This makes the index iterator honor the GIT_ITERATOR_IGNORE_CASE
and GIT_ITERATOR_DONT_IGNORE_CASE flags without modifying the
index data itself. To take advantage of this, I had to export a
number of the internal index entry comparison functions. I also
wrote some new tests to exercise the capability.
When a directory containing a .git directory (or even just a plain
gitlink) was found, libgit2 was going out of its way to treat it
specially. This seemed like it was necessary because the diff
code was not originally emulating Git's behavior for untracked
directories correctly (i.e. scanning for ignored vs untracked items
inside). Now that libgit2 diff mimics Git's untracked directory
behavior, the special handling for contained Git repos is actually
incorrect and this commit rips it out.
