JSONSchema: add support for array parameter in api calls, cli and config

a few things were missing for it to work:
* on the cli, we have to get the option as an array if the type is an
  array
* the untainting must be done recursively, otherwise, the regex matching
  converts an array hash into the string 'ARRAY(0x123412341234)'
* JSONSchema::parse_config did not handle array formats specially, but
  we want to allow to specify them multiple time
* the biggest point: in the RESTHandler, to be compatible with the
  current gui behavior, we have to rewrite two parameter types:
  - when the api defines a '-list' format for a string type, but we get
    a list (because of the changes in http-server), we join the list
    with a comma into a string
  - when the api defines an 'array' type, but we get a scalar value,
    wrap the value in an array (because for www-form-urlencoded, you
    cannot send an array with a single value) add tests for this
    behavior, some of which we want to deprecate and remove in the
    future

Signed-off-by: Dominik Csapak <d.csapak@proxmox.com>

src/PVE/JSONSchema.pm

@@ -1709,6 +1709,8 @@ sub get_options {
 	} else {
 	    if ($pd->{format} && $pd->{format} =~ m/-a?list/) {
 		push @getopt, "$prop=s@";
+	    } elsif ($pd->{type} eq 'array') {
+		push @getopt, "$prop=s@";
 	    } else {
 		push @getopt, "$prop=s";
 	    }
@@ -1869,6 +1871,15 @@ sub parse_config : prototype($$$;$) {
 
 		$value = parse_boolean($value) // $value;
 	    }
+	    if (
+		$schema->{properties}->{$key}
+		&& $schema->{properties}->{$key}->{type} eq 'array'
+	    ) {
+
+		$cfg->{$key} //= [];
+		push $cfg->{$key}->@*, $value;
+		next;
+	    }
 	    $cfg->{$key} = $value;
 	} else {
 	    warn "ignore config line: $line\n"

src/PVE/RESTHandler.pm

@@ -426,6 +426,57 @@ sub find_handler {
     return ($handler_class, $method_info);
 }
 
+my sub untaint_recursive : prototype($) {
+    use feature 'current_sub';
+
+    my ($param) = @_;
+
+    my $ref = ref($param);
+    if ($ref eq 'HASH') {
+	$param->{$_} = __SUB__->($param->{$_}) for keys $param->%*;
+    } elsif ($ref eq 'ARRAY') {
+	for (my $i = 0; $i < scalar($param->@*); $i++) {
+	    $param->[$i] = __SUB__->($param->[$i]);
+	}
+    } else {
+	if (defined($param)) {
+	    my ($newval) = $param =~ /^(.*)$/s;
+	    $param = $newval;
+	}
+    }
+
+    return $param;
+};
+
+# convert arrays to strings where we expect a '-list' format and convert scalar
+# values to arrays when we expect an array (because of www-form-urlencoded)
+#
+# only on the top level, since www-form-urlencoded cannot be nested anyway
+#
+# FIXME: change gui/api calls to not rely on this during 8.x, mark the
+# behaviour deprecated with 9.x, and remove it with 10.x
+my $normalize_legacy_param_formats = sub {
+    my ($param, $schema) = @_;
+
+    return $param if !$schema->{properties};
+    return $param if (ref($param) // '') ne 'HASH';
+
+    for my $key (keys $schema->{properties}->%*) {
+	if (my $value = $param->{$key}) {
+	    my $type = $schema->{properties}->{$key}->{type} // '';
+	    my $format = $schema->{properties}->{$key}->{format} // '';
+	    my $ref = ref($value);
+	    if ($ref && $ref eq 'ARRAY' && $type eq 'string' && $format =~ m/-list$/) {
+		$param->{$key} = join(',', $value->@*);
+	    } elsif (!$ref && $type eq 'array') {
+		$param->{$key} = [$value];
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+
+    return $param;
+};
+
 sub handle {
     my ($self, $info, $param, $result_verification) = @_;
 
@@ -437,17 +488,10 @@ sub handle {
 
     if (my $schema = $info->{parameters}) {
 	# warn "validate ". Dumper($param}) . "\n" . Dumper($schema);
+	$param = $normalize_legacy_param_formats->($param, $schema);
 	PVE::JSONSchema::validate($param, $schema);
 	# untaint data (already validated)
-	my $extra = delete $param->{'extra-args'};
-	while (my ($key, $val) = each %$param) {
-	    if (defined($val)) {
-		($param->{$key}) = $val =~ /^(.*)$/s;
-	    } else {
-		$param->{$key} = undef;
-	    }
-	}
-	$param->{'extra-args'} = [map { /^(.*)$/ } @$extra] if $extra;
+	$param = untaint_recursive($param);
     }
 
     my $result = $func->($param); # the actual API code execution call

test/Makefile

@@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
 SUBDIRS = etc_network_interfaces
+TESTS = lock_file.test			\
+	calendar_event_test.test	\
+	convert_size_test.test		\
+	procfs_tests.test		\
+	format_test.test		\
+	section_config_test.test	\
+	api_parameter_test.test		\
 
 all:
 
@@ -6,7 +13,7 @@ all:
 
 export PERLLIB=../src
 
-check: lock_file.test calendar_event_test.test convert_size_test.test procfs_tests.test format_test.test section_config_test.test
+check: $(TESTS)
 	for d in $(SUBDIRS); do $(MAKE) -C $$d check; done
 
 %.test: %.pl

test/api_parameter_test.pl

@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl
+package PVE::TestAPIParameters;
+
+# Tests the automatic conversion of -list and array parameter types
+
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+
+use lib '../src';
+
+use PVE::RESTHandler;
+use PVE::JSONSchema;
+
+use Test::More;
+
+use base qw(PVE::RESTHandler);
+
+my $setup = [
+    {
+	name => 'list-format-with-list',
+	parameter => {
+	    type => 'string',
+	    format => 'pve-configid-list',
+	},
+	value => "foo,bar",
+	'value-expected' => "foo,bar",
+    },
+    {
+	name => 'array-format-with-array',
+	parameter => {
+	    type => 'array',
+	    items => {
+		type => 'string',
+		format => 'pve-configid',
+	    },
+	},
+	value => ['foo', 'bar'],
+	'value-expected' => ['foo', 'bar'],
+    },
+    # TODO: below behaviour should be deprecated with 9.x and fail with 10.x
+    {
+	name => 'list-format-with-alist',
+	parameter => {
+	    type => 'string',
+	    format => 'pve-configid-list',
+	},
+	value => "foo\0bar",
+	'value-expected' => "foo\0bar",
+    },
+    {
+	name => 'array-format-with-non-array',
+	parameter => {
+	    type => 'array',
+	    items => {
+		type => 'string',
+		format => 'pve-configid',
+	    },
+	},
+	value => "foo",
+	'value-expected' => ['foo'],
+    },
+    {
+	name => 'list-format-with-array',
+	parameter => {
+	    type => 'string',
+	    format => 'pve-configid-list',
+	},
+	value => ['foo', 'bar'],
+	'value-expected' => "foo,bar",
+    },
+];
+
+for my $data ($setup->@*) {
+    __PACKAGE__->register_method({
+	name => $data->{name},
+	path => $data->{name},
+	method => 'POST',
+	parameters => {
+	    additionalProperties => 0,
+	    properties => {
+		param => $data->{parameter},
+	    },
+	},
+	returns => { type => 'null' },
+	code => sub {
+	    my ($param) = @_;
+	    return $param->{param};
+	}
+    });
+
+    my ($handler, $info) = __PACKAGE__->find_handler('POST', $data->{name});
+    my $param = {
+	param => $data->{value},
+    };
+
+    my $res = $handler->handle($info, $param);
+    is_deeply($res, $data->{'value-expected'}, $data->{name});
+}
+
+done_testing();