal">%H</code>"</td><td align="left">Host name</td><td align="left">The hostname of the running system.</td></tr><tr><td align="left">"<code class="literal">%v</code>"</td><td align="left">Kernel release</td><td align="left">Identical to <span class="command"><strong>uname -r</strong></span> output.</td></tr><tr><td align="left">"<code class="literal">%%</code>"</td><td align="left">Escaped %</td><td align="left">Single percent sign.</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><br class="table-break"></div><div class="refsect2"><a name="idm274692544320"></a><h3 id="Mode">Mode<a class="headerlink" title="Permalink to this headline" href="#Mode"></a></h3><p>The file access mode to use when
creating this file or directory. If omitted or
when set to -, the default is used: 0755 for
directories, 0644 for all other file
objects. For z, Z lines, if omitted or when set
to -, the file access mode will not be
modified. This parameter is ignored for x, r,
R, L lines.</p></div><div class="refsect2"><a name="idm274692542672"></a><h3 id="UID, GID">UID, GID<a class="headerlink" title="Permalink to this headline" href="#UID,%20GID"></a></h3><p>The user and group to use for this file
or directory. This may either be a numeric
user/group ID or a user or group name. If
omitted or when set to -, the default 0 (root)
is used. For z, Z lines, when omitted or when set to -,
the file ownership will not be modified.
These parameters are ignored for x, r, R, L lines.</p></div><div class="refsect2"><a name="idm274692541040"></a><h3 id="Age">Age<a class="headerlink" title="Permalink to this headline" href="#Age"></a></h3><p>The date field, when set, is used to
decide what files to delete when cleaning. If
a file or directory is older than the current
time minus the age field, it is deleted. The
field format is a series of integers each
followed by one of the following
postfixes for the respective time units:</p><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt id="s"><span class="term"><code class="varname">s</code>, </span><span class="term"><code class="varname">min</code>, </span><span class="term"><code class="varname">h</code>, </span><span class="term"><code class="varname">d</code>, </span><span class="term"><code class="varname">w</code>, </span><span class="term"><code class="varname">ms</code>, </span><span class="term"><code class="varname">m</code>, </span><span class="term"><code class="varname">us</code></span><a class="headerlink" title="Permalink to this term" href="#s"></a></dt><dd></dd></dl></div><p>If multiple integers and units are specified, the time
values are summed up. If an integer is given without a unit,
s is assumed.
</p><p>When the age is set to zero, the files are cleaned
unconditionally.</p><p>The age field only applies to lines starting with
d, D and x. If omitted or set to -, no automatic clean-up
is done.</p><p>If the age field starts with a tilde
character (~), the clean-up is only applied to
files and directories one level inside the
directory specified, but not the files and
directories immediately inside it.</p></div><div class="refsect2"><a name="idm274692532336"></a><h3 id="Argument">Argument<a class="headerlink" title="Permalink to this headline" href="#Argument"></a></h3><p>For L lines determines the destination
path of the symlink. For c, b determines the
major/minor of the device node, with major and
minor formatted as integers, separated by :,
e.g. "1:3". For f, F, w may be used to specify
a short string that is written to the file,
suffixed by a newline. Ignored for all other
lines.</p></div></div><div class="refsect1"><a name="idm274692530560"></a><h2 id="Example">Example<a class="headerlink" title="Permalink to this headline" href="#Example"></a></h2><div class="example"><a name="idm274692529920"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 1. /etc/tmpfiles.d/screen.conf example</b></p><div class="example-contents"><p><span class="command"><strong>screen</strong></span> needs two directories created at boot with specific modes and ownership.</p><pre class="programlisting">d /var/run/screens 1777 root root 10d
d /var/run/uscreens 0755 root root 10d12h</pre></div></div><br class="example-break"><div class="example"><a name="idm274692527552"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 2. /etc/tmpfiles.d/abrt.conf example</b></p><div class="example-contents"><p><span class="command"><strong>abrt</strong></span> needs a directory created at boot with specific mode and ownership and its content should be preserved.</p><pre class="programlisting">d /var/tmp/abrt 0755 abrt abrt
x /var/tmp/abrt/*</pre></div></div><br class="example-break"></div><div class="refsect1"><a name="idm274692525024"></a><h2 id="See Also">See Also<a class="headerlink" title="Permalink to this headline" href="#See%20Also"></a></h2><p>
<a href="systemd.html"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">systemd</span>(1)</span></a>,
<a href="systemd-tmpfiles.html"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">systemd-tmpfiles</span>(8)</span></a>,
<a href="systemd-delta.html"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">systemd-delta</span>(1)</span></a>
</p></div></div></body></html>
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