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/** @file
The header <stdlib.h> declares five types and several functions of general
utility, and defines several macros.
The files stddef.h and stdlib.h are "catch all" headers for definitions and declarations
that don't fit well in the other headers. There are two separate header files because
the contents of <stddef.h> are valid in both freestanding and hosted environment, while the
header <stdlib.h> contains elements that are only valid in a hosted environment.
The following macros are defined in this file:<BR>
@verbatim
EXIT_FAILURE An expression indicating application failure, used as an argument to exit().
EXIT_SUCCESS An expression indicating application success, used as an argument to exit().
RAND_MAX The maximum value returned by the rand function.
MB_CUR_MAX Maximum number of bytes in a multibyte character for the current locale.
ATEXIT_MAX Maximum number of routines that may be registered by the atexit function.
@endverbatim
The following types are defined in this file:<BR>
@verbatim
size_t Unsigned integer type of the result of the sizeof operator.
wchar_t The type of a wide character.
div_t Type of the value returned by the div function.
ldiv_t Type of the value returned by the ldiv function.
lldiv_t Type of the value returned by the lldiv function.
@endverbatim
The following functions are declared in this file:<BR>
@verbatim
################ Communication with the environment
void abort (void) __noreturn;
int atexit (void (*)(void));
void exit (int status) __noreturn;
void _Exit (int status) __noreturn;
char *getenv (const char *name);
int setenv (register const char * name,
register const char * value, int rewrite);
int system (const char *string);
################ Integer arithmetic functions
int abs (int j);
long labs (long j);
long long llabs (long long j);
div_t div (int numer, int denom);
ldiv_t ldiv (long numer, long denom);
lldiv_t lldiv (long long numer, long long denom);
################ Pseudo-random sequence generation functions
int rand (void);
void srand (unsigned seed);
################ Memory management functions
void *calloc (size_t Num, size_t Size);
void free (void *);
void *malloc (size_t);
void *realloc (void *Ptr, size_t NewSize);
################ Searching and Sorting utilities
void *bsearch (const void *key, const void *base0,
size_t nmemb, size_t size,
int (*compar)(const void *, const void *));
void qsort (void *base, size_t nmemb, size_t size,
int (*compar)(const void *, const void *));
################ Multibyte/wide character conversion functions
int mblen (const char *, size_t);
int mbtowc (wchar_t * __restrict, const char * __restrict, size_t);
int wctomb (char *, wchar_t);
################ Multibyte/wide string conversion functions
size_t mbstowcs (wchar_t * __restrict dest,
const char * __restrict src, size_t limit);
size_t wcstombs (char * __restrict dest,
const wchar_t * __restrict src, size_t limit);
################ Miscelaneous functions for *nix compatibility
char *realpath (char *file_name, char *resolved_name);
const char *getprogname (void);
void setprogname (const char *progname);
############ Integer Numeric conversion functions
int atoi (const char *nptr);
long atol (const char *nptr);
long long atoll (const char *nptr);
long strtol (const char * __restrict nptr,
char ** __restrict endptr, int base);
unsigned long strtoul (const char * __restrict nptr,
char ** __restrict endptr, int base);
long long strtoll (const char * __restrict nptr,
char ** __restrict endptr, int base);
unsigned long long strtoull (const char * __restrict nptr,
char ** __restrict endptr, int base);
######### Floating-point Numeric conversion functions
double atof (const char *);
double strtod (const char * __restrict nptr,
char ** __restrict endptr);
float strtof (const char * __restrict nptr,
char ** __restrict endptr);
long double strtold (const char * __restrict nptr,
char ** __restrict endptr);
@endverbatim
Copyright (c) 2010 - 2011, Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.<BR>
This program and the accompanying materials are licensed and made available under
the terms and conditions of the BSD License that accompanies this distribution.
The full text of the license may be found at
http://opensource.org/licenses/bsd-license.
THE PROGRAM IS DISTRIBUTED UNDER THE BSD LICENSE ON AN "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR REPRESENTATIONS OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED.
**/
#ifndef _STDLIB_H
#define _STDLIB_H
#include <sys/EfiCdefs.h>
#ifdef _EFI_SIZE_T_
/** Unsigned integer type of the result of the sizeof operator. **/
typedef _EFI_SIZE_T_ size_t;
#undef _EFI_SIZE_T_
#undef _BSD_SIZE_T_
#endif
#ifndef __cplusplus
#ifdef _EFI_WCHAR_T
/** Type of a wide (Unicode) character. **/
typedef _EFI_WCHAR_T wchar_t;
#undef _EFI_WCHAR_T
#undef _BSD_WCHAR_T_
#endif
#endif
/// A structure type that is the type of the value returned by the div function.
typedef struct {
int quot; /**< quotient */
int rem; /**< remainder */
} div_t;
/// A structure type that is the type of the value returned by the ldiv function.
typedef struct {
long quot;
long rem;
} ldiv_t;
/// A structure type that is the type of the value returned by the lldiv function.
typedef struct {
long long quot;
long long rem;
} lldiv_t;
/** @{
Expand to integer constant expressions that can be used as the argument to
the exit function to return unsuccessful or successful termination status,
respectively, to the host environment.
**/
#define EXIT_FAILURE 1
#define EXIT_SUCCESS 0
/*@}*/
/** Expands to an integer constant expression that is the maximum value
returned by the rand function.
**/
#define RAND_MAX 0x7fffffff
/** Expands to a positive integer expression with type size_t that is the
maximum number of bytes in a multibyte character for the extended character
set specified by the current locale (category LC_CTYPE), which is never
greater than MB_LEN_MAX.
**/
#define MB_CUR_MAX 2
/** Maximum number of functions that can be registered by atexit.
The C standard states that the implementation shall support the
registration of at least 32 functions.
**/
#define ATEXIT_MAX 32
__BEGIN_DECLS
/* ################ Communication with the environment ################## */
/** The abort function causes abnormal program termination to occur, unless
the signal SIGABRT is being caught and the signal handler does not return.
Open streams with unwritten buffered data are not flushed, open
streams are not closed, and temporary files are not removed by abort.
Unsuccessful termination is returned to the host environment by means of
the function call, raise(SIGABRT).
@sa signal.h
**/
void abort(void) __noreturn;
/** The atexit function registers the function pointed to by func, to be
called without arguments at normal program termination.
The implementation supports the registration of up to 32 functions.
@param[in] Handler Pointer to the function to register as one of the
routines to call at application exit time.
@return The atexit function returns zero if the registration succeeds,
nonzero if it fails.
**/
int atexit(void (*Handler)(void));
/** The exit function causes normal program termination to occur. If more than
one call to the exit function is executed by a program,
the behavior is undefined.
First, all functions registered by the atexit function are called, in the
reverse order of their registration, except that a function is called
after any previously registered functions that had already been called at
the time it was registered. If, during the call to any such function, a
call to the longjmp function is made that would terminate the call to the
registered function, the behavior is undefined.
Next, all open streams with unwritten buffered data are flushed, all open
streams are closed, and all files created by the tmpfile function
are removed.
Finally, control is returned to the host environment.
@param[in] status A value to be returned when the application exits.
@return If the value of status is zero, or EXIT_SUCCESS, status is
returned unchanged. If the value of status is EXIT_FAILURE,
RETURN_ABORTED is returned. Otherwise, status is returned unchanged.
**/
void exit(int status) __noreturn;
/** The _Exit function causes normal program termination to occur and control
to be returned to the host environment.
No functions registered by the atexit function or signal handlers
registered by the signal function are called. Open streams with unwritten
buffered data are not flushed, open streams are not closed, and temporary
files are not removed by abort.
The status returned to the host environment is determined in the same way
as for the exit function.
@param[in] status A value to be returned when the application exits.
@return If the value of status is zero, or EXIT_SUCCESS, status is
returned unchanged. If the value of status is EXIT_FAILURE,
RETURN_ABORTED is returned. Otherwise, status is returned unchanged.
**/
void _Exit(int status) __noreturn;
/** The getenv function searches an environment list, provided by the host
environment, for a string that matches the string pointed to by name. The
set of environment names and the method for altering the environment list
are determined by the underlying UEFI Shell implementation.
@param[in] name Pointer to a string naming the environment variable to retrieve.
@return The getenv function returns a pointer to a string associated with
the matched list member. The string pointed to shall not be
modified by the program, but may be overwritten by a subsequent
call to the getenv function. If the specified name cannot be
found, a null pointer is returned.
**/
char *getenv(const char *name);
/** Add or update a variable in the environment list.
@param[in] name Address of a zero terminated name string.
@param[in] value Address of a zero terminated value string.
@param[in] rewrite TRUE allows overwriting existing values.
@retval 0 Returns 0 upon success.
@retval -1 Returns -1 upon failure, sets errno with more information.
**/
int
setenv (
register const char * name,
register const char * value,
int rewrite
);
/** If string is a null pointer, the system function determines whether the
host environment has a command processor. If string is not a null pointer,
the system function passes the string pointed to by string to that command
processor to be executed in a manner which the implementation shall
document; this might then cause the program calling system to behave in a
non-conforming manner or to terminate.
@param[in] string Pointer to the command string to be executed.
@return If the argument is a null pointer, the system function returns
nonzero only if a command processor is available. If the argument
is not a null pointer, and the system function does return, it
returns an implementation-defined value.
**/
int system(const char *string);
/* ################ Integer arithmetic functions ######################## */
/** Computes the absolute value of an integer j.
@param[in] j The value to find the absolute value of.
@return The absolute value of j.
**/
int abs(int j);
/** Computes the absolute value of a long integer j.
@param[in] j The value to find the absolute value of.
@return The absolute value of j.
**/
long labs(long j);
/** Computes the absolute value of a long long integer j.
@param[in] j The value to find the absolute value of.
@return The absolute value of j.
**/
long long
llabs(long long j);
/** Computes numer / denom and numer % denom in a single operation.
@param[in] numer The numerator for the division.
@param[in] denom The denominator for the division.
@return Returns a structure of type div_t, comprising both the
quotient and the remainder.
**/
div_t div(int numer, int denom);
/** Computes numer / denom and numer % denom in a single operation.
@param[in] numer The numerator for the division.
@param[in] denom The denominator for the division.
@return Returns a structure of type ldiv_t, comprising both the
quotient and the remainder.
**/
ldiv_t ldiv(long numer, long denom);
/** Computes numer / denom and numer % denom in a single operation.
@param[in] numer The numerator for the division.
@param[in] denom The denominator for the division.
@return Returns a structure of type lldiv_t, comprising both the
quotient and the remainder.
**/
lldiv_t lldiv(long long numer, long long denom);
/* ############ Integer Numeric conversion functions #################### */
/** The atoi function converts the initial portion of the string pointed to by
nptr to int representation. Except for the behavior on error, it is
equivalent to:
- atoi: (int)strtol(nptr, (char **)NULL, 10)
@param[in] nptr Pointer to the string to be converted.
@return The atoi function returns the converted value.
**/
int atoi(const char *nptr);
/** The atol function converts the initial portion of the string pointed to by
nptr to long int representation. Except for the behavior on error, it is
equivalent to:
- atol: strtol(nptr, (char **)NULL, 10)
@param[in] nptr Pointer to the string to be converted.
@return The atol function returns the converted value.
**/
long atol(const char *nptr);
/** The atoll function converts the initial portion of the string pointed to by
nptr to long long int representation. Except for the behavior on error, it
is equivalent to:
- atoll: strtoll(nptr, (char **)NULL, 10)
@param[in] nptr Pointer to the string to be converted.
@return The atoll function returns the converted value.
**/
long long
atoll(const char *nptr);
/** The strtol, strtoll, strtoul, and strtoull functions convert the initial
portion of the string pointed to by nptr to long int, long long int,
unsigned long int, and unsigned long long int representation, respectively.
First, they decompose the input string into three parts: an initial,
possibly empty, sequence of white-space characters (as specified by the
isspace function), a subject sequence resembling an integer represented in
some radix determined by the value of base, and a final string of one or
more unrecognized characters, including the terminating null character of
the input string. Then, they attempt to convert the subject sequence to an
integer, and return the result.
If the value of base is zero, the expected form of the subject sequence is
that of an integer constant, optionally preceded
by a plus or minus sign, but not including an integer suffix. If the value
of base is between 2 and 36 (inclusive), the expected form of the subject
sequence is a sequence of letters and digits representing an integer with
the radix specified by base, optionally preceded by a plus or minus sign,
but not including an integer suffix. The letters from a (or A) through z
(or Z) are ascribed the values 10 through 35; only letters and digits whose
ascribed values are less than that of base are permitted. If the value of
base is 16, the characters 0x or 0X may optionally precede the sequence of
letters and digits, following the sign if present.
The subject sequence is defined as the longest initial subsequence of the
input string, starting with the first non-white-space character, that is of
the expected form. The subject sequence contains no characters if the input
string is empty or consists entirely of white space, or if the first
non-white-space character is other than a sign or a permissible letter or digit.
If the subject sequence has the expected form and the value of base is
zero, the sequence of characters starting with the first digit is
interpreted as an integer constant. If the subject sequence has the
expected form and the value of base is between 2 and 36, it is used as the
base for conversion, ascribing to each letter its value as given above. If
the subject sequence begins with a minus sign, the value resulting from the
conversion is negated (in the return type). A pointer to the final string
is stored in the object pointed to by endptr, provided that endptr is
not a null pointer.
In other than the "C" locale, additional locale-specific subject sequence
forms may be accepted.
If the subject sequence is empty or does not have the expected form, no
conversion is performed; the value of nptr is stored in the object pointed
to by endptr, provided that endptr is not a null pointer.
@param[in] nptr Pointer to the string to be converted.
@param[out] endptr If not NULL, points to an object to receive a pointer to the final string.
@param[in] base The base, 0 to 36, of the number represented by the input string.
@return The strtol, strtoll, strtoul, and strtoull functions return the
converted value, if any. If no conversion could be performed, zero
is returned. If the correct value is outside the range of
representable values, LONG_MIN, LONG_MAX, LLONG_MIN, LLONG_MAX,
ULONG_MAX, or ULLONG_MAX is returned (according to the return type
and sign of the value, if any), and the value of the macro ERANGE
is stored in errno.
**/
long strtol(const char * __restrict nptr, char ** __restrict endptr, int base);
/** The strtoul function converts the initial portion of the string pointed to
by nptr to unsigned long int representation.
See the description for strtol for more information.
@param[in] nptr Pointer to the string to be converted.
@param[out] endptr If not NULL, points to an object to receive a pointer to the final string.
@param[in] base The base, 0 to 36, of the number represented by the input string.
@return The strtoul function returns the converted value, if any. If no
conversion could be performed, zero is returned. If the correct
value is outside the range of representable values, ULONG_MAX is
returned and the value of the macro ERANGE is stored in errno.
**/
unsigned long
strtoul(const char * __restrict nptr, char ** __restrict endptr, int base);
/** The strtoll function converts the initial portion of the string pointed to
by nptr to long long int representation.
See the description for strtol for more information.
@param[in] nptr Pointer to the string to be converted.
@param[out] endptr If not NULL, points to an object to receive a pointer to the final string.
@param[in] base The base, 0 to 36, of the number represented by the input string.
@return The strtoll function returns the converted value, if any. If no
conversion could be performed, zero is returned. If the correct
value is outside the range of representable values, LLONG_MIN or
LLONG_MAX is returned (according to the sign of the value, if any),
and the value of the macro ERANGE is stored in errno.
**/
long long
strtoll(const char * __restrict nptr, char ** __restrict endptr, int base);
/** The strtoull function converts the initial portion of the string pointed to
by nptr to unsigned long long int representation.
See the description for strtol for more information.
@param[in] nptr Pointer to the string to be converted.
@param[out] endptr If not NULL, points to an object to receive a pointer to the final string.
@param[in] base The base, 0 to 36, of the number represented by the input string.
@return The strtoull function returns the converted value, if any. If no
conversion could be performed, zero is returned. If the correct
value is outside the range of representable values, ULLONG_MAX is
returned and the value of the macro ERANGE is stored in errno.
**/
unsigned long long
strtoull(const char * __restrict nptr, char ** __restrict endptr, int base);
/* ######### Floating-point Numeric conversion functions ################ */
/** Convert the initial part of a string to double representation.
@param[in] nptr Pointer to the string to be converted.
@return The floating-point value representing the string nptr.
**/
double atof(const char *nptr);
/** @{
The strtod, strtof, and strtold functions convert the initial portion of
the string pointed to by nptr to double, float, and long double
representation, respectively. First, they decompose the input string into
three parts: an initial, possibly empty, sequence of white-space characters
(as specified by the isspace function), a subject sequence resembling a
floating-point constant or representing an infinity or NaN; and a final
string of one or more unrecognized characters, including the terminating
null character of the input string. Then, they attempt to convert the
subject sequence to a floating-point number, and return the result.
*/
/** Convert a string to a double and point to the character after the last converted.
@param[in] nptr Pointer to the string to be converted.
@param[out] endptr If not NULL, points to an object to receive a pointer to the final string.
@return A floating-point value representing the string nptr.
A pointer to the final string is stored in the object pointed to
by endptr, provided that endptr is not a null pointer.
If the subject sequence is empty or does not have the expected
form, no conversion is performed; the value of nptr is stored in
the object pointed to by endptr, provided that endptr is not a null pointer.
**/
double strtod(const char * __restrict nptr, char ** __restrict endptr);
/** Convert a string to a float and point to the character after the last converted.
@param[in] nptr Pointer to the string to be converted.
@param[out] endptr If not NULL, points to an object to receive a pointer to the final string.
@return A floating-point value representing the string nptr.
A pointer to the final string is stored in the object pointed to
by endptr, provided that endptr is not a null pointer.
If the subject sequence is empty or does not have the expected
form, no conversion is performed; the value of nptr is stored in
the object pointed to by endptr, provided that endptr is not a null pointer.
**/
float strtof(const char * __restrict nptr, char ** __restrict endptr);
/** Convert a string to a long double and point to the character after the last converted.
@param[in] nptr Pointer to the string to be converted.
@param[out] endptr If not NULL, points to an object to receive a pointer to the final string.
@return A floating-point value representing the string nptr.
A pointer to the final string is stored in the object pointed to
by endptr, provided that endptr is not a null pointer.
If the subject sequence is empty or does not have the expected
form, no conversion is performed; the value of nptr is stored in
the object pointed to by endptr, provided that endptr is not a null pointer.
**/
long double
strtold(const char * __restrict nptr, char ** __restrict endptr);
/*@}*/
/* ################ Pseudo-random sequence generation functions ######### */
/** The rand function computes a sequence of pseudo-random integers in the
range 0 to RAND_MAX.
@return The rand function returns a pseudo-random integer.
**/
int rand(void);
/** The srand function uses the argument as a seed for a new sequence of
pseudo-random numbers to be returned by subsequent calls to rand.
If srand is then called with the same seed value, the sequence of
pseudo-random numbers shall be repeated. If rand is called before any calls
to srand have been made, the same sequence shall be generated as when srand
is first called with a seed value of 1.
@param[in] seed The value used to "seed" the random number generator with.
**/
void srand(unsigned seed);
/* ################ Memory management functions ######################### */
/** The calloc function allocates space for an array of Num objects, each of
whose size is Size. The space is initialized to all bits zero.
@param[in] Num The number of objects to allocate space for.
@param[in] Size The size, in bytes, of each object.
@return NULL is returned if the space could not be allocated and errno
contains the cause. Otherwise, a pointer to an 8-byte aligned
region of the requested size is returned.
**/
void *calloc(size_t Num, size_t Size);
/** The free function causes the space pointed to by Ptr to be deallocated,
that is, made available for further allocation.
If Ptr is a null pointer, no action occurs. Otherwise, if the argument
does not match a pointer earlier returned by the calloc, malloc, or realloc
function, or if the space has been deallocated by a call to free or
realloc, the behavior is undefined.
@param Ptr Pointer to a previously allocated region of memory to be freed.
**/
void free(void *Ptr);
/** The malloc function allocates space for an object whose size is specified
by size and whose value is indeterminate.
This implementation uses the UEFI memory allocation boot services to get a
region of memory that is 8-byte aligned and of the specified size. The
region is allocated with type EfiLoaderData.
@param Size Size, in bytes, of the region to allocate.
@return NULL is returned if the space could not be allocated and errno
contains the cause. Otherwise, a pointer to an 8-byte aligned
region of the requested size is returned.<BR>
If NULL is returned, errno may contain:
- EINVAL: Requested Size is zero.
- ENOMEM: Memory could not be allocated.
**/
void *malloc(size_t Size);
/** The realloc function changes the size of the object pointed to by Ptr to
the size specified by NewSize.
The contents of the object are unchanged up to the lesser of the new and
old sizes. If the new size is larger, the value of the newly allocated
portion of the object is indeterminate.
If Ptr is a null pointer, the realloc function behaves like the malloc
function for the specified size.
If Ptr does not match a pointer earlier returned by the calloc, malloc, or
realloc function, or if the space has been deallocated by a call to the free
or realloc function, the behavior is undefined.
If the space cannot be allocated, the object pointed to by Ptr is unchanged.
If NewSize is zero and Ptr is not a null pointer, the object it points to
is freed.
This implementation uses the UEFI memory allocation boot services to get a
region of memory that is 8-byte aligned and of the specified size. The
region is allocated with type EfiLoaderData.
@param Ptr Pointer to a previously allocated region of memory to be resized.
@param NewSize Size, in bytes, of the new object to allocate space for.
@return NULL is returned if the space could not be allocated and errno
contains the cause. Otherwise, a pointer to an 8-byte aligned
region of the requested size is returned. If NewSize is zero,
NULL is returned and errno will be unchanged.
**/
void *realloc(void *Ptr, size_t NewSize);
/* ################ Searching and Sorting utilities ##################### */
/** The bsearch function searches an array of Nmemb objects, the initial
element of which is pointed to by Base, for an element that matches the
object pointed to by Key. The size of each element of the array is
specified by Size.
The comparison function pointed to by Compar is called with two arguments
that point to the Key object and to an array element, in that order. The
function returns an integer less than, equal to, or greater than zero if
the Key object is considered, respectively, to be less than, to match, or
to be greater than the array element. The array consists of: all the
elements that compare less than, all the elements that compare equal to,
and all the elements that compare greater than the key object,
in that order.
@param[in] Key Pointer to the object to search for.
@param[in] Base Pointer to the first element of an array to search.
@param[in] Nmemb Number of objects in the search array.
@param[in] Size The size of each object in the search array.
@param[in] Compar Pointer to the function used to compare two objects.
@return The bsearch function returns a pointer to a matching element of the
array, or a null pointer if no match is found. If two elements
compare as equal, which element is matched is unspecified.
**/
void *bsearch( const void *Key, const void *Base,
size_t Nmemb, size_t Size,
int (*Compar)(const void *, const void *)
);
/** The qsort function sorts an array of Nmemb objects, the initial element of
which is pointed to by Base. The size of each object is specified by Size.
The contents of the array are sorted into ascending order according to a
comparison function pointed to by Compar, which is called with two
arguments that point to the objects being compared. The function shall
return an integer less than, equal to, or greater than zero if the first
argument is considered to be respectively less than, equal to, or greater
than the second.
If two elements compare as equal, their order in the resulting sorted array
is unspecified.
@param[in,out] Base Pointer to the first element of an array to sort.
@param[in] Nmemb Number of objects in the array.
@param[in] Size The size of each object in the array.
@param[in] Compar Pointer to the function used to compare two objects.
**/
void qsort( void *base, size_t nmemb, size_t size,
int (*compar)(const void *, const void *));
/* ################ Multibyte/wide character conversion functions ####### */
/** Determine the number of bytes comprising a multibyte character.
If S is not a null pointer, the mblen function determines the number of bytes
contained in the multibyte character pointed to by S. Except that the
conversion state of the mbtowc function is not affected, it is equivalent to
mbtowc((wchar_t *)0, S, N);
@param[in] S NULL to query whether multibyte characters have
state-dependent encodings. Otherwise, points to a
multibyte character.
@param[in] N The maximum number of bytes in a multibyte character.
@return If S is a null pointer, the mblen function returns a nonzero or
zero value, if multibyte character encodings, respectively, do
or do not have state-dependent encodings. If S is not a null
pointer, the mblen function either returns 0 (if S points to the
null character), or returns the number of bytes that are contained
in the multibyte character (if the next N or fewer bytes form a
valid multibyte character), or returns -1 (if they do not form a
valid multibyte character).
**/
int mblen(const char *S, size_t N);
/** Convert a multibyte character into a wide character.
If S is not a null pointer, the mbtowc function inspects at most N bytes
beginning with the byte pointed to by S to determine the number of bytes
needed to complete the next multibyte character (including any shift
sequences). If the function determines that the next multibyte character
is complete and valid, it determines the value of the corresponding wide
character and then, if Pwc is not a null pointer, stores that value in
the object pointed to by Pwc. If the corresponding wide character is the
null wide character, the function is left in the initial conversion state.
@param[out] Pwc Pointer to a wide-character object to receive the converted character.
@param[in] S Pointer to a multibyte character to convert.
@param[in] N Maximum number of bytes in a multibyte character.
@return If S is a null pointer, the mbtowc function returns a nonzero or
zero value, if multibyte character encodings, respectively, do
or do not have state-dependent encodings. If S is not a null
pointer, the mbtowc function either returns 0 (if S points to
the null character), or returns the number of bytes that are
contained in the converted multibyte character (if the next N or
fewer bytes form a valid multibyte character), or returns -1
(if they do not form a valid multibyte character).
In no case will the value returned be greater than N or the value
of the MB_CUR_MAX macro.
**/
int mbtowc(wchar_t * __restrict Pwc, const char * __restrict S, size_t N);
/** Convert a wide character into a multibyte character.
The wctomb function determines the number of bytes needed to represent the
multibyte character corresponding to the wide character given by WC
(including any shift sequences), and stores the multibyte character
representation in the array whose first element is pointed to by S (if S is
not a null pointer). At most MB_CUR_MAX characters are stored. If WC is a
null wide character, a null byte is stored, preceded by any shift sequence
needed to restore the initial shift state, and the function is left in the
initial conversion state.
@param[out] S Pointer to the object to receive the converted multibyte character.
@param[in] WC Wide character to be converted.
@return If S is a null pointer, the wctomb function returns a nonzero or
zero value, if multibyte character encodings, respectively, do or
do not have state-dependent encodings. If S is not a null pointer,
the wctomb function returns -1 if the value of WC does not
correspond to a valid multibyte character, or returns the number
of bytes that are contained in the multibyte character
corresponding to the value of WC.
In no case will the value returned be greater than the value of
the MB_CUR_MAX macro.
**/
int wctomb(char *S, wchar_t WC);
/* ################ Multibyte/wide string conversion functions ########## */
/** Convert a multibyte character string into a wide-character string.
The mbstowcs function converts a sequence of multibyte characters that
begins in the initial shift state from the array pointed to by Src into
a sequence of corresponding wide characters and stores not more than limit
wide characters into the array pointed to by Dest. No multibyte
characters that follow a null character (which is converted into a null
wide character) will be examined or converted. Each multibyte character
is converted as if by a call to the mbtowc function, except that the
conversion state of the mbtowc function is not affected.
No more than Limit elements will be modified in the array pointed to by Dest.
If copying takes place between objects that overlap,
the behavior is undefined.
@param[out] Dest Pointer to the array to receive the converted string.
@param[in] Src Pointer to the string to be converted.
@param[in] Limit Maximum number of elements to be written to Dest.
@return If an invalid multibyte character is encountered, the mbstowcs
function returns (size_t)(-1). Otherwise, the mbstowcs function
returns the number of array elements modified, not including a
terminating null wide character, if any.
**/
size_t mbstowcs(wchar_t * __restrict Dest, const char * __restrict Src, size_t Limit);
/** Convert a wide-character string into a multibyte character string.
The wcstombs function converts a sequence of wide characters from the
array pointed to by Src into a sequence of corresponding multibyte
characters that begins in the initial shift state, and stores these
multibyte characters into the array pointed to by Dest, stopping if a
multibyte character would exceed the limit of Limit total bytes or if a
null character is stored. Each wide character is converted as if by
a call to the wctomb function, except that the conversion state of
the wctomb function is not affected.
No more than Limit bytes will be modified in the array pointed to by Dest.
If copying takes place between objects that overlap,
the behavior is undefined.
@param[out] Dest Pointer to the array to receive the converted string.
@param[in] Src Pointer to the string to be converted.
@param[in] Limit Maximum number of elements to be written to Dest.
@return If a wide character is encountered that does not correspond to a
valid multibyte character, the wcstombs function returns
(size_t)(-1). Otherwise, the wcstombs function returns the number
of bytes modified, not including a terminating null character,
if any.
**/
size_t wcstombs(char * __restrict Dest, const wchar_t * __restrict Src, size_t Limit);
/* ################ Miscelaneous functions for *nix compatibility ########## */
/** The realpath() function shall derive, from the pathname pointed to by
file_name, an absolute pathname that names the same file, whose resolution
does not involve '.', '..', or symbolic links. The generated pathname shall
be stored as a null-terminated string, up to a maximum of {PATH_MAX} bytes,
in the buffer pointed to by resolved_name.
If resolved_name is a null pointer, the behavior of realpath() is
implementation-defined.
@param[in] file_name The filename to convert.
@param[in,out] resolved_name The resultant name.
@retval NULL An error occured.
@retval resolved_name.
**/
char * realpath(char *file_name, char *resolved_name);
/** The getprogname() function returns the name of the program. If the name
has not been set yet, it will return NULL.
@return The getprogname function returns NULL if the program's name has not
been set, otherwise it returns the name of the program.
**/
const char * getprogname(void);
/** The setprogname() function sets the name of the program.
@param[in] progname The name of the program. This memory must be retained
by the caller until no calls to "getprogname" will be
called.
**/
void setprogname(const char *progname);
__END_DECLS
#endif /* _STDLIB_H */
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