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import ceph pacific 16.2.14 source

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Signed-off-by: Thomas Lamprecht <t.lamprecht@proxmox.com>
This commit is contained in:
Thomas Lamprecht 2023-08-31 14:47:29 +02:00
parent b81a1d7f97
commit a2f5a7e755
409 changed files with 11252 additions and 9636 deletions
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2
ceph/CMakeLists.txt
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@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10.2)
# remove cmake/modules/FindPython* once 3.12 is required
project(ceph
VERSION 16.2.13
VERSION 16.2.14
LANGUAGES CXX C ASM)
foreach(policy

70
ceph/PendingReleaseNotes
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@ -32,6 +32,17 @@
in certain recovery scenarios, e.g., monitor database lost and rebuilt, and
the restored file system is expected to have the same ID as before.
>= 16.2.14
----------
* CEPHFS: After recovering a Ceph File System post following the disaster recovery
procedure, the recovered files under `lost+found` directory can now be deleted.
* `ceph mgr dump` command now displays the name of the mgr module that
registered a RADOS client in the `name` field added to elements of the
`active_clients` array. Previously, only the address of a module's RADOS
client was shown in the `active_clients` array.
>=16.2.12
---------
@ -62,6 +73,65 @@
namespaces was added to RBD in Nautilus 14.2.0 and it has been possible to
map and unmap images in namespaces using the `image-spec` syntax since then
but the corresponding option available in most other commands was missing.
* RGW: Compression is now supported for objects uploaded with Server-Side Encryption.
When both are enabled, compression is applied before encryption.
* RGW: the "pubsub" functionality for storing bucket notifications inside Ceph
is removed. Together with it, the "pubsub" zone should not be used anymore.
The REST operations, as well as radosgw-admin commands for manipulating
subscriptions, as well as fetching and acking the notifications are removed
as well.
In case that the endpoint to which the notifications are sent maybe down or
disconnected, it is recommended to use persistent notifications to guarantee
the delivery of the notifications. In case the system that consumes the
notifications needs to pull them (instead of the notifications be pushed
to it), an external message bus (e.g. rabbitmq, Kafka) should be used for
that purpose.
* RGW: The serialized format of notification and topics has changed, so that
new/updated topics will be unreadable by old RGWs. We recommend completing
the RGW upgrades before creating or modifying any notification topics.
* RBD: Trailing newline in passphrase files (`<passphrase-file>` argument in
`rbd encryption format` command and `--encryption-passphrase-file` option
in other commands) is no longer stripped.
* RBD: Support for layered client-side encryption is added. Cloned images
can now be encrypted each with its own encryption format and passphrase,
potentially different from that of the parent image. The efficient
copy-on-write semantics intrinsic to unformatted (regular) cloned images
are retained.
* CEPHFS: Rename the `mds_max_retries_on_remount_failure` option to
`client_max_retries_on_remount_failure` and move it from mds.yaml.in to
mds-client.yaml.in because this option was only used by MDS client from its
birth.
* The `perf dump` and `perf schema` commands are deprecated in favor of new
`counter dump` and `counter schema` commands. These new commands add support
for labeled perf counters and also emit existing unlabeled perf counters. Some
unlabeled perf counters became labeled in this release, with more to follow in
future releases; such converted perf counters are no longer emitted by the
`perf dump` and `perf schema` commands.
* `ceph mgr dump` command now outputs `last_failure_osd_epoch` and
`active_clients` fields at the top level. Previously, these fields were
output under `always_on_modules` field.
* RBD: All rbd-mirror daemon perf counters became labeled and as such are now
emitted only by the new `counter dump` and `counter schema` commands. As part
of the conversion, many also got renamed to better disambiguate journal-based
and snapshot-based mirroring.
* RBD: list-watchers C++ API (`Image::list_watchers`) now clears the passed
`std::list` before potentially appending to it, aligning with the semantics
of the corresponding C API (`rbd_watchers_list`).
* Telemetry: Users who are opted-in to telemetry can also opt-in to
participating in a leaderboard in the telemetry public
dashboards (https://telemetry-public.ceph.com/). Users can now also add a
description of the cluster to publicly appear in the leaderboard.
For more details, see:
https://docs.ceph.com/en/latest/mgr/telemetry/#leaderboard
See a sample report with `ceph telemetry preview`.
Opt-in to telemetry with `ceph telemetry on`.
Opt-in to the leaderboard with
`ceph config set mgr mgr/telemetry/leaderboard true`.
Add leaderboard description with:
`ceph config set mgr mgr/telemetry/leaderboard_description ‘Cluster description’`.
* CEPHFS: After recovering a Ceph File System post following the disaster recovery
procedure, the recovered files under `lost+found` directory can now be deleted.
* core: cache-tiering is now deprecated.
>=16.2.8
--------

6
ceph/ceph.spec
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@ -135,7 +135,7 @@
# main package definition
#################################################################################
Name: ceph
Version: 16.2.13
Version: 16.2.14
Release: 0%{?dist}
%if 0%{?fedora} || 0%{?rhel}
Epoch: 2
@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ License: LGPL-2.1 and LGPL-3.0 and CC-BY-SA-3.0 and GPL-2.0 and BSL-1.0 and BSD-
Group: System/Filesystems
%endif
URL: http://ceph.com/
Source0: %{?_remote_tarball_prefix}ceph-16.2.13.tar.bz2
Source0: %{?_remote_tarball_prefix}ceph-16.2.14.tar.bz2
%if 0%{?suse_version}
# _insert_obs_source_lines_here
ExclusiveArch: x86_64 aarch64 ppc64le s390x
@ -1208,7 +1208,7 @@ This package provides Ceph default alerts for Prometheus.
# common
#################################################################################
%prep
%autosetup -p1 -n ceph-16.2.13
%autosetup -p1 -n ceph-16.2.14
%build
# Disable lto on systems that do not support symver attribute

10
ceph/changelog.upstream
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@ -1,7 +1,13 @@
ceph (16.2.13-1focal) focal; urgency=medium
ceph (16.2.14-1focal) focal; urgency=medium
-- Jenkins Build Slave User <jenkins-build@braggi17.front.sepia.ceph.com> Mon, 08 May 2023 20:49:59 +0000
-- Jenkins Build Slave User <jenkins-build@braggi13.front.sepia.ceph.com> Tue, 29 Aug 2023 16:38:35 +0000
ceph (16.2.14-1) stable; urgency=medium
* New upstream release
-- Ceph Release Team <ceph-maintainers@ceph.io> Tue, 29 Aug 2023 15:43:56 +0000
ceph (16.2.13-1) stable; urgency=medium

2
ceph/debian/cephfs-mirror.install
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@ -1 +1,3 @@
lib/systemd/system/cephfs-mirror*
usr/bin/cephfs-mirror
usr/share/man/man8/cephfs-mirror.8

35
ceph/doc/cephadm/operations.rst
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@ -43,17 +43,17 @@ monitor hosts as well as to the monitor daemons' stderr.
Ceph daemon logs
================
Logging to journald
-------------------
Logging to stdout
-----------------
Ceph daemons traditionally write logs to ``/var/log/ceph``. Ceph daemons log to
journald by default and Ceph logs are captured by the container runtime
environment. They are accessible via ``journalctl``.
Ceph daemons traditionally write logs to ``/var/log/ceph``. Ceph
daemons log to stderr by default and Ceph logs are captured by the
container runtime environment. By default, most systems send these
logs to journald, which means that they are accessible via
``journalctl``.
.. note:: Prior to Quincy, ceph daemons logged to stderr.
Example of logging to journald
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Example of logging to stdout
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
For example, to view the logs for the daemon ``mon.foo`` for a cluster
with ID ``5c5a50ae-272a-455d-99e9-32c6a013e694``, the command would be
@ -69,11 +69,11 @@ Logging to files
----------------
You can also configure Ceph daemons to log to files instead of to
journald if you prefer logs to appear in files (as they did in earlier,
stderr if you prefer logs to appear in files (as they did in earlier,
pre-cephadm, pre-Octopus versions of Ceph). When Ceph logs to files,
the logs appear in ``/var/log/ceph/<cluster-fsid>``. If you choose to
configure Ceph to log to files instead of to journald, remember to
configure Ceph so that it will not log to journald (the commands for
configure Ceph to log to files instead of to stderr, remember to
configure Ceph so that it will not log to stderr (the commands for
this are covered below).
Enabling logging to files
@ -86,10 +86,10 @@ To enable logging to files, run the following commands:
ceph config set global log_to_file true
ceph config set global mon_cluster_log_to_file true
Disabling logging to journald
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Disabling logging to stderr
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
If you choose to log to files, we recommend disabling logging to journald or else
If you choose to log to files, we recommend disabling logging to stderr or else
everything will be logged twice. Run the following commands to disable logging
to stderr:
@ -97,11 +97,6 @@ to stderr:
ceph config set global log_to_stderr false
ceph config set global mon_cluster_log_to_stderr false
ceph config set global log_to_journald false
ceph config set global mon_cluster_log_to_journald false
.. note:: You can change the default by passing --log-to-file during
bootstrapping a new cluster.
Modifying the log retention schedule
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

52
ceph/doc/cephadm/services/index.rst
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@ -558,6 +558,7 @@ For example:
Extra Entrypoint Arguments
==========================
.. note::
For arguments intended for the container runtime rather than the process inside
@ -577,6 +578,57 @@ the node-exporter service , one could apply a service spec like
extra_entrypoint_args:
- "--collector.textfile.directory=/var/lib/node_exporter/textfile_collector2"
Custom Config Files
===================
Cephadm supports specifying miscellaneous config files for daemons.
To do so, users must provide both the content of the config file and the
location within the daemon's container at which it should be mounted. After
applying a YAML spec with custom config files specified and having cephadm
redeploy the daemons for which the config files are specified, these files will
be mounted within the daemon's container at the specified location.
Example service spec:
.. code-block:: yaml
service_type: grafana
service_name: grafana
custom_configs:
- mount_path: /etc/example.conf
content: |
setting1 = value1
setting2 = value2
- mount_path: /usr/share/grafana/example.cert
content: |
-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----
V2VyIGRhcyBsaWVzdCBpc3QgZG9vZi4gTG9yZW0gaXBzdW0gZG9sb3Igc2l0IGFt
ZXQsIGNvbnNldGV0dXIgc2FkaXBzY2luZyBlbGl0ciwgc2VkIGRpYW0gbm9udW15
IGVpcm1vZCB0ZW1wb3IgaW52aWR1bnQgdXQgbGFib3JlIGV0IGRvbG9yZSBtYWdu
YSBhbGlxdXlhbSBlcmF0LCBzZWQgZGlhbSB2b2x1cHR1YS4gQXQgdmVybyBlb3Mg
ZXQgYWNjdXNhbSBldCBqdXN0byBkdW8=
-----END PRIVATE KEY-----
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
V2VyIGRhcyBsaWVzdCBpc3QgZG9vZi4gTG9yZW0gaXBzdW0gZG9sb3Igc2l0IGFt
ZXQsIGNvbnNldGV0dXIgc2FkaXBzY2luZyBlbGl0ciwgc2VkIGRpYW0gbm9udW15
IGVpcm1vZCB0ZW1wb3IgaW52aWR1bnQgdXQgbGFib3JlIGV0IGRvbG9yZSBtYWdu
YSBhbGlxdXlhbSBlcmF0LCBzZWQgZGlhbSB2b2x1cHR1YS4gQXQgdmVybyBlb3Mg
ZXQgYWNjdXNhbSBldCBqdXN0byBkdW8=
-----END CERTIFICATE-----
To make these new config files actually get mounted within the
containers for the daemons
.. prompt:: bash
ceph orch redeploy <service-name>
For example:
.. prompt:: bash
ceph orch redeploy grafana
.. _orch-rm:
Removing a Service

16
ceph/doc/cephadm/services/monitoring.rst
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@ -299,13 +299,16 @@ and the metrics will not be visible in Prometheus.
Setting up Prometheus
-----------------------
Setting Prometheus Retention Time
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Setting Prometheus Retention Size and Time
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Cephadm provides the option to set the Prometheus TDSB retention time using
a ``retention_time`` field in the Prometheus service spec. The value defaults
to 15 days (15d). If you would like a different value, such as 1 year (1y) you
can apply a service spec similar to:
Cephadm can configure Prometheus TSDB retention by specifying ``retention_time``
and ``retention_size`` values in the Prometheus service spec.
The retention time value defaults to 15 days (15d). Users can set a different value/unit where
supported units are: 'y', 'w', 'd', 'h', 'm' and 's'. The retention size value defaults
to 0 (disabled). Supported units in this case are: 'B', 'KB', 'MB', 'GB', 'TB', 'PB' and 'EB'.
In the following example spec we set the retention time to 1 year and the size to 1GB.
.. code-block:: yaml
@ -314,6 +317,7 @@ can apply a service spec similar to:
count: 1
spec:
retention_time: "1y"
retention_size: "1GB"
.. note::

2
ceph/doc/cephadm/services/osd.rst
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@ -308,7 +308,7 @@ Replacing an OSD
.. prompt:: bash #
orch osd rm <osd_id(s)> --replace [--force]
ceph orch osd rm <osd_id(s)> --replace [--force]
Example:

175
ceph/doc/cephfs/cephfs-mirroring.rst
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@ -14,6 +14,8 @@ Requirements
The primary (local) and secondary (remote) Ceph clusters version should be Pacific or later.
.. _cephfs_mirroring_creating_users:
Creating Users
--------------
@ -42,80 +44,155 @@ Mirror daemon should be spawned using `systemctl(1)` unit files::
$ cephfs-mirror --id mirror --cluster site-a -f
.. note:: User used here is `mirror` created in the `Creating Users` section.
.. note:: The user specified here is `mirror`, the creation of which is
described in the :ref:`Creating Users<cephfs_mirroring_creating_users>`
section.
Multiple ``cephfs-mirror`` daemons may be deployed for concurrent
synchronization and high availability. Mirror daemons share the synchronization
load using a simple ``M/N`` policy, where ``M`` is the number of directories
and ``N`` is the number of ``cephfs-mirror`` daemons.
When ``cephadm`` is used to manage a Ceph cluster, ``cephfs-mirror`` daemons can be
deployed by running the following command:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph orch apply cephfs-mirror
To deploy multiple mirror daemons, run a command of the following form:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph orch apply cephfs-mirror --placement=<placement-spec>
For example, to deploy 3 `cephfs-mirror` daemons on different hosts, run a command of the following form:
.. prompt:: bash $
$ ceph orch apply cephfs-mirror --placement="3 host1,host2,host3"
Interface
---------
`Mirroring` module (manager plugin) provides interfaces for managing directory snapshot
mirroring. Manager interfaces are (mostly) wrappers around monitor commands for managing
file system mirroring and is the recommended control interface.
The `Mirroring` module (manager plugin) provides interfaces for managing
directory snapshot mirroring. These are (mostly) wrappers around monitor
commands for managing file system mirroring and is the recommended control
interface.
Mirroring Module
----------------
The mirroring module is responsible for assigning directories to mirror daemons for
synchronization. Multiple mirror daemons can be spawned to achieve concurrency in
directory snapshot synchronization. When mirror daemons are spawned (or terminated)
, the mirroring module discovers the modified set of mirror daemons and rebalances
the directory assignment amongst the new set thus providing high-availability.
The mirroring module is responsible for assigning directories to mirror daemons
for synchronization. Multiple mirror daemons can be spawned to achieve
concurrency in directory snapshot synchronization. When mirror daemons are
spawned (or terminated), the mirroring module discovers the modified set of
mirror daemons and rebalances directory assignments across the new set, thus
providing high-availability.
.. note:: Multiple mirror daemons is currently untested. Only a single mirror daemon
is recommended.
.. note:: Deploying a single mirror daemon is recommended. Running multiple
daemons is untested.
Mirroring module is disabled by default. To enable mirroring use::
The mirroring module is disabled by default. To enable the mirroring module,
run the following command:
$ ceph mgr module enable mirroring
.. prompt:: bash $
Mirroring module provides a family of commands to control mirroring of directory
snapshots. To add or remove directories, mirroring needs to be enabled for a given
file system. To enable mirroring use::
ceph mgr module enable mirroring
$ ceph fs snapshot mirror enable <fs_name>
The mirroring module provides a family of commands that can be used to control
the mirroring of directory snapshots. To add or remove directories, mirroring
must be enabled for a given file system. To enable mirroring for a given file
system, run a command of the following form:
.. note:: Mirroring module commands use `fs snapshot mirror` prefix as compared to
the monitor commands which `fs mirror` prefix. Make sure to use module
commands.
.. prompt:: bash $
To disable mirroring, use::
ceph fs snapshot mirror enable <fs_name>
$ ceph fs snapshot mirror disable <fs_name>
.. note:: "Mirroring module" commands are prefixed with ``fs snapshot mirror``.
This distinguishes them from "monitor commands", which are prefixed with ``fs
mirror``. Be sure (in this context) to use module commands.
Once mirroring is enabled, add a peer to which directory snapshots are to be mirrored.
Peers follow `<client>@<cluster>` specification and get assigned a unique-id (UUID)
when added. See `Creating Users` section on how to create Ceph users for mirroring.
To disable mirroring for a given file system, run a command of the following form:
To add a peer use::
.. prompt:: bash $
$ ceph fs snapshot mirror peer_add <fs_name> <remote_cluster_spec> [<remote_fs_name>] [<remote_mon_host>] [<cephx_key>]
ceph fs snapshot mirror disable <fs_name>
`<remote_fs_name>` is optional, and defaults to `<fs_name>` (on the remote cluster).
After mirroring is enabled, add a peer to which directory snapshots are to be
mirrored. Peers are specified by the ``<client>@<cluster>`` format, which is
referred to elsewhere in this document as the ``remote_cluster_spec``. Peers
are assigned a unique-id (UUID) when added. See the :ref:`Creating
Users<cephfs_mirroring_creating_users>` section for instructions that describe
how to create Ceph users for mirroring.
This requires the remote cluster ceph configuration and user keyring to be available in
the primary cluster. See `Bootstrap Peers` section to avoid this. `peer_add` additionally
supports passing the remote cluster monitor address and the user key. However, bootstrapping
a peer is the recommended way to add a peer.
To add a peer, run a command of the following form:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph fs snapshot mirror peer_add <fs_name> <remote_cluster_spec> [<remote_fs_name>] [<remote_mon_host>] [<cephx_key>]
``<remote_cluster_spec>`` is of the format ``client.<id>@<cluster_name>``.
``<remote_fs_name>`` is optional, and defaults to `<fs_name>` (on the remote
cluster).
For this command to succeed, the remote cluster's Ceph configuration and user
keyring must be available in the primary cluster. For example, if a user named
``client_mirror`` is created on the remote cluster which has ``rwps``
permissions for the remote file system named ``remote_fs`` (see `Creating
Users`) and the remote cluster is named ``remote_ceph`` (that is, the remote
cluster configuration file is named ``remote_ceph.conf`` on the primary
cluster), run the following command to add the remote filesystem as a peer to
the primary filesystem ``primary_fs``:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph fs snapshot mirror peer_add primary_fs client.mirror_remote@remote_ceph remote_fs
To avoid having to maintain the remote cluster configuration file and remote
ceph user keyring in the primary cluster, users can bootstrap a peer (which
stores the relevant remote cluster details in the monitor config store on the
primary cluster). See the :ref:`Bootstrap
Peers<cephfs_mirroring_bootstrap_peers>` section.
The ``peer_add`` command supports passing the remote cluster monitor address
and the user key. However, bootstrapping a peer is the recommended way to add a
peer.
.. note:: Only a single peer is supported right now.
To remove a peer use::
To remove a peer, run a command of the following form:
$ ceph fs snapshot mirror peer_remove <fs_name> <peer_uuid>
.. prompt:: bash $
To list file system mirror peers use::
ceph fs snapshot mirror peer_remove <fs_name> <peer_uuid>
$ ceph fs snapshot mirror peer_list <fs_name>
To list file system mirror peers, run a command of the following form:
To configure a directory for mirroring, use::
.. prompt:: bash $
$ ceph fs snapshot mirror add <fs_name> <path>
ceph fs snapshot mirror peer_list <fs_name>
To stop a mirroring directory snapshots use::
To configure a directory for mirroring, run a command of the following form:
$ ceph fs snapshot mirror remove <fs_name> <path>
.. prompt:: bash $
Only absolute directory paths are allowed. Also, paths are normalized by the mirroring
module, therfore, `/a/b/../b` is equivalent to `/a/b`.
ceph fs snapshot mirror add <fs_name> <path>
To stop mirroring directory snapshots, run a command of the following form:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph fs snapshot mirror remove <fs_name> <path>
Only absolute directory paths are allowed.
Paths are normalized by the mirroring module. This means that ``/a/b/../b`` is
equivalent to ``/a/b``. Paths always start from the CephFS file-system root and
not from the host system mount point.
For example::
$ mkdir -p /d0/d1/d2
$ ceph fs snapshot mirror add cephfs /d0/d1/d2
@ -123,16 +200,19 @@ module, therfore, `/a/b/../b` is equivalent to `/a/b`.
$ ceph fs snapshot mirror add cephfs /d0/d1/../d1/d2
Error EEXIST: directory /d0/d1/d2 is already tracked
Once a directory is added for mirroring, its subdirectory or ancestor directories are
disallowed to be added for mirorring::
After a directory is added for mirroring, the additional mirroring of
subdirectories or ancestor directories is disallowed::
$ ceph fs snapshot mirror add cephfs /d0/d1
Error EINVAL: /d0/d1 is a ancestor of tracked path /d0/d1/d2
$ ceph fs snapshot mirror add cephfs /d0/d1/d2/d3
Error EINVAL: /d0/d1/d2/d3 is a subtree of tracked path /d0/d1/d2
Commands to check directory mapping (to mirror daemons) and directory distribution are
detailed in `Mirroring Status` section.
The :ref:`Mirroring Status<cephfs_mirroring_mirroring_status>` section contains
information about the commands for checking the directory mapping (to mirror
daemons) and for checking the directory distribution.
.. _cephfs_mirroring_bootstrap_peers:
Bootstrap Peers
---------------
@ -160,6 +240,9 @@ e.g.::
$ ceph fs snapshot mirror peer_bootstrap import cephfs eyJmc2lkIjogIjBkZjE3MjE3LWRmY2QtNDAzMC05MDc5LTM2Nzk4NTVkNDJlZiIsICJmaWxlc3lzdGVtIjogImJhY2t1cF9mcyIsICJ1c2VyIjogImNsaWVudC5taXJyb3JfcGVlcl9ib290c3RyYXAiLCAic2l0ZV9uYW1lIjogInNpdGUtcmVtb3RlIiwgImtleSI6ICJBUUFhcDBCZ0xtRmpOeEFBVnNyZXozai9YYUV0T2UrbUJEZlJDZz09IiwgIm1vbl9ob3N0IjogIlt2MjoxOTIuMTY4LjAuNTo0MDkxOCx2MToxOTIuMTY4LjAuNTo0MDkxOV0ifQ==
.. _cephfs_mirroring_mirroring_status:
Mirroring Status
----------------

12
ceph/doc/cephfs/cephfs-top.rst
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@ -78,7 +78,15 @@ By default, `cephfs-top` connects to cluster name `ceph`. To use a non-default c
$ cephfs-top -d <seconds>
Interval should be greater or equal to 0.5 second. Fractional seconds are honoured.
Refresh interval should be a positive integer.
To dump the metrics to stdout without creating a curses display use::
$ cephfs-top --dump
To dump the metrics of the given filesystem to stdout without creating a curses display use::
$ cephfs-top --dumpfs <fs_name>
Interactive Commands
--------------------
@ -104,3 +112,5 @@ The metrics display can be scrolled using the Arrow Keys, PgUp/PgDn, Home/End an
Sample screenshot running `cephfs-top` with 2 filesystems:
.. image:: cephfs-top.png
.. note:: Minimum compatible python version for cephfs-top is 3.6.0. cephfs-top is supported on distros RHEL 8, Ubuntu 18.04, CentOS 8 and above.

31
ceph/doc/cephfs/disaster-recovery-experts.rst
View File

@ -149,8 +149,8 @@ errors.
::
cephfs-data-scan scan_extents <data pool>
cephfs-data-scan scan_inodes <data pool>
cephfs-data-scan scan_extents [<data pool> [<extra data pool> ...]]
cephfs-data-scan scan_inodes [<data pool>]
cephfs-data-scan scan_links
'scan_extents' and 'scan_inodes' commands may take a *very long* time
@ -166,22 +166,22 @@ The example below shows how to run 4 workers simultaneously:
::
# Worker 0
cephfs-data-scan scan_extents --worker_n 0 --worker_m 4 <data pool>
cephfs-data-scan scan_extents --worker_n 0 --worker_m 4
# Worker 1
cephfs-data-scan scan_extents --worker_n 1 --worker_m 4 <data pool>
cephfs-data-scan scan_extents --worker_n 1 --worker_m 4
# Worker 2
cephfs-data-scan scan_extents --worker_n 2 --worker_m 4 <data pool>
cephfs-data-scan scan_extents --worker_n 2 --worker_m 4
# Worker 3
cephfs-data-scan scan_extents --worker_n 3 --worker_m 4 <data pool>
cephfs-data-scan scan_extents --worker_n 3 --worker_m 4
# Worker 0
cephfs-data-scan scan_inodes --worker_n 0 --worker_m 4 <data pool>
cephfs-data-scan scan_inodes --worker_n 0 --worker_m 4
# Worker 1
cephfs-data-scan scan_inodes --worker_n 1 --worker_m 4 <data pool>
cephfs-data-scan scan_inodes --worker_n 1 --worker_m 4
# Worker 2
cephfs-data-scan scan_inodes --worker_n 2 --worker_m 4 <data pool>
cephfs-data-scan scan_inodes --worker_n 2 --worker_m 4
# Worker 3
cephfs-data-scan scan_inodes --worker_n 3 --worker_m 4 <data pool>
cephfs-data-scan scan_inodes --worker_n 3 --worker_m 4
It is **important** to ensure that all workers have completed the
scan_extents phase before any workers enter the scan_inodes phase.
@ -191,8 +191,13 @@ operation to delete ancillary data geneated during recovery.
::
cephfs-data-scan cleanup <data pool>
cephfs-data-scan cleanup [<data pool>]
Note, the data pool parameters for 'scan_extents', 'scan_inodes' and
'cleanup' commands are optional, and usually the tool will be able to
detect the pools automatically. Still you may override this. The
'scan_extents' command needs all data pools to be specified, while
'scan_inodes' and 'cleanup' commands need only the main data pool.
Using an alternate metadata pool for recovery
@ -250,8 +255,8 @@ Now perform the recovery of the metadata pool from the data pool:
::
cephfs-data-scan init --force-init --filesystem cephfs_recovery --alternate-pool cephfs_recovery_meta
cephfs-data-scan scan_extents --alternate-pool cephfs_recovery_meta --filesystem <fs_name> <data_pool>
cephfs-data-scan scan_inodes --alternate-pool cephfs_recovery_meta --filesystem <fs_name> --force-corrupt <data_pool>
cephfs-data-scan scan_extents --alternate-pool cephfs_recovery_meta --filesystem <fs_name>
cephfs-data-scan scan_inodes --alternate-pool cephfs_recovery_meta --filesystem <fs_name> --force-corrupt
cephfs-data-scan scan_links --filesystem cephfs_recovery
.. note::

515
ceph/doc/cephfs/fs-volumes.rst
View File

@ -3,23 +3,22 @@
FS volumes and subvolumes
=========================
The volumes
module of the :term:`Ceph Manager` daemon (ceph-mgr) provides a single
source of truth for CephFS exports. The OpenStack shared
file system service (manila_) and Ceph Container Storage Interface (CSI_)
storage administrators among others can use the common CLI provided by the
ceph-mgr volumes module to manage CephFS exports.
The volumes module of the :term:`Ceph Manager` daemon (ceph-mgr) provides a
single source of truth for CephFS exports. The OpenStack shared file system
service (manila_) and the Ceph Container Storage Interface (CSI_) storage
administrators use the common CLI provided by the ceph-mgr ``volumes`` module
to manage CephFS exports.
The ceph-mgr volumes module implements the following file system export
abstactions:
The ceph-mgr ``volumes`` module implements the following file system export
abstractions:
* FS volumes, an abstraction for CephFS file systems
* FS subvolumes, an abstraction for independent CephFS directory trees
* FS subvolume groups, an abstraction for a directory level higher than FS
subvolumes to effect policies (e.g., :doc:`/cephfs/file-layouts`) across a
set of subvolumes
subvolumes. Used to effect policies (e.g., :doc:`/cephfs/file-layouts`)
across a set of subvolumes
Some possible use-cases for the export abstractions:
@ -38,67 +37,76 @@ Requirements
mon 'allow r'
mgr 'allow rw'
FS Volumes
----------
Create a volume using::
Create a volume by running the following command:
$ ceph fs volume create <vol_name> [<placement>]
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph fs volume create <vol_name> [<placement>]
This creates a CephFS file system and its data and metadata pools. It can also
deploy MDS daemons for the filesystem using a ceph-mgr orchestrator
module (see :doc:`/mgr/orchestrator`), for example Rook.
deploy MDS daemons for the filesystem using a ceph-mgr orchestrator module (for
example Rook). See :doc:`/mgr/orchestrator`.
<vol_name> is the volume name (an arbitrary string), and
<placement> is an optional string that designates the hosts that should have
an MDS running on them and, optionally, the total number of MDS daemons the cluster
should have. For example, the
following placement string means "deploy MDS on nodes ``host1`` and ``host2`` (one
MDS per host):
``<vol_name>`` is the volume name (an arbitrary string). ``<placement>`` is an
optional string that specifies the hosts that should have an MDS running on
them and, optionally, the total number of MDS daemons that the cluster should
have. For example, the following placement string means "deploy MDS on nodes
``host1`` and ``host2`` (one MDS per host)::
"host1,host2"
and this placement specification says to deploy two MDS daemons on each of
nodes ``host1`` and ``host2`` (for a total of four MDS daemons in the cluster):
The following placement specification means "deploy two MDS daemons on each of
nodes ``host1`` and ``host2`` (for a total of four MDS daemons in the
cluster)"::
"4 host1,host2"
For more details on placement specification refer to the :ref:`orchestrator-cli-service-spec`,
but keep in mind that specifying placement via a YAML file is not supported.
See :ref:`orchestrator-cli-service-spec` for more on placement specification.
Specifying placement via a YAML file is not supported.
To remove a volume, run the following command::
To remove a volume, run the following command:
$ ceph fs volume rm <vol_name> [--yes-i-really-mean-it]
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph fs volume rm <vol_name> [--yes-i-really-mean-it]
This removes a file system and its data and metadata pools. It also tries to
remove MDS daemons using the enabled ceph-mgr orchestrator module.
List volumes using::
List volumes by running the following command:
$ ceph fs volume ls
.. prompt:: bash $
Rename a volume using::
ceph fs volume ls
$ ceph fs volume rename <vol_name> <new_vol_name> [--yes-i-really-mean-it]
Rename a volume by running the following command:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph fs volume rename <vol_name> <new_vol_name> [--yes-i-really-mean-it]
Renaming a volume can be an expensive operation that requires the following:
- Rename the orchestrator-managed MDS service to match the <new_vol_name>.
This involves launching a MDS service with <new_vol_name> and bringing down
the MDS service with <vol_name>.
- Rename the file system matching <vol_name> to <new_vol_name>
- Change the application tags on the data and metadata pools of the file system
to <new_vol_name>
- Rename the metadata and data pools of the file system.
- Renaming the orchestrator-managed MDS service to match the <new_vol_name>.
This involves launching a MDS service with ``<new_vol_name>`` and bringing
down the MDS service with ``<vol_name>``.
- Renaming the file system matching ``<vol_name>`` to ``<new_vol_name>``.
- Changing the application tags on the data and metadata pools of the file system
to ``<new_vol_name>``.
- Renaming the metadata and data pools of the file system.
The CephX IDs authorized for <vol_name> need to be reauthorized for <new_vol_name>. Any
on-going operations of the clients using these IDs may be disrupted. Mirroring is
expected to be disabled on the volume.
The CephX IDs that are authorized for ``<vol_name>`` must be reauthorized for
``<new_vol_name>``. Any ongoing operations of the clients using these IDs may
be disrupted. Ensure that mirroring is disabled on the volume.
To fetch the information of a CephFS volume, run::
To fetch the information of a CephFS volume, run the following command:
$ ceph fs volume info vol_name [--human_readable]
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph fs volume info vol_name [--human_readable]
The ``--human_readable`` flag shows used and available pool capacities in KB/MB/GB.
@ -142,9 +150,11 @@ Sample output of the ``volume info`` command::
FS Subvolume groups
-------------------
Create a subvolume group using::
Create a subvolume group by running the following command:
$ ceph fs subvolumegroup create <vol_name> <group_name> [--size <size_in_bytes>] [--pool_layout <data_pool_name>] [--uid <uid>] [--gid <gid>] [--mode <octal_mode>]
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph fs subvolumegroup create <vol_name> <group_name> [--size <size_in_bytes>] [--pool_layout <data_pool_name>] [--uid <uid>] [--gid <gid>] [--mode <octal_mode>]
The command succeeds even if the subvolume group already exists.
@ -152,32 +162,41 @@ When creating a subvolume group you can specify its data pool layout (see
:doc:`/cephfs/file-layouts`), uid, gid, file mode in octal numerals, and
size in bytes. The size of the subvolume group is specified by setting
a quota on it (see :doc:`/cephfs/quota`). By default, the subvolume group
is created with octal file mode '755', uid '0', gid '0' and the data pool
is created with octal file mode ``755``, uid ``0``, gid ``0`` and the data pool
layout of its parent directory.
Remove a subvolume group by running a command of the following form:
Remove a subvolume group using::
.. prompt:: bash $
$ ceph fs subvolumegroup rm <vol_name> <group_name> [--force]
ceph fs subvolumegroup rm <vol_name> <group_name> [--force]
The removal of a subvolume group fails if it is not empty or non-existent.
'--force' flag allows the non-existent subvolume group remove command to succeed.
The removal of a subvolume group fails if the subvolume group is not empty or
is non-existent. The ``--force`` flag allows the non-existent "subvolume group
remove command" to succeed.
Fetch the absolute path of a subvolume group using::
Fetch the absolute path of a subvolume group by running a command of the
following form:
$ ceph fs subvolumegroup getpath <vol_name> <group_name>
.. prompt:: bash $
List subvolume groups using::
ceph fs subvolumegroup getpath <vol_name> <group_name>
$ ceph fs subvolumegroup ls <vol_name>
List subvolume groups by running a command of the following form:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph fs subvolumegroup ls <vol_name>
.. note:: Subvolume group snapshot feature is no longer supported in mainline CephFS (existing group
snapshots can still be listed and deleted)
Fetch the metadata of a subvolume group using::
Fetch the metadata of a subvolume group by running a command of the following form:
$ ceph fs subvolumegroup info <vol_name> <group_name>
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph fs subvolumegroup info <vol_name> <group_name>
The output format is JSON and contains fields as follows:
@ -194,62 +213,77 @@ The output format is JSON and contains fields as follows:
* ``created_at``: creation time of the subvolume group in the format "YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS"
* ``data_pool``: data pool to which the subvolume group belongs
Check the presence of any subvolume group using::
Check the presence of any subvolume group by running a command of the following form:
$ ceph fs subvolumegroup exist <vol_name>
.. prompt:: bash $
The 'exist' command outputs:
ceph fs subvolumegroup exist <vol_name>
The ``exist`` command outputs:
* "subvolumegroup exists": if any subvolumegroup is present
* "no subvolumegroup exists": if no subvolumegroup is present
.. note:: This command checks for the presence of custom groups and not presence of the default one. To validate the emptiness of the volume, a subvolumegroup existence check alone is not sufficient. Subvolume existence also needs to be checked as there might be subvolumes in the default group.
.. note:: This command checks for the presence of custom groups and not
presence of the default one. To validate the emptiness of the volume, a
subvolumegroup existence check alone is not sufficient. Subvolume existence
also needs to be checked as there might be subvolumes in the default group.
Resize a subvolume group using::
Resize a subvolume group by running a command of the following form:
$ ceph fs subvolumegroup resize <vol_name> <group_name> <new_size> [--no_shrink]
.. prompt:: bash $
The command resizes the subvolume group quota using the size specified by ``new_size``.
The ``--no_shrink`` flag prevents the subvolume group from shrinking below the current used
size.
ceph fs subvolumegroup resize <vol_name> <group_name> <new_size> [--no_shrink]
The subvolume group may be resized to an infinite size by passing ``inf`` or ``infinite``
as the ``new_size``.
The command resizes the subvolume group quota, using the size specified by
``new_size``. The ``--no_shrink`` flag prevents the subvolume group from
shrinking below the current used size.
Remove a snapshot of a subvolume group using::
The subvolume group may be resized to an infinite size by passing ``inf`` or
``infinite`` as the ``new_size``.
$ ceph fs subvolumegroup snapshot rm <vol_name> <group_name> <snap_name> [--force]
Remove a snapshot of a subvolume group by running a command of the following form:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph fs subvolumegroup snapshot rm <vol_name> <group_name> <snap_name> [--force]
Supplying the ``--force`` flag allows the command to succeed when it would otherwise
fail due to the snapshot not existing.
fail due to the nonexistence of the snapshot.
List snapshots of a subvolume group using::
List snapshots of a subvolume group by running a command of the following form:
$ ceph fs subvolumegroup snapshot ls <vol_name> <group_name>
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph fs subvolumegroup snapshot ls <vol_name> <group_name>
FS Subvolumes
-------------
Create a subvolume using::
Create a subvolume using:
$ ceph fs subvolume create <vol_name> <subvol_name> [--size <size_in_bytes>] [--group_name <subvol_group_name>] [--pool_layout <data_pool_name>] [--uid <uid>] [--gid <gid>] [--mode <octal_mode>] [--namespace-isolated]
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph fs subvolume create <vol_name> <subvol_name> [--size <size_in_bytes>] [--group_name <subvol_group_name>] [--pool_layout <data_pool_name>] [--uid <uid>] [--gid <gid>] [--mode <octal_mode>] [--namespace-isolated]
The command succeeds even if the subvolume already exists.
When creating a subvolume you can specify its subvolume group, data pool layout,
uid, gid, file mode in octal numerals, and size in bytes. The size of the subvolume is
specified by setting a quota on it (see :doc:`/cephfs/quota`). The subvolume can be
created in a separate RADOS namespace by specifying --namespace-isolated option. By
default a subvolume is created within the default subvolume group, and with an octal file
mode '755', uid of its subvolume group, gid of its subvolume group, data pool layout of
its parent directory and no size limit.
When creating a subvolume you can specify its subvolume group, data pool
layout, uid, gid, file mode in octal numerals, and size in bytes. The size of
the subvolume is specified by setting a quota on it (see :doc:`/cephfs/quota`).
The subvolume can be created in a separate RADOS namespace by specifying
--namespace-isolated option. By default a subvolume is created within the
default subvolume group, and with an octal file mode '755', uid of its
subvolume group, gid of its subvolume group, data pool layout of its parent
directory and no size limit.
Remove a subvolume using::
Remove a subvolume using:
$ ceph fs subvolume rm <vol_name> <subvol_name> [--group_name <subvol_group_name>] [--force] [--retain-snapshots]
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph fs subvolume rm <vol_name> <subvol_name> [--group_name <subvol_group_name>] [--force] [--retain-snapshots]
The command removes the subvolume and its contents. It does this in two steps.
First, it moves the subvolume to a trash folder, and then asynchronously purges
@ -262,44 +296,62 @@ A subvolume can be removed retaining existing snapshots of the subvolume using t
'--retain-snapshots' option. If snapshots are retained, the subvolume is considered
empty for all operations not involving the retained snapshots.
.. note:: Snapshot retained subvolumes can be recreated using 'ceph fs subvolume create'
.. note:: Snapshot retained subvolumes can be recreated using 'ceph fs
subvolume create'
.. note:: Retained snapshots can be used as a clone source to recreate the subvolume, or clone to a newer subvolume.
.. note:: Retained snapshots can be used as a clone source to recreate the
subvolume, or clone to a newer subvolume.
Resize a subvolume using::
Resize a subvolume using:
$ ceph fs subvolume resize <vol_name> <subvol_name> <new_size> [--group_name <subvol_group_name>] [--no_shrink]
.. prompt:: bash $
The command resizes the subvolume quota using the size specified by ``new_size``.
The `--no_shrink`` flag prevents the subvolume from shrinking below the current used size of the subvolume.
ceph fs subvolume resize <vol_name> <subvol_name> <new_size> [--group_name <subvol_group_name>] [--no_shrink]
The subvolume can be resized to an unlimited (but sparse) logical size by passing ``inf`` or ``infinite`` as `` new_size``.
The command resizes the subvolume quota using the size specified by
``new_size``. The `--no_shrink`` flag prevents the subvolume from shrinking
below the current used size of the subvolume.
Authorize cephx auth IDs, the read/read-write access to fs subvolumes::
The subvolume can be resized to an unlimited (but sparse) logical size by
passing ``inf`` or ``infinite`` as `` new_size``.
$ ceph fs subvolume authorize <vol_name> <sub_name> <auth_id> [--group_name=<group_name>] [--access_level=<access_level>]
Authorize cephx auth IDs, the read/read-write access to fs subvolumes:
The 'access_level' takes 'r' or 'rw' as value.
.. prompt:: bash $
Deauthorize cephx auth IDs, the read/read-write access to fs subvolumes::
ceph fs subvolume authorize <vol_name> <sub_name> <auth_id> [--group_name=<group_name>] [--access_level=<access_level>]
$ ceph fs subvolume deauthorize <vol_name> <sub_name> <auth_id> [--group_name=<group_name>]
The ``access_level`` takes ``r`` or ``rw`` as value.
List cephx auth IDs authorized to access fs subvolume::
Deauthorize cephx auth IDs, the read/read-write access to fs subvolumes:
$ ceph fs subvolume authorized_list <vol_name> <sub_name> [--group_name=<group_name>]
.. prompt:: bash $
Evict fs clients based on auth ID and subvolume mounted::
ceph fs subvolume deauthorize <vol_name> <sub_name> <auth_id> [--group_name=<group_name>]
$ ceph fs subvolume evict <vol_name> <sub_name> <auth_id> [--group_name=<group_name>]
List cephx auth IDs authorized to access fs subvolume:
Fetch the absolute path of a subvolume using::
.. prompt:: bash $
$ ceph fs subvolume getpath <vol_name> <subvol_name> [--group_name <subvol_group_name>]
ceph fs subvolume authorized_list <vol_name> <sub_name> [--group_name=<group_name>]
Fetch the information of a subvolume using::
Evict fs clients based on auth ID and subvolume mounted:
$ ceph fs subvolume info <vol_name> <subvol_name> [--group_name <subvol_group_name>]
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph fs subvolume evict <vol_name> <sub_name> <auth_id> [--group_name=<group_name>]
Fetch the absolute path of a subvolume using:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph fs subvolume getpath <vol_name> <subvol_name> [--group_name <subvol_group_name>]
Fetch the information of a subvolume using:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph fs subvolume info <vol_name> <subvol_name> [--group_name <subvol_group_name>]
The output format is JSON and contains fields as follows.
@ -339,67 +391,93 @@ A subvolume's ``state`` is based on the current state of the subvolume and conta
* ``complete``: subvolume is ready for all operations
* ``snapshot-retained``: subvolume is removed but its snapshots are retained
List subvolumes using::
List subvolumes using:
$ ceph fs subvolume ls <vol_name> [--group_name <subvol_group_name>]
.. prompt:: bash $
.. note:: subvolumes that are removed but have snapshots retained, are also listed.
ceph fs subvolume ls <vol_name> [--group_name <subvol_group_name>]
Check the presence of any subvolume using::
.. note:: subvolumes that are removed but have snapshots retained, are also
listed.
$ ceph fs subvolume exist <vol_name> [--group_name <subvol_group_name>]
Check the presence of any subvolume using:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph fs subvolume exist <vol_name> [--group_name <subvol_group_name>]
These are the possible results of the ``exist`` command:
* ``subvolume exists``: if any subvolume of given group_name is present
* ``no subvolume exists``: if no subvolume of given group_name is present
Set custom metadata on the subvolume as a key-value pair using::
Set custom metadata on the subvolume as a key-value pair using:
$ ceph fs subvolume metadata set <vol_name> <subvol_name> <key_name> <value> [--group_name <subvol_group_name>]
.. prompt:: bash $
.. note:: If the key_name already exists then the old value will get replaced by the new value.
ceph fs subvolume metadata set <vol_name> <subvol_name> <key_name> <value> [--group_name <subvol_group_name>]
.. note:: key_name and value should be a string of ASCII characters (as specified in python's string.printable). key_name is case-insensitive and always stored in lower case.
.. note:: If the key_name already exists then the old value will get replaced
by the new value.
.. note:: Custom metadata on a subvolume is not preserved when snapshotting the subvolume, and hence, is also not preserved when cloning the subvolume snapshot.
.. note:: key_name and value should be a string of ASCII characters (as
specified in python's string.printable). key_name is case-insensitive and
always stored in lower case.
Get custom metadata set on the subvolume using the metadata key::
.. note:: Custom metadata on a subvolume is not preserved when snapshotting the
subvolume, and hence, is also not preserved when cloning the subvolume
snapshot.
$ ceph fs subvolume metadata get <vol_name> <subvol_name> <key_name> [--group_name <subvol_group_name>]
Get custom metadata set on the subvolume using the metadata key:
List custom metadata (key-value pairs) set on the subvolume using::
.. prompt:: bash $
$ ceph fs subvolume metadata ls <vol_name> <subvol_name> [--group_name <subvol_group_name>]
ceph fs subvolume metadata get <vol_name> <subvol_name> <key_name> [--group_name <subvol_group_name>]
Remove custom metadata set on the subvolume using the metadata key::
List custom metadata (key-value pairs) set on the subvolume using:
$ ceph fs subvolume metadata rm <vol_name> <subvol_name> <key_name> [--group_name <subvol_group_name>] [--force]
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph fs subvolume metadata ls <vol_name> <subvol_name> [--group_name <subvol_group_name>]
Remove custom metadata set on the subvolume using the metadata key:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph fs subvolume metadata rm <vol_name> <subvol_name> <key_name> [--group_name <subvol_group_name>] [--force]
Using the ``--force`` flag allows the command to succeed that would otherwise
fail if the metadata key did not exist.
Create a snapshot of a subvolume using::
Create a snapshot of a subvolume using:
$ ceph fs subvolume snapshot create <vol_name> <subvol_name> <snap_name> [--group_name <subvol_group_name>]
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph fs subvolume snapshot create <vol_name> <subvol_name> <snap_name> [--group_name <subvol_group_name>]
Remove a snapshot of a subvolume using::
Remove a snapshot of a subvolume using:
$ ceph fs subvolume snapshot rm <vol_name> <subvol_name> <snap_name> [--group_name <subvol_group_name>] [--force]
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph fs subvolume snapshot rm <vol_name> <subvol_name> <snap_name> [--group_name <subvol_group_name>] [--force]
Using the ``--force`` flag allows the command to succeed that would otherwise
fail if the snapshot did not exist.
.. note:: if the last snapshot within a snapshot retained subvolume is removed, the subvolume is also removed
.. note:: if the last snapshot within a snapshot retained subvolume is removed,
the subvolume is also removed
List snapshots of a subvolume using::
List snapshots of a subvolume using:
$ ceph fs subvolume snapshot ls <vol_name> <subvol_name> [--group_name <subvol_group_name>]
.. prompt:: bash $
Fetch the information of a snapshot using::
ceph fs subvolume snapshot ls <vol_name> <subvol_name> [--group_name <subvol_group_name>]
$ ceph fs subvolume snapshot info <vol_name> <subvol_name> <snap_name> [--group_name <subvol_group_name>]
Fetch the information of a snapshot using:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph fs subvolume snapshot info <vol_name> <subvol_name> <snap_name> [--group_name <subvol_group_name>]
The output format is JSON and contains fields as follows.
@ -440,27 +518,40 @@ Sample output when no snapshot clone is in progress or pending::
"has_pending_clones": "no"
}
Set custom key-value metadata on the snapshot by running::
Set custom key-value metadata on the snapshot by running:
$ ceph fs subvolume snapshot metadata set <vol_name> <subvol_name> <snap_name> <key_name> <value> [--group_name <subvol_group_name>]
.. prompt:: bash $
.. note:: If the key_name already exists then the old value will get replaced by the new value.
ceph fs subvolume snapshot metadata set <vol_name> <subvol_name> <snap_name> <key_name> <value> [--group_name <subvol_group_name>]
.. note:: The key_name and value should be a strings of ASCII characters (as specified in Python's ``string.printable``). The key_name is case-insensitive and always stored in lowercase.
.. note:: If the key_name already exists then the old value will get replaced
by the new value.
.. note:: Custom metadata on a snapshot is not preserved when snapshotting the subvolume, and hence is also not preserved when cloning the subvolume snapshot.
.. note:: The key_name and value should be a strings of ASCII characters (as
specified in Python's ``string.printable``). The key_name is
case-insensitive and always stored in lowercase.
Get custom metadata set on the snapshot using the metadata key::
.. note:: Custom metadata on a snapshot is not preserved when snapshotting the
subvolume, and hence is also not preserved when cloning the subvolume
snapshot.
$ ceph fs subvolume snapshot metadata get <vol_name> <subvol_name> <snap_name> <key_name> [--group_name <subvol_group_name>]
Get custom metadata set on the snapshot using the metadata key:
List custom metadata (key-value pairs) set on the snapshot using::
.. prompt:: bash $
$ ceph fs subvolume snapshot metadata ls <vol_name> <subvol_name> <snap_name> [--group_name <subvol_group_name>]
ceph fs subvolume snapshot metadata get <vol_name> <subvol_name> <snap_name> <key_name> [--group_name <subvol_group_name>]
Remove custom metadata set on the snapshot using the metadata key::
List custom metadata (key-value pairs) set on the snapshot using:
$ ceph fs subvolume snapshot metadata rm <vol_name> <subvol_name> <snap_name> <key_name> [--group_name <subvol_group_name>] [--force]
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph fs subvolume snapshot metadata ls <vol_name> <subvol_name> <snap_name> [--group_name <subvol_group_name>]
Remove custom metadata set on the snapshot using the metadata key:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph fs subvolume snapshot metadata rm <vol_name> <subvol_name> <snap_name> <key_name> [--group_name <subvol_group_name>] [--force]
Using the ``--force`` flag allows the command to succeed that would otherwise
fail if the metadata key did not exist.
@ -468,47 +559,73 @@ fail if the metadata key did not exist.
Cloning Snapshots
-----------------
Subvolumes can be created by cloning subvolume snapshots. Cloning is an asynchronous operation that copies
data from a snapshot to a subvolume. Due to this bulk copying, cloning is inefficient for very large
data sets.
Subvolumes can be created by cloning subvolume snapshots. Cloning is an
asynchronous operation that copies data from a snapshot to a subvolume. Due to
this bulk copying, cloning is inefficient for very large data sets.
.. note:: Removing a snapshot (source subvolume) would fail if there are pending or in progress clone operations.
.. note:: Removing a snapshot (source subvolume) would fail if there are
pending or in progress clone operations.
Protecting snapshots prior to cloning was a prerequisite in the Nautilus release, and the commands to protect/unprotect
snapshots were introduced for this purpose. This prerequisite, and hence the commands to protect/unprotect, is being
deprecated and may be removed from a future release.
Protecting snapshots prior to cloning was a prerequisite in the Nautilus
release, and the commands to protect/unprotect snapshots were introduced for
this purpose. This prerequisite, and hence the commands to protect/unprotect,
is being deprecated and may be removed from a future release.
The commands being deprecated are::
$ ceph fs subvolume snapshot protect <vol_name> <subvol_name> <snap_name> [--group_name <subvol_group_name>]
$ ceph fs subvolume snapshot unprotect <vol_name> <subvol_name> <snap_name> [--group_name <subvol_group_name>]
The commands being deprecated are:
.. note:: Using the above commands will not result in an error, but they have no useful purpose.
.. prompt:: bash #
.. note:: Use the ``subvolume info`` command to fetch subvolume metadata regarding supported ``features`` to help decide if protect/unprotect of snapshots is required, based on the availability of the ``snapshot-autoprotect`` feature.
ceph fs subvolume snapshot protect <vol_name> <subvol_name> <snap_name> [--group_name <subvol_group_name>]
ceph fs subvolume snapshot unprotect <vol_name> <subvol_name> <snap_name> [--group_name <subvol_group_name>]
To initiate a clone operation use::
.. note:: Using the above commands will not result in an error, but they have
no useful purpose.
$ ceph fs subvolume snapshot clone <vol_name> <subvol_name> <snap_name> <target_subvol_name>
.. note:: Use the ``subvolume info`` command to fetch subvolume metadata
regarding supported ``features`` to help decide if protect/unprotect of
snapshots is required, based on the availability of the
``snapshot-autoprotect`` feature.
If a snapshot (source subvolume) is a part of non-default group, the group name needs to be specified::
To initiate a clone operation use:
$ ceph fs subvolume snapshot clone <vol_name> <subvol_name> <snap_name> <target_subvol_name> --group_name <subvol_group_name>
.. prompt:: bash $
Cloned subvolumes can be a part of a different group than the source snapshot (by default, cloned subvolumes are created in default group). To clone to a particular group use::
ceph fs subvolume snapshot clone <vol_name> <subvol_name> <snap_name> <target_subvol_name>
If a snapshot (source subvolume) is a part of non-default group, the group name
needs to be specified:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph fs subvolume snapshot clone <vol_name> <subvol_name> <snap_name> <target_subvol_name> --group_name <subvol_group_name>
Cloned subvolumes can be a part of a different group than the source snapshot
(by default, cloned subvolumes are created in default group). To clone to a
particular group use:
.. prompt:: bash $
$ ceph fs subvolume snapshot clone <vol_name> <subvol_name> <snap_name> <target_subvol_name> --target_group_name <subvol_group_name>
Similar to specifying a pool layout when creating a subvolume, pool layout can be specified when creating a cloned subvolume. To create a cloned subvolume with a specific pool layout use::
Similar to specifying a pool layout when creating a subvolume, pool layout can
be specified when creating a cloned subvolume. To create a cloned subvolume
with a specific pool layout use:
$ ceph fs subvolume snapshot clone <vol_name> <subvol_name> <snap_name> <target_subvol_name> --pool_layout <pool_layout>
.. prompt:: bash $
Configure the maximum number of concurrent clones. The default is 4::
ceph fs subvolume snapshot clone <vol_name> <subvol_name> <snap_name> <target_subvol_name> --pool_layout <pool_layout>
$ ceph config set mgr mgr/volumes/max_concurrent_clones <value>
Configure the maximum number of concurrent clones. The default is 4:
To check the status of a clone operation use::
.. prompt:: bash $
$ ceph fs clone status <vol_name> <clone_name> [--group_name <group_name>]
ceph config set mgr mgr/volumes/max_concurrent_clones <value>
To check the status of a clone operation use:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph fs clone status <vol_name> <clone_name> [--group_name <group_name>]
A clone can be in one of the following states:
@ -538,7 +655,8 @@ Here is an example of an ``in-progress`` clone::
}
}
.. note:: The ``failure`` section will be shown only if the clone's state is ``failed`` or ``cancelled``
.. note:: The ``failure`` section will be shown only if the clone's state is
``failed`` or ``cancelled``
Here is an example of a ``failed`` clone::
@ -560,9 +678,11 @@ Here is an example of a ``failed`` clone::
}
}
(NOTE: since ``subvol1`` is in the default group, the ``source`` object's ``clone status`` does not include the group name)
(NOTE: since ``subvol1`` is in the default group, the ``source`` object's
``clone status`` does not include the group name)
.. note:: Cloned subvolumes are accessible only after the clone operation has successfully completed.
.. note:: Cloned subvolumes are accessible only after the clone operation has
successfully completed.
After a successful clone operation, ``clone status`` will look like the below::
@ -576,37 +696,47 @@ After a successful clone operation, ``clone status`` will look like the below::
If a clone operation is unsuccessful, the ``state`` value will be ``failed``.
To retry a failed clone operation, the incomplete clone must be deleted and the
clone operation must be issued again. To delete a partial clone use::
clone operation must be issued again. To delete a partial clone use:
$ ceph fs subvolume rm <vol_name> <clone_name> [--group_name <group_name>] --force
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph fs subvolume rm <vol_name> <clone_name> [--group_name <group_name>] --force
.. note:: Cloning synchronizes only directories, regular files and symbolic
links. Inode timestamps (access and modification times) are synchronized up
to seconds granularity.
An ``in-progress`` or a ``pending`` clone operation may be canceled. To cancel
a clone operation use the ``clone cancel`` command::
a clone operation use the ``clone cancel`` command:
$ ceph fs clone cancel <vol_name> <clone_name> [--group_name <group_name>]
.. prompt:: bash $
On successful cancellation, the cloned subvolume is moved to the ``canceled``
state::
ceph fs clone cancel <vol_name> <clone_name> [--group_name <group_name>]
$ ceph fs subvolume snapshot clone cephfs subvol1 snap1 clone1
$ ceph fs clone cancel cephfs clone1
$ ceph fs clone status cephfs clone1
{
"status": {
"state": "canceled",
"source": {
"volume": "cephfs",
"subvolume": "subvol1",
"snapshot": "snap1"
}
On successful cancellation, the cloned subvolume is moved to the ``canceled`` state:
.. prompt:: bash #
ceph fs subvolume snapshot clone cephfs subvol1 snap1 clone1
ceph fs clone cancel cephfs clone1
ceph fs clone status cephfs clone1
::
{
"status": {
"state": "canceled",
"source": {
"volume": "cephfs",
"subvolume": "subvol1",
"snapshot": "snap1"
}
}
}
}
.. note:: The canceled cloned may be deleted by supplying the ``--force`` option to the `fs subvolume rm` command.
.. note:: The canceled cloned may be deleted by supplying the ``--force``
option to the `fs subvolume rm` command.
.. _subvol-pinning:
@ -614,28 +744,33 @@ state::
Pinning Subvolumes and Subvolume Groups
---------------------------------------
Subvolumes and subvolume groups may be automatically pinned to ranks according
to policies. This can distribute load across MDS ranks in predictable and
stable ways. Review :ref:`cephfs-pinning` and :ref:`cephfs-ephemeral-pinning`
for details on how pinning works.
Pinning is configured by::
Pinning is configured by:
$ ceph fs subvolumegroup pin <vol_name> <group_name> <pin_type> <pin_setting>
.. prompt:: bash $
or for subvolumes::
ceph fs subvolumegroup pin <vol_name> <group_name> <pin_type> <pin_setting>
$ ceph fs subvolume pin <vol_name> <group_name> <pin_type> <pin_setting>
or for subvolumes:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph fs subvolume pin <vol_name> <group_name> <pin_type> <pin_setting>
Typically you will want to set subvolume group pins. The ``pin_type`` may be
one of ``export``, ``distributed``, or ``random``. The ``pin_setting``
corresponds to the extended attributed "value" as in the pinning documentation
referenced above.
So, for example, setting a distributed pinning strategy on a subvolume group::
So, for example, setting a distributed pinning strategy on a subvolume group:
$ ceph fs subvolumegroup pin cephfilesystem-a csi distributed 1
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph fs subvolumegroup pin cephfilesystem-a csi distributed 1
Will enable distributed subtree partitioning policy for the "csi" subvolume
group. This will cause every subvolume within the group to be automatically

16
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@ -123,7 +123,9 @@ other daemons, please see :ref:`health-checks`.
from properly cleaning up resources used by client requests. This message
appears if a client appears to have more than ``max_completed_requests``
(default 100000) requests that are complete on the MDS side but haven't
yet been accounted for in the client's *oldest tid* value.
yet been accounted for in the client's *oldest tid* value. The last tid
used by the MDS to trim completed client requests (or flush) is included
as part of `session ls` (or `client ls`) command as a debug aid.
* ``MDS_DAMAGE``
Message
@ -168,3 +170,15 @@ other daemons, please see :ref:`health-checks`.
the actual cache size (in memory) is at least 50% greater than
``mds_cache_memory_limit`` (default 1GB). Modify ``mds_health_cache_threshold``
to set the warning ratio.
* ``MDS_CLIENTS_LAGGY``
Message
"Client *ID* is laggy; not evicted because some OSD(s) is/are laggy"
Description
If OSD(s) is laggy (due to certain conditions like network cut-off, etc)
then it might make clients laggy(session might get idle or cannot flush
dirty data for cap revokes). If ``defer_client_eviction_on_laggy_osds`` is
set to true (default true), client eviction will not take place and thus
this health warning will be generated.

19
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@ -501,6 +501,25 @@
:Type: 32-bit Integer
:Default: ``0``
``mds_inject_skip_replaying_inotable``
:Description: Ceph will skip replaying the inotable when replaying the journal,
and the premary MDS will crash, while the replacing MDS won't.
(for developers only).
:Type: Boolean
:Default: ``false``
``mds_kill_skip_replaying_inotable``
:Description: Ceph will skip replaying the inotable when replaying the journal,
and the premary MDS will crash, while the replacing MDS won't.
(for developers only).
:Type: Boolean
:Default: ``false``
``mds_wipe_sessions``

3
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@ -53,7 +53,8 @@ If you have more than one FS on your Ceph cluster, use the option
ceph-fuse --id foo --client_fs mycephfs2 /mnt/mycephfs2
You may also add a ``client_fs`` setting to your ``ceph.conf``
You may also add a ``client_fs`` setting to your ``ceph.conf``. Alternatively, the option
``--client_mds_namespace`` is supported for backward compatibility.
Unmounting CephFS
=================

22
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@ -96,6 +96,28 @@ non-default FS as follows::
mount -t ceph :/ /mnt/mycephfs2 -o name=fs,fs=mycephfs2
Backward Compatibility
======================
The old syntax is supported for backward compatibility.
To mount CephFS with the kernel driver::
mkdir /mnt/mycephfs
mount -t ceph :/ /mnt/mycephfs -o name=admin
The key-value argument right after option ``-o`` is CephX credential;
``name`` is the username of the CephX user we are using to mount CephFS.
To mount a non-default FS ``cephfs2``, in case the cluster has multiple FSs::
mount -t ceph :/ /mnt/mycephfs -o name=admin,fs=cephfs2
or
mount -t ceph :/ /mnt/mycephfs -o name=admin,mds_namespace=cephfs2
.. note:: The option ``mds_namespace`` is deprecated. Use ``fs=`` instead when using the old syntax for mounting.
Unmounting CephFS
=================
To unmount the Ceph file system, use the ``umount`` command as usual::

12
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@ -60,6 +60,18 @@ added as comments in the sample conf. There are options to do the following:
- enable read delegations (need at least v13.0.1 'libcephfs2' package
and v2.6.0 stable 'nfs-ganesha' and 'nfs-ganesha-ceph' packages)
.. important::
Under certain conditions, NFS access using the CephFS FSAL fails. This
causes an error to be thrown that reads "Input/output error". Under these
circumstances, the application metadata must be set for the CephFS metadata
and CephFS data pools. Do this by running the following command:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph osd pool application set <cephfs_metadata_pool> cephfs <cephfs_data_pool> cephfs
Configuration for libcephfs clients
-----------------------------------

11
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@ -143,3 +143,14 @@ The types of damage that can be reported and repaired by File System Scrub are:
* BACKTRACE : Inode's backtrace in the data pool is corrupted.
Evaluate strays using recursive scrub
=====================================
- In order to evaluate strays i.e. purge stray directories in ``~mdsdir`` use the following command::
ceph tell mds.<fsname>:0 scrub start ~mdsdir recursive
- ``~mdsdir`` is not enqueued by default when scrubbing at the CephFS root. In order to perform stray evaluation
at root, run scrub with flags ``scrub_mdsdir`` and ``recursive``::
ceph tell mds.<fsname>:0 scrub start / recursive,scrub_mdsdir

13
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@ -142,6 +142,19 @@ Examples::
ceph fs snap-schedule retention add / 24h4w # add 24 hourly and 4 weekly to retention
ceph fs snap-schedule retention remove / 7d4w # remove 7 daily and 4 weekly, leaves 24 hourly
.. note: When adding a path to snap-schedule, remember to strip off the mount
point path prefix. Paths to snap-schedule should start at the appropriate
CephFS file system root and not at the host file system root.
e.g. if the Ceph File System is mounted at ``/mnt`` and the path under which
snapshots need to be taken is ``/mnt/some/path`` then the acutal path required
by snap-schedule is only ``/some/path``.
.. note: It should be noted that the "created" field in the snap-schedule status
command output is the timestamp at which the schedule was created. The "created"
timestamp has nothing to do with the creation of actual snapshots. The actual
snapshot creation is accounted for in the "created_count" field, which is a
cumulative count of the total number of snapshots created so far.
Active and inactive schedules
-----------------------------
Snapshot schedules can be added for a path that doesn't exist yet in the

92
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@ -188,6 +188,98 @@ You can enable dynamic debug against the CephFS module.
Please see: https://github.com/ceph/ceph/blob/master/src/script/kcon_all.sh
In-memory Log Dump
==================
In-memory logs can be dumped by setting ``mds_extraordinary_events_dump_interval``
during a lower level debugging (log level < 10). ``mds_extraordinary_events_dump_interval``
is the interval in seconds for dumping the recent in-memory logs when there is an Extra-Ordinary event.
The Extra-Ordinary events are classified as:
* Client Eviction
* Missed Beacon ACK from the monitors
* Missed Internal Heartbeats
In-memory Log Dump is disabled by default to prevent log file bloat in a production environment.
The below commands consecutively enables it::
$ ceph config set mds debug_mds <log_level>/<gather_level>
$ ceph config set mds mds_extraordinary_events_dump_interval <seconds>
The ``log_level`` should be < 10 and ``gather_level`` should be >= 10 to enable in-memory log dump.
When it is enabled, the MDS checks for the extra-ordinary events every
``mds_extraordinary_events_dump_interval`` seconds and if any of them occurs, MDS dumps the
in-memory logs containing the relevant event details in ceph-mds log.
.. note:: For higher log levels (log_level >= 10) there is no reason to dump the In-memory Logs and a
lower gather level (gather_level < 10) is insufficient to gather In-memory Logs. Thus a
log level >=10 or a gather level < 10 in debug_mds would prevent enabling the In-memory Log Dump.
In such cases, when there is a failure it's required to reset the value of
mds_extraordinary_events_dump_interval to 0 before enabling using the above commands.
The In-memory Log Dump can be disabled using::
$ ceph config set mds mds_extraordinary_events_dump_interval 0
Filesystems Become Inaccessible After an Upgrade
================================================
.. note::
You can avoid ``operation not permitted`` errors by running this procedure
before an upgrade. As of May 2023, it seems that ``operation not permitted``
errors of the kind discussed here occur after upgrades after Nautilus
(inclusive).
IF
you have CephFS file systems that have data and metadata pools that were
created by a ``ceph fs new`` command (meaning that they were not created
with the defaults)
OR
you have an existing CephFS file system and are upgrading to a new post-Nautilus
major version of Ceph
THEN
in order for the documented ``ceph fs authorize...`` commands to function as
documented (and to avoid 'operation not permitted' errors when doing file I/O
or similar security-related problems for all users except the ``client.admin``
user), you must first run:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph osd pool application set <your metadata pool name> cephfs metadata <your ceph fs filesystem name>
and
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph osd pool application set <your data pool name> cephfs data <your ceph fs filesystem name>
Otherwise, when the OSDs receive a request to read or write data (not the
directory info, but file data) they will not know which Ceph file system name
to look up. This is true also of pool names, because the 'defaults' themselves
changed in the major releases, from::
data pool=fsname
metadata pool=fsname_metadata
to::
data pool=fsname.data and
metadata pool=fsname.meta
Any setup that used ``client.admin`` for all mounts did not run into this
problem, because the admin key gave blanket permissions.
A temporary fix involves changing mount requests to the 'client.admin' user and
its associated key. A less drastic but half-fix is to change the osd cap for
your user to just ``caps osd = "allow rw"`` and delete ``tag cephfs
data=....``
Reporting Issues
================

3
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@ -87,7 +87,8 @@ Optionals are represented as a presence byte, followed by the item if it exists.
T element[present? 1 : 0]; // Only if present is non-zero.
}
Optionals are used to encode ``boost::optional``.
Optionals are used to encode ``boost::optional`` and, since introducing
C++17 to Ceph, ``std::optional``.
Pair
----

4
ceph/doc/dev/osd_internals/erasure_coding/jerasure.rst
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@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ jerasure plugin
Introduction
------------
The parameters interpreted by the jerasure plugin are:
The parameters interpreted by the ``jerasure`` plugin are:
::
@ -31,3 +31,5 @@ upstream repositories `http://jerasure.org/jerasure/jerasure
`http://jerasure.org/jerasure/gf-complete
<http://jerasure.org/jerasure/gf-complete>`_ . The difference
between the two, if any, should match pull requests against upstream.
Note that as of 2023, the ``jerasure.org`` web site may no longer be
legitimate and/or associated with the original project.

93
ceph/doc/dev/osd_internals/past_intervals.rst Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
=============
PastIntervals
=============
Purpose
-------
There are two situations where we need to consider the set of all acting-set
OSDs for a PG back to some epoch ``e``:
* During peering, we need to consider the acting set for every epoch back to
``last_epoch_started``, the last epoch in which the PG completed peering and
became active.
(see :doc:`/dev/osd_internals/last_epoch_started` for a detailed explanation)
* During recovery, we need to consider the acting set for every epoch back to
``last_epoch_clean``, the last epoch at which all of the OSDs in the acting
set were fully recovered, and the acting set was full.
For either of these purposes, we could build such a set by iterating backwards
from the current OSDMap to the relevant epoch. Instead, we maintain a structure
PastIntervals for each PG.
An ``interval`` is a contiguous sequence of OSDMap epochs where the PG mapping
didn't change. This includes changes to the acting set, the up set, the
primary, and several other parameters fully spelled out in
PastIntervals::check_new_interval.
Maintenance and Trimming
------------------------
The PastIntervals structure stores a record for each ``interval`` back to
last_epoch_clean. On each new ``interval`` (See AdvMap reactions,
PeeringState::should_restart_peering, and PeeringState::start_peering_interval)
each OSD with the PG will add the new ``interval`` to its local PastIntervals.
Activation messages to OSDs which do not already have the PG contain the
sender's PastIntervals so that the recipient needn't rebuild it. (See
PeeringState::activate needs_past_intervals).
PastIntervals are trimmed in two places. First, when the primary marks the
PG clean, it clears its past_intervals instance
(PeeringState::try_mark_clean()). The replicas will do the same thing when
they receive the info (See PeeringState::update_history).
The second, more complex, case is in PeeringState::start_peering_interval. In
the event of a "map gap", we assume that the PG actually has gone clean, but we
haven't received a pg_info_t with the updated ``last_epoch_clean`` value yet.
To explain this behavior, we need to discuss OSDMap trimming.
OSDMap Trimming
---------------
OSDMaps are created by the Monitor quorum and gossiped out to the OSDs. The
Monitor cluster also determines when OSDs (and the Monitors) are allowed to
trim old OSDMap epochs. For the reasons explained above in this document, the
primary constraint is that we must retain all OSDMaps back to some epoch such
that all PGs have been clean at that or a later epoch (min_last_epoch_clean).
(See OSDMonitor::get_trim_to).
The Monitor quorum determines min_last_epoch_clean through MOSDBeacon messages
sent periodically by each OSDs. Each message contains a set of PGs for which
the OSD is primary at that moment as well as the min_last_epoch_clean across
that set. The Monitors track these values in OSDMonitor::last_epoch_clean.
There is a subtlety in the min_last_epoch_clean value used by the OSD to
populate the MOSDBeacon. OSD::collect_pg_stats invokes PG::with_pg_stats to
obtain the lec value, which actually uses
pg_stat_t::get_effective_last_epoch_clean() rather than
info.history.last_epoch_clean. If the PG is currently clean,
pg_stat_t::get_effective_last_epoch_clean() is the current epoch rather than
last_epoch_clean -- this works because the PG is clean at that epoch and it
allows OSDMaps to be trimmed during periods where OSDMaps are being created
(due to snapshot activity, perhaps), but no PGs are undergoing ``interval``
changes.
Back to PastIntervals
---------------------
We can now understand our second trimming case above. If OSDMaps have been
trimmed up to epoch ``e``, we know that the PG must have been clean at some epoch
>= ``e`` (indeed, **all** PGs must have been), so we can drop our PastIntevals.
This dependency also pops up in PeeringState::check_past_interval_bounds().
PeeringState::get_required_past_interval_bounds takes as a parameter
oldest_epoch, which comes from OSDSuperblock::cluster_osdmap_trim_lower_bound.
We use cluster_osdmap_trim_lower_bound rather than a specific osd's oldest_map
because we don't necessarily trim all MOSDMap::cluster_osdmap_trim_lower_bound.
In order to avoid doing too much work at once we limit the amount of osdmaps
trimmed using ``osd_target_transaction_size`` in OSD::trim_maps().
For this reason, a specific OSD's oldest_map can lag behind
OSDSuperblock::cluster_osdmap_trim_lower_bound
for a while.
See https://tracker.ceph.com/issues/49689 for an example.

13
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@ -12,12 +12,13 @@
:ref:`BlueStore<rados_config_storage_devices_bluestore>`
OSD BlueStore is a storage back end used by OSD daemons, and
was designed specifically for use with Ceph. BlueStore was
introduced in the Ceph Kraken release. In the Ceph Luminous
release, BlueStore became Ceph's default storage back end,
supplanting FileStore. Unlike :term:`filestore`, BlueStore
stores objects directly on Ceph block devices without any file
system interface. Since Luminous (12.2), BlueStore has been
Ceph's default and recommended storage back end.
introduced in the Ceph Kraken release. The Luminous release of
Ceph promoted BlueStore to the default OSD back end,
supplanting FileStore. As of the Reef release, FileStore is no
longer available as a storage backend.
BlueStore stores objects directly on Ceph block devices without
a mounted file system.
Bucket
In the context of :term:`RGW`, a bucket is a group of objects.

6
ceph/doc/index.rst
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@ -11,6 +11,12 @@ Ceph delivers **object, block, and file storage in one unified system**.
Ceph project. (Click anywhere in this paragraph to read the "Basic
Workflow" page of the Ceph Developer Guide.) <basic workflow dev guide>`.
.. note::
:ref:`If you want to make a commit to the documentation but you don't
know how to get started, read the "Documenting Ceph" page. (Click anywhere
in this paragraph to read the "Documenting Ceph" page.) <documenting_ceph>`.
.. raw:: html
<style type="text/css">div.body h3{margin:5px 0px 0px 0px;}</style>

16
ceph/doc/man/8/cephfs-top.rst
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@ -36,6 +36,22 @@ Options
Perform a selftest. This mode performs a sanity check of ``stats`` module.
.. option:: --conffile [CONFFILE]
Path to cluster configuration file
.. option:: -d [DELAY], --delay [DELAY]
Refresh interval in seconds (default: 1)
.. option:: --dump
Dump the metrics to stdout
.. option:: --dumpfs <fs_name>
Dump the metrics of the given filesystem to stdout
Descriptions of fields
======================

10
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@ -110,6 +110,12 @@ Basic
them. If an inode contains any stale file locks, read/write on the inode
is not allowed until applications release all stale file locks.
:command: `fs=<fs-name>`
Specify the non-default file system to be mounted, when using the old syntax.
:command: `mds_namespace=<fs-name>`
A synonym of "fs=" (Deprecated).
Advanced
--------
:command:`cap_release_safety`
@ -236,6 +242,10 @@ history::
mount.ceph :/ /mnt/mycephfs -o name=fs_username,secretfile=/etc/ceph/fs_username.secret
To mount using the old syntax::
mount -t ceph 192.168.0.1:/ /mnt/mycephfs
Availability
============

83
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@ -18,9 +18,11 @@ for all reporting entities are returned in text exposition format.
Enabling prometheus output
==========================
The *prometheus* module is enabled with::
The *prometheus* module is enabled with:
ceph mgr module enable prometheus
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph mgr module enable prometheus
Configuration
-------------
@ -36,10 +38,10 @@ configurable with ``ceph config set``, with keys
is registered with Prometheus's `registry
<https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/wiki/Default-port-allocations>`_.
::
ceph config set mgr mgr/prometheus/server_addr 0.0.0.0
ceph config set mgr mgr/prometheus/server_port 9283
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph config set mgr mgr/prometheus/server_addr 0.0.0.
ceph config set mgr mgr/prometheus/server_port 9283
.. warning::
@ -54,9 +56,11 @@ recommended to use 15 seconds as scrape interval, though, in some cases it
might be useful to increase the scrape interval.
To set a different scrape interval in the Prometheus module, set
``scrape_interval`` to the desired value::
``scrape_interval`` to the desired value:
ceph config set mgr mgr/prometheus/scrape_interval 20
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph config set mgr mgr/prometheus/scrape_interval 20
On large clusters (>1000 OSDs), the time to fetch the metrics may become
significant. Without the cache, the Prometheus manager module could, especially
@ -75,35 +79,47 @@ This behavior can be configured. By default, it will return a 503 HTTP status
code (service unavailable). You can set other options using the ``ceph config
set`` commands.
To tell the module to respond with possibly stale data, set it to ``return``::
To tell the module to respond with possibly stale data, set it to ``return``:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph config set mgr mgr/prometheus/stale_cache_strategy return
To tell the module to respond with "service unavailable", set it to ``fail``::
To tell the module to respond with "service unavailable", set it to ``fail``:
ceph config set mgr mgr/prometheus/stale_cache_strategy fail
.. prompt:: bash $
If you are confident that you don't require the cache, you can disable it::
ceph config set mgr mgr/prometheus/stale_cache_strategy fail
ceph config set mgr mgr/prometheus/cache false
If you are confident that you don't require the cache, you can disable it:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph config set mgr mgr/prometheus/cache false
If you are using the prometheus module behind some kind of reverse proxy or
loadbalancer, you can simplify discovering the active instance by switching
to ``error``-mode::
to ``error``-mode:
ceph config set mgr mgr/prometheus/standby_behaviour error
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph config set mgr mgr/prometheus/standby_behaviour error
If set, the prometheus module will repond with a HTTP error when requesting ``/``
from the standby instance. The default error code is 500, but you can configure
the HTTP response code with::
the HTTP response code with:
ceph config set mgr mgr/prometheus/standby_error_status_code 503
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph config set mgr mgr/prometheus/standby_error_status_code 503
Valid error codes are between 400-599.
To switch back to the default behaviour, simply set the config key to ``default``::
To switch back to the default behaviour, simply set the config key to ``default``:
ceph config set mgr mgr/prometheus/standby_behaviour default
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph config set mgr mgr/prometheus/standby_behaviour default
.. _prometheus-rbd-io-statistics:
@ -154,9 +170,17 @@ configuration parameter. The parameter is a comma or space separated list
of ``pool[/namespace]`` entries. If the namespace is not specified the
statistics are collected for all namespaces in the pool.
Example to activate the RBD-enabled pools ``pool1``, ``pool2`` and ``poolN``::
Example to activate the RBD-enabled pools ``pool1``, ``pool2`` and ``poolN``:
ceph config set mgr mgr/prometheus/rbd_stats_pools "pool1,pool2,poolN"
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph config set mgr mgr/prometheus/rbd_stats_pools "pool1,pool2,poolN"
The wildcard can be used to indicate all pools or namespaces:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph config set mgr mgr/prometheus/rbd_stats_pools "*"
The module makes the list of all available images scanning the specified
pools and namespaces and refreshes it periodically. The period is
@ -165,9 +189,22 @@ parameter (in sec) and is 300 sec (5 minutes) by default. The module will
force refresh earlier if it detects statistics from a previously unknown
RBD image.
Example to turn up the sync interval to 10 minutes::
Example to turn up the sync interval to 10 minutes:
ceph config set mgr mgr/prometheus/rbd_stats_pools_refresh_interval 600
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph config set mgr mgr/prometheus/rbd_stats_pools_refresh_interval 600
Ceph daemon performance counters metrics
-----------------------------------------
With the introduction of ``ceph-exporter`` daemon, the prometheus module will no longer export Ceph daemon
perf counters as prometheus metrics by default. However, one may re-enable exporting these metrics by setting
the module option ``exclude_perf_counters`` to ``false``:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph config set mgr mgr/prometheus/exclude_perf_counters false
Statistic names and labels
==========================

21
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@ -153,3 +153,24 @@ completely optional, and disabled by default.::
ceph config set mgr mgr/telemetry/description 'My first Ceph cluster'
ceph config set mgr mgr/telemetry/channel_ident true
Leaderboard
-----------
To participate in a leaderboard in the `public dashboards
<https://telemetry-public.ceph.com/>`_, run the following command:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph config set mgr mgr/telemetry/leaderboard true
The leaderboard displays basic information about the cluster. This includes the
total storage capacity and the number of OSDs. To add a description of the
cluster, run a command of the following form:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph config set mgr mgr/telemetry/leaderboard_description 'Ceph cluster for Computational Biology at the University of XYZ'
If the ``ident`` channel is enabled, its details will not be displayed in the
leaderboard.

579
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@ -1,84 +1,95 @@
==========================
BlueStore Config Reference
==========================
==================================
BlueStore Configuration Reference
==================================
Devices
=======
BlueStore manages either one, two, or (in certain cases) three storage
devices.
BlueStore manages either one, two, or in certain cases three storage devices.
These *devices* are "devices" in the Linux/Unix sense. This means that they are
assets listed under ``/dev`` or ``/devices``. Each of these devices may be an
entire storage drive, or a partition of a storage drive, or a logical volume.
BlueStore does not create or mount a conventional file system on devices that
it uses; BlueStore reads and writes to the devices directly in a "raw" fashion.
In the simplest case, BlueStore consumes a single (primary) storage device.
The storage device is normally used as a whole, occupying the full device that
is managed directly by BlueStore. This *primary device* is normally identified
by a ``block`` symlink in the data directory.
In the simplest case, BlueStore consumes all of a single storage device. This
device is known as the *primary device*. The primary device is identified by
the ``block`` symlink in the data directory.
The data directory is a ``tmpfs`` mount which gets populated (at boot time, or
when ``ceph-volume`` activates it) with all the common OSD files that hold
information about the OSD, like: its identifier, which cluster it belongs to,
and its private keyring.
The data directory is a ``tmpfs`` mount. When this data directory is booted or
activated by ``ceph-volume``, it is populated with metadata files and links
that hold information about the OSD: for example, the OSD's identifier, the
name of the cluster that the OSD belongs to, and the OSD's private keyring.
It is also possible to deploy BlueStore across one or two additional devices:
In more complicated cases, BlueStore is deployed across one or two additional
devices:
* A *write-ahead log (WAL) device* (identified as ``block.wal`` in the data directory) can be
used for BlueStore's internal journal or write-ahead log. It is only useful
to use a WAL device if the device is faster than the primary device (e.g.,
when it is on an SSD and the primary device is an HDD).
* A *write-ahead log (WAL) device* (identified as ``block.wal`` in the data
directory) can be used to separate out BlueStore's internal journal or
write-ahead log. Using a WAL device is advantageous only if the WAL device
is faster than the primary device (for example, if the WAL device is an SSD
and the primary device is an HDD).
* A *DB device* (identified as ``block.db`` in the data directory) can be used
for storing BlueStore's internal metadata. BlueStore (or rather, the
embedded RocksDB) will put as much metadata as it can on the DB device to
improve performance. If the DB device fills up, metadata will spill back
onto the primary device (where it would have been otherwise). Again, it is
only helpful to provision a DB device if it is faster than the primary
device.
to store BlueStore's internal metadata. BlueStore (or more precisely, the
embedded RocksDB) will put as much metadata as it can on the DB device in
order to improve performance. If the DB device becomes full, metadata will
spill back onto the primary device (where it would have been located in the
absence of the DB device). Again, it is advantageous to provision a DB device
only if it is faster than the primary device.
If there is only a small amount of fast storage available (e.g., less
than a gigabyte), we recommend using it as a WAL device. If there is
more, provisioning a DB device makes more sense. The BlueStore
journal will always be placed on the fastest device available, so
using a DB device will provide the same benefit that the WAL device
would while *also* allowing additional metadata to be stored there (if
it will fit). This means that if a DB device is specified but an explicit
WAL device is not, the WAL will be implicitly colocated with the DB on the faster
device.
If there is only a small amount of fast storage available (for example, less
than a gigabyte), we recommend using the available space as a WAL device. But
if more fast storage is available, it makes more sense to provision a DB
device. Because the BlueStore journal is always placed on the fastest device
available, using a DB device provides the same benefit that using a WAL device
would, while *also* allowing additional metadata to be stored off the primary
device (provided that it fits). DB devices make this possible because whenever
a DB device is specified but an explicit WAL device is not, the WAL will be
implicitly colocated with the DB on the faster device.
A single-device (colocated) BlueStore OSD can be provisioned with:
To provision a single-device (colocated) BlueStore OSD, run the following
command:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph-volume lvm prepare --bluestore --data <device>
To specify a WAL device and/or DB device:
To specify a WAL device or DB device, run the following command:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph-volume lvm prepare --bluestore --data <device> --block.wal <wal-device> --block.db <db-device>
.. note:: ``--data`` can be a Logical Volume using *vg/lv* notation. Other
devices can be existing logical volumes or GPT partitions.
.. note:: The option ``--data`` can take as its argument any of the the
following devices: logical volumes specified using *vg/lv* notation,
existing logical volumes, and GPT partitions.
Provisioning strategies
-----------------------
Although there are multiple ways to deploy a BlueStore OSD (unlike Filestore
which had just one), there are two common arrangements that should help clarify
the deployment strategy:
BlueStore differs from Filestore in that there are several ways to deploy a
BlueStore OSD. However, the overall deployment strategy for BlueStore can be
clarified by examining just these two common arrangements:
.. _bluestore-single-type-device-config:
**block (data) only**
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
If all devices are the same type, for example all rotational drives, and
there are no fast devices to use for metadata, it makes sense to specify the
block device only and to not separate ``block.db`` or ``block.wal``. The
:ref:`ceph-volume-lvm` command for a single ``/dev/sda`` device looks like:
If all devices are of the same type (for example, they are all HDDs), and if
there are no fast devices available for the storage of metadata, then it makes
sense to specify the block device only and to leave ``block.db`` and
``block.wal`` unseparated. The :ref:`ceph-volume-lvm` command for a single
``/dev/sda`` device is as follows:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph-volume lvm create --bluestore --data /dev/sda
If logical volumes have already been created for each device, (a single LV
using 100% of the device), then the :ref:`ceph-volume-lvm` call for an LV named
``ceph-vg/block-lv`` would look like:
If the devices to be used for a BlueStore OSD are pre-created logical volumes,
then the :ref:`ceph-volume-lvm` call for an logical volume named
``ceph-vg/block-lv`` is as follows:
.. prompt:: bash $
@ -88,15 +99,18 @@ using 100% of the device), then the :ref:`ceph-volume-lvm` call for an LV named
**block and block.db**
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
If you have a mix of fast and slow devices (SSD / NVMe and rotational),
it is recommended to place ``block.db`` on the faster device while ``block``
(data) lives on the slower (spinning drive).
You must create these volume groups and logical volumes manually as
the ``ceph-volume`` tool is currently not able to do so automatically.
If you have a mix of fast and slow devices (for example, SSD or HDD), then we
recommend placing ``block.db`` on the faster device while ``block`` (that is,
the data) is stored on the slower device (that is, the rotational drive).
For the below example, let us assume four rotational (``sda``, ``sdb``, ``sdc``, and ``sdd``)
and one (fast) solid state drive (``sdx``). First create the volume groups:
You must create these volume groups and these logical volumes manually. as The
``ceph-volume`` tool is currently unable to do so [create them?] automatically.
The following procedure illustrates the manual creation of volume groups and
logical volumes. For this example, we shall assume four rotational drives
(``sda``, ``sdb``, ``sdc``, and ``sdd``) and one (fast) SSD (``sdx``). First,
to create the volume groups, run the following commands:
.. prompt:: bash $
@ -105,7 +119,7 @@ and one (fast) solid state drive (``sdx``). First create the volume groups:
vgcreate ceph-block-2 /dev/sdc
vgcreate ceph-block-3 /dev/sdd
Now create the logical volumes for ``block``:
Next, to create the logical volumes for ``block``, run the following commands:
.. prompt:: bash $
@ -114,8 +128,9 @@ Now create the logical volumes for ``block``:
lvcreate -l 100%FREE -n block-2 ceph-block-2
lvcreate -l 100%FREE -n block-3 ceph-block-3
We are creating 4 OSDs for the four slow spinning devices, so assuming a 200GB
SSD in ``/dev/sdx`` we will create 4 logical volumes, each of 50GB:
Because there are four HDDs, there will be four OSDs. Supposing that there is a
200GB SSD in ``/dev/sdx``, we can create four 50GB logical volumes by running
the following commands:
.. prompt:: bash $
@ -125,7 +140,7 @@ SSD in ``/dev/sdx`` we will create 4 logical volumes, each of 50GB:
lvcreate -L 50GB -n db-2 ceph-db-0
lvcreate -L 50GB -n db-3 ceph-db-0
Finally, create the 4 OSDs with ``ceph-volume``:
Finally, to create the four OSDs, run the following commands:
.. prompt:: bash $
@ -134,149 +149,153 @@ Finally, create the 4 OSDs with ``ceph-volume``:
ceph-volume lvm create --bluestore --data ceph-block-2/block-2 --block.db ceph-db-0/db-2
ceph-volume lvm create --bluestore --data ceph-block-3/block-3 --block.db ceph-db-0/db-3
These operations should end up creating four OSDs, with ``block`` on the slower
rotational drives with a 50 GB logical volume (DB) for each on the solid state
drive.
After this procedure is finished, there should be four OSDs, ``block`` should
be on the four HDDs, and each HDD should have a 50GB logical volume
(specifically, a DB device) on the shared SSD.
Sizing
======
When using a :ref:`mixed spinning and solid drive setup
<bluestore-mixed-device-config>` it is important to make a large enough
``block.db`` logical volume for BlueStore. Generally, ``block.db`` should have
*as large as possible* logical volumes.
When using a :ref:`mixed spinning-and-solid-drive setup
<bluestore-mixed-device-config>`, it is important to make a large enough
``block.db`` logical volume for BlueStore. The logical volumes associated with
``block.db`` should have logical volumes that are *as large as possible*.
The general recommendation is to have ``block.db`` size in between 1% to 4%
of ``block`` size. For RGW workloads, it is recommended that the ``block.db``
size isn't smaller than 4% of ``block``, because RGW heavily uses it to store
metadata (omap keys). For example, if the ``block`` size is 1TB, then ``block.db`` shouldn't
be less than 40GB. For RBD workloads, 1% to 2% of ``block`` size is usually enough.
It is generally recommended that the size of ``block.db`` be somewhere between
1% and 4% of the size of ``block``. For RGW workloads, it is recommended that
the ``block.db`` be at least 4% of the ``block`` size, because RGW makes heavy
use of ``block.db`` to store metadata (in particular, omap keys). For example,
if the ``block`` size is 1TB, then ``block.db`` should have a size of at least
40GB. For RBD workloads, however, ``block.db`` usually needs no more than 1% to
2% of the ``block`` size.
In older releases, internal level sizes mean that the DB can fully utilize only
specific partition / LV sizes that correspond to sums of L0, L0+L1, L1+L2,
etc. sizes, which with default settings means roughly 3 GB, 30 GB, 300 GB, and
so forth. Most deployments will not substantially benefit from sizing to
accommodate L3 and higher, though DB compaction can be facilitated by doubling
these figures to 6GB, 60GB, and 600GB.
In older releases, internal level sizes are such that the DB can fully utilize
only those specific partition / logical volume sizes that correspond to sums of
L0, L0+L1, L1+L2, and so on--that is, given default settings, sizes of roughly
3GB, 30GB, 300GB, and so on. Most deployments do not substantially benefit from
sizing that accommodates L3 and higher, though DB compaction can be facilitated
by doubling these figures to 6GB, 60GB, and 600GB.
Improvements in releases beginning with Nautilus 14.2.12 and Octopus 15.2.6
enable better utilization of arbitrary DB device sizes, and the Pacific
release brings experimental dynamic level support. Users of older releases may
thus wish to plan ahead by provisioning larger DB devices today so that their
benefits may be realized with future upgrades.
When *not* using a mix of fast and slow devices, it isn't required to create
separate logical volumes for ``block.db`` (or ``block.wal``). BlueStore will
automatically colocate these within the space of ``block``.
Improvements in Nautilus 14.2.12, Octopus 15.2.6, and subsequent releases allow
for better utilization of arbitrarily-sized DB devices. Moreover, the Pacific
release brings experimental dynamic-level support. Because of these advances,
users of older releases might want to plan ahead by provisioning larger DB
devices today so that the benefits of scale can be realized when upgrades are
made in the future.
When *not* using a mix of fast and slow devices, there is no requirement to
create separate logical volumes for ``block.db`` or ``block.wal``. BlueStore
will automatically colocate these devices within the space of ``block``.
Automatic Cache Sizing
======================
BlueStore can be configured to automatically resize its caches when TCMalloc
is configured as the memory allocator and the ``bluestore_cache_autotune``
setting is enabled. This option is currently enabled by default. BlueStore
will attempt to keep OSD heap memory usage under a designated target size via
the ``osd_memory_target`` configuration option. This is a best effort
algorithm and caches will not shrink smaller than the amount specified by
``osd_memory_cache_min``. Cache ratios will be chosen based on a hierarchy
of priorities. If priority information is not available, the
``bluestore_cache_meta_ratio`` and ``bluestore_cache_kv_ratio`` options are
used as fallbacks.
BlueStore can be configured to automatically resize its caches, provided that
certain conditions are met: TCMalloc must be configured as the memory allocator
and the ``bluestore_cache_autotune`` configuration option must be enabled (note
that it is currently enabled by default). When automatic cache sizing is in
effect, BlueStore attempts to keep OSD heap-memory usage under a certain target
size (as determined by ``osd_memory_target``). This approach makes use of a
best-effort algorithm and caches do not shrink smaller than the size defined by
the value of ``osd_memory_cache_min``. Cache ratios are selected in accordance
with a hierarchy of priorities. But if priority information is not available,
the values specified in the ``bluestore_cache_meta_ratio`` and
``bluestore_cache_kv_ratio`` options are used as fallback cache ratios.
Manual Cache Sizing
===================
The amount of memory consumed by each OSD for BlueStore caches is
determined by the ``bluestore_cache_size`` configuration option. If
that config option is not set (i.e., remains at 0), there is a
different default value that is used depending on whether an HDD or
SSD is used for the primary device (set by the
``bluestore_cache_size_ssd`` and ``bluestore_cache_size_hdd`` config
options).
The amount of memory consumed by each OSD to be used for its BlueStore cache is
determined by the ``bluestore_cache_size`` configuration option. If that option
has not been specified (that is, if it remains at 0), then Ceph uses a
different configuration option to determine the default memory budget:
``bluestore_cache_size_hdd`` if the primary device is an HDD, or
``bluestore_cache_size_ssd`` if the primary device is an SSD.
BlueStore and the rest of the Ceph OSD daemon do the best they can
to work within this memory budget. Note that on top of the configured
cache size, there is also memory consumed by the OSD itself, and
some additional utilization due to memory fragmentation and other
allocator overhead.
BlueStore and the rest of the Ceph OSD daemon make every effort to work within
this memory budget. Note that in addition to the configured cache size, there
is also memory consumed by the OSD itself. There is additional utilization due
to memory fragmentation and other allocator overhead.
The configured cache memory budget can be used in a few different ways:
The configured cache-memory budget can be used to store the following types of
things:
* Key/Value metadata (i.e., RocksDB's internal cache)
* Key/Value metadata (that is, RocksDB's internal cache)
* BlueStore metadata
* BlueStore data (i.e., recently read or written object data)
* BlueStore data (that is, recently read or recently written object data)
Cache memory usage is governed by the following options:
``bluestore_cache_meta_ratio`` and ``bluestore_cache_kv_ratio``.
The fraction of the cache devoted to data
is governed by the effective bluestore cache size (depending on
``bluestore_cache_size[_ssd|_hdd]`` settings and the device class of the primary
device) as well as the meta and kv ratios.
The data fraction can be calculated by
``<effective_cache_size> * (1 - bluestore_cache_meta_ratio - bluestore_cache_kv_ratio)``
Cache memory usage is governed by the configuration options
``bluestore_cache_meta_ratio`` and ``bluestore_cache_kv_ratio``. The fraction
of the cache that is reserved for data is governed by both the effective
BlueStore cache size (which depends on the relevant
``bluestore_cache_size[_ssd|_hdd]`` option and the device class of the primary
device) and the "meta" and "kv" ratios. This data fraction can be calculated
with the following formula: ``<effective_cache_size> * (1 -
bluestore_cache_meta_ratio - bluestore_cache_kv_ratio)``.
Checksums
=========
BlueStore checksums all metadata and data written to disk. Metadata
checksumming is handled by RocksDB and uses `crc32c`. Data
checksumming is done by BlueStore and can make use of `crc32c`,
`xxhash32`, or `xxhash64`. The default is `crc32c` and should be
suitable for most purposes.
BlueStore checksums all metadata and all data written to disk. Metadata
checksumming is handled by RocksDB and uses the `crc32c` algorithm. By
contrast, data checksumming is handled by BlueStore and can use either
`crc32c`, `xxhash32`, or `xxhash64`. Nonetheless, `crc32c` is the default
checksum algorithm and it is suitable for most purposes.
Full data checksumming does increase the amount of metadata that
BlueStore must store and manage. When possible, e.g., when clients
hint that data is written and read sequentially, BlueStore will
checksum larger blocks, but in many cases it must store a checksum
value (usually 4 bytes) for every 4 kilobyte block of data.
Full data checksumming increases the amount of metadata that BlueStore must
store and manage. Whenever possible (for example, when clients hint that data
is written and read sequentially), BlueStore will checksum larger blocks. In
many cases, however, it must store a checksum value (usually 4 bytes) for every
4 KB block of data.
It is possible to use a smaller checksum value by truncating the
checksum to two or one byte, reducing the metadata overhead. The
trade-off is that the probability that a random error will not be
detected is higher with a smaller checksum, going from about one in
four billion with a 32-bit (4 byte) checksum to one in 65,536 for a
16-bit (2 byte) checksum or one in 256 for an 8-bit (1 byte) checksum.
The smaller checksum values can be used by selecting `crc32c_16` or
`crc32c_8` as the checksum algorithm.
It is possible to obtain a smaller checksum value by truncating the checksum to
one or two bytes and reducing the metadata overhead. A drawback of this
approach is that it increases the probability of a random error going
undetected: about one in four billion given a 32-bit (4 byte) checksum, 1 in
65,536 given a 16-bit (2 byte) checksum, and 1 in 256 given an 8-bit (1 byte)
checksum. To use the smaller checksum values, select `crc32c_16` or `crc32c_8`
as the checksum algorithm.
The *checksum algorithm* can be set either via a per-pool
``csum_type`` property or the global config option. For example:
The *checksum algorithm* can be specified either via a per-pool ``csum_type``
configuration option or via the global configuration option. For example:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph osd pool set <pool-name> csum_type <algorithm>
Inline Compression
==================
BlueStore supports inline compression using `snappy`, `zlib`, or
`lz4`. Please note that the `lz4` compression plugin is not
distributed in the official release.
BlueStore supports inline compression using `snappy`, `zlib`, `lz4`, or `zstd`.
Whether data in BlueStore is compressed is determined by a combination
of the *compression mode* and any hints associated with a write
operation. The modes are:
Whether data in BlueStore is compressed is determined by two factors: (1) the
*compression mode* and (2) any client hints associated with a write operation.
The compression modes are as follows:
* **none**: Never compress data.
* **passive**: Do not compress data unless the write operation has a
*compressible* hint set.
* **aggressive**: Compress data unless the write operation has an
* **aggressive**: Do compress data unless the write operation has an
*incompressible* hint set.
* **force**: Try to compress data no matter what.
For more information about the *compressible* and *incompressible* IO
hints, see :c:func:`rados_set_alloc_hint`.
For more information about the *compressible* and *incompressible* I/O hints,
see :c:func:`rados_set_alloc_hint`.
Note that regardless of the mode, if the size of the data chunk is not
reduced sufficiently it will not be used and the original
(uncompressed) data will be stored. For example, if the ``bluestore
compression required ratio`` is set to ``.7`` then the compressed data
must be 70% of the size of the original (or smaller).
Note that data in Bluestore will be compressed only if the data chunk will be
sufficiently reduced in size (as determined by the ``bluestore compression
required ratio`` setting). No matter which compression modes have been used, if
the data chunk is too big, then it will be discarded and the original
(uncompressed) data will be stored instead. For example, if ``bluestore
compression required ratio`` is set to ``.7``, then data compression will take
place only if the size of the compressed data is no more than 70% of the size
of the original data.
The *compression mode*, *compression algorithm*, *compression required
ratio*, *min blob size*, and *max blob size* can be set either via a
per-pool property or a global config option. Pool properties can be
set with:
The *compression mode*, *compression algorithm*, *compression required ratio*,
*min blob size*, and *max blob size* settings can be specified either via a
per-pool property or via a global config option. To specify pool properties,
run the following commands:
.. prompt:: bash $
@ -291,192 +310,202 @@ set with:
RocksDB Sharding
================
Internally BlueStore uses multiple types of key-value data,
stored in RocksDB. Each data type in BlueStore is assigned a
unique prefix. Until Pacific all key-value data was stored in
single RocksDB column family: 'default'. Since Pacific,
BlueStore can divide this data into multiple RocksDB column
families. When keys have similar access frequency, modification
frequency and lifetime, BlueStore benefits from better caching
and more precise compaction. This improves performance, and also
requires less disk space during compaction, since each column
family is smaller and can compact independent of others.
BlueStore maintains several types of internal key-value data, all of which are
stored in RocksDB. Each data type in BlueStore is assigned a unique prefix.
Prior to the Pacific release, all key-value data was stored in a single RocksDB
column family: 'default'. In Pacific and later releases, however, BlueStore can
divide key-value data into several RocksDB column families. BlueStore achieves
better caching and more precise compaction when keys are similar: specifically,
when keys have similar access frequency, similar modification frequency, and a
similar lifetime. Under such conditions, performance is improved and less disk
space is required during compaction (because each column family is smaller and
is able to compact independently of the others).
OSDs deployed in Pacific or later use RocksDB sharding by default.
If Ceph is upgraded to Pacific from a previous version, sharding is off.
OSDs deployed in Pacific or later releases use RocksDB sharding by default.
However, if Ceph has been upgraded to Pacific or a later version from a
previous version, sharding is disabled on any OSDs that were created before
Pacific.
To enable sharding and apply the Pacific defaults, stop an OSD and run
To enable sharding and apply the Pacific defaults to a specific OSD, stop the
OSD and run the following command:
.. prompt:: bash #
ceph-bluestore-tool \
ceph-bluestore-tool \
--path <data path> \
--sharding="m(3) p(3,0-12) O(3,0-13)=block_cache={type=binned_lru} L P" \
--sharding="m(3) p(3,0-12) o(3,0-13)=block_cache={type=binned_lru} l p" \
reshard
Throttling
SPDK Usage
==========
SPDK Usage
==================
If you want to use the SPDK driver for NVMe devices, you must prepare your system.
Refer to `SPDK document`__ for more details.
To use the SPDK driver for NVMe devices, you must first prepare your system.
See `SPDK document`__.
.. __: http://www.spdk.io/doc/getting_started.html#getting_started_examples
SPDK offers a script to configure the device automatically. Users can run the
script as root:
SPDK offers a script that will configure the device automatically. Run this
script with root permissions:
.. prompt:: bash $
sudo src/spdk/scripts/setup.sh
You will need to specify the subject NVMe device's device selector with
the "spdk:" prefix for ``bluestore_block_path``.
You will need to specify the subject NVMe device's device selector with the
"spdk:" prefix for ``bluestore_block_path``.
For example, you can find the device selector of an Intel PCIe SSD with:
In the following example, you first find the device selector of an Intel NVMe
SSD by running the following command:
.. prompt:: bash $
lspci -mm -n -D -d 8086:0953
lspci -mm -n -d -d 8086:0953
The device selector always has the form of ``DDDD:BB:DD.FF`` or ``DDDD.BB.DD.FF``.
The form of the device selector is either ``DDDD:BB:DD.FF`` or
``DDDD.BB.DD.FF``.
and then set::
Next, supposing that ``0000:01:00.0`` is the device selector found in the
output of the ``lspci`` command, you can specify the device selector by running
the following command::
bluestore_block_path = "spdk:trtype:PCIe traddr:0000:01:00.0"
bluestore_block_path = "spdk:trtype:pcie traddr:0000:01:00.0"
Where ``0000:01:00.0`` is the device selector found in the output of ``lspci``
command above.
You may also specify a remote NVMeoF target over the TCP transport as in the
You may also specify a remote NVMeoF target over the TCP transport, as in the
following example::
bluestore_block_path = "spdk:trtype:TCP traddr:10.67.110.197 trsvcid:4420 subnqn:nqn.2019-02.io.spdk:cnode1"
bluestore_block_path = "spdk:trtype:tcp traddr:10.67.110.197 trsvcid:4420 subnqn:nqn.2019-02.io.spdk:cnode1"
To run multiple SPDK instances per node, you must specify the
amount of dpdk memory in MB that each instance will use, to make sure each
instance uses its own DPDK memory.
To run multiple SPDK instances per node, you must make sure each instance uses
its own DPDK memory by specifying for each instance the amount of DPDK memory
(in MB) that the instance will use.
In most cases, a single device can be used for data, DB, and WAL. We describe
In most cases, a single device can be used for data, DB, and WAL. We describe
this strategy as *colocating* these components. Be sure to enter the below
settings to ensure that all IOs are issued through SPDK.::
settings to ensure that all I/Os are issued through SPDK::
bluestore_block_db_path = ""
bluestore_block_db_size = 0
bluestore_block_wal_path = ""
bluestore_block_wal_size = 0
Otherwise, the current implementation will populate the SPDK map files with
kernel file system symbols and will use the kernel driver to issue DB/WAL IO.
If these settings are not entered, then the current implementation will
populate the SPDK map files with kernel file system symbols and will use the
kernel driver to issue DB/WAL I/Os.
Minimum Allocation Size
========================
=======================
There is a configured minimum amount of storage that BlueStore will allocate on
an OSD. In practice, this is the least amount of capacity that a RADOS object
can consume. The value of `bluestore_min_alloc_size` is derived from the
value of `bluestore_min_alloc_size_hdd` or `bluestore_min_alloc_size_ssd`
depending on the OSD's ``rotational`` attribute. This means that when an OSD
is created on an HDD, BlueStore will be initialized with the current value
of `bluestore_min_alloc_size_hdd`, and SSD OSDs (including NVMe devices)
with the value of `bluestore_min_alloc_size_ssd`.
There is a configured minimum amount of storage that BlueStore allocates on an
underlying storage device. In practice, this is the least amount of capacity
that even a tiny RADOS object can consume on each OSD's primary device. The
configuration option in question-- ``bluestore_min_alloc_size`` --derives
its value from the value of either ``bluestore_min_alloc_size_hdd`` or
``bluestore_min_alloc_size_ssd``, depending on the OSD's ``rotational``
attribute. Thus if an OSD is created on an HDD, BlueStore is initialized with
the current value of ``bluestore_min_alloc_size_hdd``; but with SSD OSDs
(including NVMe devices), Bluestore is initialized with the current value of
``bluestore_min_alloc_size_ssd``.
Through the Mimic release, the default values were 64KB and 16KB for rotational
(HDD) and non-rotational (SSD) media respectively. Octopus changed the default
for SSD (non-rotational) media to 4KB, and Pacific changed the default for HDD
(rotational) media to 4KB as well.
In Mimic and earlier releases, the default values were 64KB for rotational
media (HDD) and 16KB for non-rotational media (SSD). The Octopus release
changed the the default value for non-rotational media (SSD) to 4KB, and the
Pacific release changed the default value for rotational media (HDD) to 4KB.
These changes were driven by space amplification experienced by Ceph RADOS
GateWay (RGW) deployments that host large numbers of small files
These changes were driven by space amplification that was experienced by Ceph
RADOS GateWay (RGW) deployments that hosted large numbers of small files
(S3/Swift objects).
For example, when an RGW client stores a 1KB S3 object, it is written to a
single RADOS object. With the default `min_alloc_size` value, 4KB of
underlying drive space is allocated. This means that roughly
(4KB - 1KB) == 3KB is allocated but never used, which corresponds to 300%
overhead or 25% efficiency. Similarly, a 5KB user object will be stored
as one 4KB and one 1KB RADOS object, again stranding 4KB of device capcity,
though in this case the overhead is a much smaller percentage. Think of this
in terms of the remainder from a modulus operation. The overhead *percentage*
thus decreases rapidly as user object size increases.
For example, when an RGW client stores a 1 KB S3 object, that object is written
to a single RADOS object. In accordance with the default
``min_alloc_size`` value, 4 KB of underlying drive space is allocated.
This means that roughly 3 KB (that is, 4 KB minus 1 KB) is allocated but never
used: this corresponds to 300% overhead or 25% efficiency. Similarly, a 5 KB
user object will be stored as two RADOS objects, a 4 KB RADOS object and a 1 KB
RADOS object, with the result that 4KB of device capacity is stranded. In this
case, however, the overhead percentage is much smaller. Think of this in terms
of the remainder from a modulus operation. The overhead *percentage* thus
decreases rapidly as object size increases.
An easily missed additional subtlety is that this
takes place for *each* replica. So when using the default three copies of
data (3R), a 1KB S3 object actually consumes roughly 9KB of storage device
capacity. If erasure coding (EC) is used instead of replication, the
amplification may be even higher: for a ``k=4,m=2`` pool, our 1KB S3 object
will allocate (6 * 4KB) = 24KB of device capacity.
There is an additional subtlety that is easily missed: the amplification
phenomenon just described takes place for *each* replica. For example, when
using the default of three copies of data (3R), a 1 KB S3 object actually
strands roughly 9 KB of storage device capacity. If erasure coding (EC) is used
instead of replication, the amplification might be even higher: for a ``k=4,
m=2`` pool, our 1 KB S3 object allocates 24 KB (that is, 4 KB multiplied by 6)
of device capacity.
When an RGW bucket pool contains many relatively large user objects, the effect
of this phenomenon is often negligible, but should be considered for deployments
that expect a signficiant fraction of relatively small objects.
of this phenomenon is often negligible. However, with deployments that can
expect a significant fraction of relatively small user objects, the effect
should be taken into consideration.
The 4KB default value aligns well with conventional HDD and SSD devices. Some
new coarse-IU (Indirection Unit) QLC SSDs however perform and wear best
when `bluestore_min_alloc_size_ssd`
is set at OSD creation to match the device's IU:. 8KB, 16KB, or even 64KB.
These novel storage drives allow one to achieve read performance competitive
with conventional TLC SSDs and write performance faster than HDDs, with
high density and lower cost than TLC SSDs.
The 4KB default value aligns well with conventional HDD and SSD devices.
However, certain novel coarse-IU (Indirection Unit) QLC SSDs perform and wear
best when ``bluestore_min_alloc_size_ssd`` is specified at OSD creation
to match the device's IU: this might be 8KB, 16KB, or even 64KB. These novel
storage drives can achieve read performance that is competitive with that of
conventional TLC SSDs and write performance that is faster than that of HDDs,
with higher density and lower cost than TLC SSDs.
Note that when creating OSDs on these devices, one must carefully apply the
non-default value only to appropriate devices, and not to conventional SSD and
HDD devices. This may be done through careful ordering of OSD creation, custom
OSD device classes, and especially by the use of central configuration _masks_.
Note that when creating OSDs on these novel devices, one must be careful to
apply the non-default value only to appropriate devices, and not to
conventional HDD and SSD devices. Error can be avoided through careful ordering
of OSD creation, with custom OSD device classes, and especially by the use of
central configuration *masks*.
Quincy and later releases add
the `bluestore_use_optimal_io_size_for_min_alloc_size`
option that enables automatic discovery of the appropriate value as each OSD is
created. Note that the use of ``bcache``, ``OpenCAS``, ``dmcrypt``,
``ATA over Ethernet``, `iSCSI`, or other device layering / abstraction
technologies may confound the determination of appropriate values. OSDs
deployed on top of VMware storage have been reported to also
sometimes report a ``rotational`` attribute that does not match the underlying
hardware.
In Quincy and later releases, you can use the
``bluestore_use_optimal_io_size_for_min_alloc_size`` option to allow
automatic discovery of the correct value as each OSD is created. Note that the
use of ``bcache``, ``OpenCAS``, ``dmcrypt``, ``ATA over Ethernet``, `iSCSI`, or
other device-layering and abstraction technologies might confound the
determination of correct values. Moreover, OSDs deployed on top of VMware
storage have sometimes been found to report a ``rotational`` attribute that
does not match the underlying hardware.
We suggest inspecting such OSDs at startup via logs and admin sockets to ensure that
behavior is appropriate. Note that this also may not work as desired with
older kernels. You can check for this by examining the presence and value
of ``/sys/block/<drive>/queue/optimal_io_size``.
We suggest inspecting such OSDs at startup via logs and admin sockets in order
to ensure that their behavior is correct. Be aware that this kind of inspection
might not work as expected with older kernels. To check for this issue,
examine the presence and value of ``/sys/block/<drive>/queue/optimal_io_size``.
You may also inspect a given OSD:
.. note:: When running Reef or a later Ceph release, the ``min_alloc_size``
baked into each OSD is conveniently reported by ``ceph osd metadata``.
To inspect a specific OSD, run the following command:
.. prompt:: bash #
ceph osd metadata osd.1701 | grep rotational
ceph osd metadata osd.1701 | egrep rotational\|alloc
This space amplification may manifest as an unusually high ratio of raw to
stored data reported by ``ceph df``. ``ceph osd df`` may also report
anomalously high ``%USE`` / ``VAR`` values when
compared to other, ostensibly identical OSDs. A pool using OSDs with
mismatched ``min_alloc_size`` values may experience unexpected balancer
behavior as well.
This space amplification might manifest as an unusually high ratio of raw to
stored data as reported by ``ceph df``. There might also be ``%USE`` / ``VAR``
values reported by ``ceph osd df`` that are unusually high in comparison to
other, ostensibly identical, OSDs. Finally, there might be unexpected balancer
behavior in pools that use OSDs that have mismatched ``min_alloc_size`` values.
Note that this BlueStore attribute takes effect *only* at OSD creation; if
changed later, a given OSD's behavior will not change unless / until it is
destroyed and redeployed with the appropriate option value(s). Upgrading
to a later Ceph release will *not* change the value used by OSDs deployed
under older releases or with other settings.
This BlueStore attribute takes effect *only* at OSD creation; if the attribute
is changed later, a specific OSD's behavior will not change unless and until
the OSD is destroyed and redeployed with the appropriate option value(s).
Upgrading to a later Ceph release will *not* change the value used by OSDs that
were deployed under older releases or with other settings.
DSA (Data Streaming Accelerator Usage)
DSA (Data Streaming Accelerator) Usage
======================================
If you want to use the DML library to drive DSA device for offloading
read/write operations on Persist memory in Bluestore. You need to install
`DML`_ and `idxd-config`_ library in your machine with SPR (Sapphire Rapids) CPU.
If you want to use the DML library to drive the DSA device for offloading
read/write operations on persistent memory (PMEM) in BlueStore, you need to
install `DML`_ and the `idxd-config`_ library. This will work only on machines
that have a SPR (Sapphire Rapids) CPU.
.. _DML: https://github.com/intel/DML
.. _dml: https://github.com/intel/dml
.. _idxd-config: https://github.com/intel/idxd-config
After installing the DML software, you need to configure the shared
work queues (WQs) with the following WQ configuration example via accel-config tool:
After installing the DML software, configure the shared work queues (WQs) with
reference to the following WQ configuration example:
.. prompt:: bash $
accel-config config-wq --group-id=1 --mode=shared --wq-size=16 --threshold=15 --type=user --name="MyApp1" --priority=10 --block-on-fault=1 dsa0/wq0.1
accel-config config-wq --group-id=1 --mode=shared --wq-size=16 --threshold=15 --type=user --name="myapp1" --priority=10 --block-on-fault=1 dsa0/wq0.1
accel-config config-engine dsa0/engine0.1 --group-id=1
accel-config enable-device dsa0
accel-config enable-wq dsa0/wq0.1

2
ceph/doc/rados/configuration/common.rst
View File

@ -218,4 +218,4 @@ If you need to allow multiple clusters to exist on the same host, use
.. _Hardware Recommendations: ../../../start/hardware-recommendations
.. _Network Configuration Reference: ../network-config-ref
.. _OSD Config Reference: ../osd-config-ref
.. _Configuring Monitor/OSD Interaction: ../mon-osd-interactio
.. _Configuring Monitor/OSD Interaction: ../mon-osd-interaction

161
ceph/doc/rados/configuration/filestore-config-ref.rst
View File

@ -2,8 +2,14 @@
Filestore Config Reference
============================
The Filestore back end is no longer the default when creating new OSDs,
though Filestore OSDs are still supported.
.. note:: Since the Luminous release of Ceph, Filestore has not been Ceph's
default storage back end. Since the Luminous release of Ceph, BlueStore has
been Ceph's default storage back end. However, Filestore OSDs are still
supported. See :ref:`OSD Back Ends
<rados_config_storage_devices_osd_backends>`. See :ref:`BlueStore Migration
<rados_operations_bluestore_migration>` for instructions explaining how to
replace an existing Filestore back end with a BlueStore back end.
``filestore debug omap check``
@ -18,26 +24,31 @@ though Filestore OSDs are still supported.
Extended Attributes
===================
Extended Attributes (XATTRs) are important for Filestore OSDs.
Some file systems have limits on the number of bytes that can be stored in XATTRs.
Additionally, in some cases, the file system may not be as fast as an alternative
method of storing XATTRs. The following settings may help improve performance
by using a method of storing XATTRs that is extrinsic to the underlying file system.
Extended Attributes (XATTRs) are important for Filestore OSDs. However, Certain
disadvantages can occur when the underlying file system is used for the storage
of XATTRs: some file systems have limits on the number of bytes that can be
stored in XATTRs, and your file system might in some cases therefore run slower
than would an alternative method of storing XATTRs. For this reason, a method
of storing XATTRs extrinsic to the underlying file system might improve
performance. To implement such an extrinsic method, refer to the following
settings.
Ceph XATTRs are stored as ``inline xattr``, using the XATTRs provided
by the underlying file system, if it does not impose a size limit. If
there is a size limit (4KB total on ext4, for instance), some Ceph
XATTRs will be stored in a key/value database when either the
If the underlying file system has no size limit, then Ceph XATTRs are stored as
``inline xattr``, using the XATTRs provided by the file system. But if there is
a size limit (for example, ext4 imposes a limit of 4 KB total), then some Ceph
XATTRs will be stored in a key/value database when the limit is reached. More
precisely, this begins to occur when either the
``filestore_max_inline_xattr_size`` or ``filestore_max_inline_xattrs``
threshold is reached.
``filestore_max_inline_xattr_size``
:Description: The maximum size of an XATTR stored in the file system (i.e., XFS,
Btrfs, EXT4, etc.) per object. Should not be larger than the
file system can handle. Default value of 0 means to use the value
specific to the underlying file system.
:Description: Defines the maximum size per object of an XATTR that can be
stored in the file system (for example, XFS, Btrfs, ext4). The
specified size should not be larger than the file system can
handle. Using the default value of 0 instructs Filestore to use
the value specific to the file system.
:Type: Unsigned 32-bit Integer
:Required: No
:Default: ``0``
@ -45,8 +56,9 @@ threshold is reached.
``filestore_max_inline_xattr_size_xfs``
:Description: The maximum size of an XATTR stored in the XFS file system.
Only used if ``filestore_max_inline_xattr_size`` == 0.
:Description: Defines the maximum size of an XATTR that can be stored in the
XFS file system. This setting is used only if
``filestore_max_inline_xattr_size`` == 0.
:Type: Unsigned 32-bit Integer
:Required: No
:Default: ``65536``
@ -54,8 +66,9 @@ threshold is reached.
``filestore_max_inline_xattr_size_btrfs``
:Description: The maximum size of an XATTR stored in the Btrfs file system.
Only used if ``filestore_max_inline_xattr_size`` == 0.
:Description: Defines the maximum size of an XATTR that can be stored in the
Btrfs file system. This setting is used only if
``filestore_max_inline_xattr_size`` == 0.
:Type: Unsigned 32-bit Integer
:Required: No
:Default: ``2048``
@ -63,8 +76,8 @@ threshold is reached.
``filestore_max_inline_xattr_size_other``
:Description: The maximum size of an XATTR stored in other file systems.
Only used if ``filestore_max_inline_xattr_size`` == 0.
:Description: Defines the maximum size of an XATTR that can be stored in other file systems.
This setting is used only if ``filestore_max_inline_xattr_size`` == 0.
:Type: Unsigned 32-bit Integer
:Required: No
:Default: ``512``
@ -72,9 +85,8 @@ threshold is reached.
``filestore_max_inline_xattrs``
:Description: The maximum number of XATTRs stored in the file system per object.
Default value of 0 means to use the value specific to the
underlying file system.
:Description: Defines the maximum number of XATTRs per object that can be stored in the file system.
Using the default value of 0 instructs Filestore to use the value specific to the file system.
:Type: 32-bit Integer
:Required: No
:Default: ``0``
@ -82,8 +94,8 @@ threshold is reached.
``filestore_max_inline_xattrs_xfs``
:Description: The maximum number of XATTRs stored in the XFS file system per object.
Only used if ``filestore_max_inline_xattrs`` == 0.
:Description: Defines the maximum number of XATTRs per object that can be stored in the XFS file system.
This setting is used only if ``filestore_max_inline_xattrs`` == 0.
:Type: 32-bit Integer
:Required: No
:Default: ``10``
@ -91,8 +103,8 @@ threshold is reached.
``filestore_max_inline_xattrs_btrfs``
:Description: The maximum number of XATTRs stored in the Btrfs file system per object.
Only used if ``filestore_max_inline_xattrs`` == 0.
:Description: Defines the maximum number of XATTRs per object that can be stored in the Btrfs file system.
This setting is used only if ``filestore_max_inline_xattrs`` == 0.
:Type: 32-bit Integer
:Required: No
:Default: ``10``
@ -100,8 +112,8 @@ threshold is reached.
``filestore_max_inline_xattrs_other``
:Description: The maximum number of XATTRs stored in other file systems per object.
Only used if ``filestore_max_inline_xattrs`` == 0.
:Description: Defines the maximum number of XATTRs per object that can be stored in other file systems.
This setting is used only if ``filestore_max_inline_xattrs`` == 0.
:Type: 32-bit Integer
:Required: No
:Default: ``2``
@ -111,18 +123,19 @@ threshold is reached.
Synchronization Intervals
=========================
Filestore needs to periodically quiesce writes and synchronize the
file system, which creates a consistent commit point. It can then free journal
entries up to the commit point. Synchronizing more frequently tends to reduce
the time required to perform synchronization, and reduces the amount of data
that needs to remain in the journal. Less frequent synchronization allows the
backing file system to coalesce small writes and metadata updates more
optimally, potentially resulting in more efficient synchronization at the
expense of potentially increasing tail latency.
Filestore must periodically quiesce writes and synchronize the file system.
Each synchronization creates a consistent commit point. When the commit point
is created, Filestore is able to free all journal entries up to that point.
More-frequent synchronization tends to reduce both synchronization time and
the amount of data that needs to remain in the journal. Less-frequent
synchronization allows the backing file system to coalesce small writes and
metadata updates, potentially increasing synchronization
efficiency but also potentially increasing tail latency.
``filestore_max_sync_interval``
:Description: The maximum interval in seconds for synchronizing Filestore.
:Description: Defines the maximum interval (in seconds) for synchronizing Filestore.
:Type: Double
:Required: No
:Default: ``5``
@ -130,7 +143,7 @@ expense of potentially increasing tail latency.
``filestore_min_sync_interval``
:Description: The minimum interval in seconds for synchronizing Filestore.
:Description: Defines the minimum interval (in seconds) for synchronizing Filestore.
:Type: Double
:Required: No
:Default: ``.01``
@ -142,14 +155,14 @@ Flusher
=======
The Filestore flusher forces data from large writes to be written out using
``sync_file_range`` before the sync in order to (hopefully) reduce the cost of
the eventual sync. In practice, disabling 'filestore_flusher' seems to improve
performance in some cases.
``sync_file_range`` prior to the synchronization.
Ideally, this action reduces the cost of the eventual synchronization. In practice, however, disabling
'filestore_flusher' seems in some cases to improve performance.
``filestore_flusher``
:Description: Enables the filestore flusher.
:Description: Enables the Filestore flusher.
:Type: Boolean
:Required: No
:Default: ``false``
@ -158,7 +171,7 @@ performance in some cases.
``filestore_flusher_max_fds``
:Description: Sets the maximum number of file descriptors for the flusher.
:Description: Defines the maximum number of file descriptors for the flusher.
:Type: Integer
:Required: No
:Default: ``512``
@ -176,7 +189,7 @@ performance in some cases.
``filestore_fsync_flushes_journal_data``
:Description: Flush journal data during file system synchronization.
:Description: Flushes journal data during file-system synchronization.
:Type: Boolean
:Required: No
:Default: ``false``
@ -187,11 +200,11 @@ performance in some cases.
Queue
=====
The following settings provide limits on the size of the Filestore queue.
The following settings define limits on the size of the Filestore queue:
``filestore_queue_max_ops``
:Description: Defines the maximum number of in progress operations the file store accepts before blocking on queuing new operations.
:Description: Defines the maximum number of in-progress operations that Filestore accepts before it blocks the queueing of any new operations.
:Type: Integer
:Required: No. Minimal impact on performance.
:Default: ``50``
@ -199,23 +212,20 @@ The following settings provide limits on the size of the Filestore queue.
``filestore_queue_max_bytes``
:Description: The maximum number of bytes for an operation.
:Description: Defines the maximum number of bytes permitted per operation.
:Type: Integer
:Required: No
:Default: ``100 << 20``
.. index:: filestore; timeouts
Timeouts
========
``filestore_op_threads``
:Description: The number of file system operation threads that execute in parallel.
:Description: Defines the number of file-system operation threads that execute in parallel.
:Type: Integer
:Required: No
:Default: ``2``
@ -223,7 +233,7 @@ Timeouts
``filestore_op_thread_timeout``
:Description: The timeout for a file system operation thread (in seconds).
:Description: Defines the timeout (in seconds) for a file-system operation thread.
:Type: Integer
:Required: No
:Default: ``60``
@ -231,7 +241,7 @@ Timeouts
``filestore_op_thread_suicide_timeout``
:Description: The timeout for a commit operation before cancelling the commit (in seconds).
:Description: Defines the timeout (in seconds) for a commit operation before the commit is cancelled.
:Type: Integer
:Required: No
:Default: ``180``
@ -245,17 +255,17 @@ B-Tree Filesystem
``filestore_btrfs_snap``
:Description: Enable snapshots for a ``btrfs`` filestore.
:Description: Enables snapshots for a ``btrfs`` Filestore.
:Type: Boolean
:Required: No. Only used for ``btrfs``.
:Required: No. Used only for ``btrfs``.
:Default: ``true``
``filestore_btrfs_clone_range``
:Description: Enable cloning ranges for a ``btrfs`` filestore.
:Description: Enables cloning ranges for a ``btrfs`` Filestore.
:Type: Boolean
:Required: No. Only used for ``btrfs``.
:Required: No. Used only for ``btrfs``.
:Default: ``true``
@ -267,7 +277,7 @@ Journal
``filestore_journal_parallel``
:Description: Enables parallel journaling, default for Btrfs.
:Description: Enables parallel journaling, default for ``btrfs``.
:Type: Boolean
:Required: No
:Default: ``false``
@ -275,7 +285,7 @@ Journal
``filestore_journal_writeahead``
:Description: Enables writeahead journaling, default for XFS.
:Description: Enables write-ahead journaling, default for XFS.
:Type: Boolean
:Required: No
:Default: ``false``
@ -283,7 +293,7 @@ Journal
``filestore_journal_trailing``
:Description: Deprecated, never use.
:Description: Deprecated. **Never use.**
:Type: Boolean
:Required: No
:Default: ``false``
@ -295,8 +305,8 @@ Misc
``filestore_merge_threshold``
:Description: Min number of files in a subdir before merging into parent
NOTE: A negative value means to disable subdir merging
:Description: Defines the minimum number of files permitted in a subdirectory before the subdirectory is merged into its parent directory.
NOTE: A negative value means that subdirectory merging is disabled.
:Type: Integer
:Required: No
:Default: ``-10``
@ -305,8 +315,8 @@ Misc
``filestore_split_multiple``
:Description: ``(filestore_split_multiple * abs(filestore_merge_threshold) + (rand() % filestore_split_rand_factor)) * 16``
is the maximum number of files in a subdirectory before
splitting into child directories.
is the maximum number of files permitted in a subdirectory
before the subdirectory is split into child directories.
:Type: Integer
:Required: No
@ -316,10 +326,10 @@ Misc
``filestore_split_rand_factor``
:Description: A random factor added to the split threshold to avoid
too many (expensive) Filestore splits occurring at once. See
``filestore_split_multiple`` for details.
This can only be changed offline for an existing OSD,
via the ``ceph-objectstore-tool apply-layout-settings`` command.
too many (expensive) Filestore splits occurring at the same time.
For details, see ``filestore_split_multiple``.
To change this setting for an existing OSD, it is necessary to take the OSD
offline before running the ``ceph-objectstore-tool apply-layout-settings`` command.
:Type: Unsigned 32-bit Integer
:Required: No
@ -328,7 +338,7 @@ Misc
``filestore_update_to``
:Description: Limits Filestore auto upgrade to specified version.
:Description: Limits automatic upgrades to a specified version of Filestore. Useful in cases in which you want to avoid upgrading to a specific version.
:Type: Integer
:Required: No
:Default: ``1000``
@ -336,7 +346,7 @@ Misc
``filestore_blackhole``
:Description: Drop any new transactions on the floor.
:Description: Drops any new transactions on the floor, similar to redirecting to NULL.
:Type: Boolean
:Required: No
:Default: ``false``
@ -344,7 +354,7 @@ Misc
``filestore_dump_file``
:Description: File onto which store transaction dumps.
:Description: Defines the file that transaction dumps are stored on.
:Type: Boolean
:Required: No
:Default: ``false``
@ -352,7 +362,7 @@ Misc
``filestore_kill_at``
:Description: inject a failure at the n'th opportunity
:Description: Injects a failure at the *n*\th opportunity.
:Type: String
:Required: No
:Default: ``false``
@ -360,8 +370,7 @@ Misc
``filestore_fail_eio``
:Description: Fail/Crash on eio.
:Description: Fail/Crash on EIO.
:Type: Boolean
:Required: No
:Default: ``true``

45
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@ -16,24 +16,29 @@ consistent, but you can add, remove or replace a monitor in a cluster. See
Background
==========
Ceph Monitors maintain a "master copy" of the :term:`Cluster Map`, which means a
:term:`Ceph Client` can determine the location of all Ceph Monitors, Ceph OSD
Daemons, and Ceph Metadata Servers just by connecting to one Ceph Monitor and
retrieving a current cluster map. Before Ceph Clients can read from or write to
Ceph OSD Daemons or Ceph Metadata Servers, they must connect to a Ceph Monitor
first. With a current copy of the cluster map and the CRUSH algorithm, a Ceph
Client can compute the location for any object. The ability to compute object
locations allows a Ceph Client to talk directly to Ceph OSD Daemons, which is a
very important aspect of Ceph's high scalability and performance. See
`Scalability and High Availability`_ for additional details.
Ceph Monitors maintain a "master copy" of the :term:`Cluster Map`.
The primary role of the Ceph Monitor is to maintain a master copy of the cluster
map. Ceph Monitors also provide authentication and logging services. Ceph
Monitors write all changes in the monitor services to a single Paxos instance,
and Paxos writes the changes to a key/value store for strong consistency. Ceph
Monitors can query the most recent version of the cluster map during sync
operations. Ceph Monitors leverage the key/value store's snapshots and iterators
(using leveldb) to perform store-wide synchronization.
The maintenance by Ceph Monitors of a :term:`Cluster Map` makes it possible for
a :term:`Ceph Client` to determine the location of all Ceph Monitors, Ceph OSD
Daemons, and Ceph Metadata Servers by connecting to one Ceph Monitor and
retrieving a current cluster map. Before Ceph Clients can read from or write to
Ceph OSD Daemons or Ceph Metadata Servers, they must connect to a Ceph Monitor.
When a Ceph client has a current copy of the cluster map and the CRUSH
algorithm, it can compute the location for any RADOS object within in the
cluster. This ability to compute the locations of objects makes it possible for
Ceph Clients to talk directly to Ceph OSD Daemons. This direct communication
with Ceph OSD Daemons represents an improvment upon traditional storage
architectures in which clients were required to communicate with a central
component, and that improvment contributes to Ceph's high scalability and
performance. See `Scalability and High Availability`_ for additional details.
The Ceph Monitor's primary function is to maintain a master copy of the cluster
map. Monitors also provide authentication and logging services. All changes in
the monitor services are written by the Ceph Monitor to a single Paxos
instance, and Paxos writes the changes to a key/value store for strong
consistency. Ceph Monitors are able to query the most recent version of the
cluster map during sync operations, and they use the key/value store's
snapshots and iterators (using leveldb) to perform store-wide synchronization.
.. ditaa::
/-------------\ /-------------\
@ -56,12 +61,6 @@ operations. Ceph Monitors leverage the key/value store's snapshots and iterators
| cCCC |*---------------------+
\-------------/
.. deprecated:: version 0.58
In Ceph versions 0.58 and earlier, Ceph Monitors use a Paxos instance for
each service and store the map as a file.
.. index:: Ceph Monitor; cluster map
Cluster Maps

1
ceph/doc/rados/configuration/storage-devices.rst
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@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ There are two Ceph daemons that store data on devices:
additional monitoring and providing interfaces to external
monitoring and management systems.
.. _rados_config_storage_devices_osd_backends:
OSD Back Ends
=============

163
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@ -3,14 +3,15 @@
Balancer
========
The *balancer* can optimize the placement of PGs across OSDs in
order to achieve a balanced distribution, either automatically or in a
supervised fashion.
The *balancer* can optimize the allocation of placement groups (PGs) across
OSDs in order to achieve a balanced distribution. The balancer can operate
either automatically or in a supervised fashion.
Status
------
The current status of the balancer can be checked at any time with:
To check the current status of the balancer, run the following command:
.. prompt:: bash $
@ -20,70 +21,78 @@ The current status of the balancer can be checked at any time with:
Automatic balancing
-------------------
The automatic balancing feature is enabled by default in ``upmap``
mode. Please refer to :ref:`upmap` for more details. The balancer can be
turned off with:
When the balancer is in ``upmap`` mode, the automatic balancing feature is
enabled by default. For more details, see :ref:`upmap`. To disable the
balancer, run the following command:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph balancer off
The balancer mode can be changed to ``crush-compat`` mode, which is
backward compatible with older clients, and will make small changes to
the data distribution over time to ensure that OSDs are equally utilized.
The balancer mode can be changed from ``upmap`` mode to ``crush-compat`` mode.
``crush-compat`` mode is backward compatible with older clients. In
``crush-compat`` mode, the balancer automatically makes small changes to the
data distribution in order to ensure that OSDs are utilized equally.
Throttling
----------
No adjustments will be made to the PG distribution if the cluster is
degraded (e.g., because an OSD has failed and the system has not yet
healed itself).
If the cluster is degraded (that is, if an OSD has failed and the system hasn't
healed itself yet), then the balancer will not make any adjustments to the PG
distribution.
When the cluster is healthy, the balancer will throttle its changes
such that the percentage of PGs that are misplaced (i.e., that need to
be moved) is below a threshold of (by default) 5%. The
``target_max_misplaced_ratio`` threshold can be adjusted with:
When the cluster is healthy, the balancer will incrementally move a small
fraction of unbalanced PGs in order to improve distribution. This fraction
will not exceed a certain threshold that defaults to 5%. To adjust this
``target_max_misplaced_ratio`` threshold setting, run the following command:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph config set mgr target_max_misplaced_ratio .07 # 7%
Set the number of seconds to sleep in between runs of the automatic balancer:
The balancer sleeps between runs. To set the number of seconds for this
interval of sleep, run the following command:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph config set mgr mgr/balancer/sleep_interval 60
Set the time of day to begin automatic balancing in HHMM format:
To set the time of day (in HHMM format) at which automatic balancing begins,
run the following command:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph config set mgr mgr/balancer/begin_time 0000
Set the time of day to finish automatic balancing in HHMM format:
To set the time of day (in HHMM format) at which automatic balancing ends, run
the following command:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph config set mgr mgr/balancer/end_time 2359
Restrict automatic balancing to this day of the week or later.
Uses the same conventions as crontab, 0 is Sunday, 1 is Monday, and so on:
Automatic balancing can be restricted to certain days of the week. To restrict
it to a specific day of the week or later (as with crontab, ``0`` is Sunday,
``1`` is Monday, and so on), run the following command:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph config set mgr mgr/balancer/begin_weekday 0
Restrict automatic balancing to this day of the week or earlier.
Uses the same conventions as crontab, 0 is Sunday, 1 is Monday, and so on:
To restrict automatic balancing to a specific day of the week or earlier
(again, ``0`` is Sunday, ``1`` is Monday, and so on), run the following
command:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph config set mgr mgr/balancer/end_weekday 6
Pool IDs to which the automatic balancing will be limited.
The default for this is an empty string, meaning all pools will be balanced.
The numeric pool IDs can be gotten with the :command:`ceph osd pool ls detail` command:
Automatic balancing can be restricted to certain pools. By default, the value
of this setting is an empty string, so that all pools are automatically
balanced. To restrict automatic balancing to specific pools, retrieve their
numeric pool IDs (by running the :command:`ceph osd pool ls detail` command),
and then run the following command:
.. prompt:: bash $
@ -93,43 +102,41 @@ The numeric pool IDs can be gotten with the :command:`ceph osd pool ls detail` c
Modes
-----
There are currently two supported balancer modes:
There are two supported balancer modes:
#. **crush-compat**. The CRUSH compat mode uses the compat weight-set
feature (introduced in Luminous) to manage an alternative set of
weights for devices in the CRUSH hierarchy. The normal weights
should remain set to the size of the device to reflect the target
amount of data that we want to store on the device. The balancer
then optimizes the weight-set values, adjusting them up or down in
small increments, in order to achieve a distribution that matches
the target distribution as closely as possible. (Because PG
placement is a pseudorandom process, there is a natural amount of
variation in the placement; by optimizing the weights we
counter-act that natural variation.)
#. **crush-compat**. This mode uses the compat weight-set feature (introduced
in Luminous) to manage an alternative set of weights for devices in the
CRUSH hierarchy. When the balancer is operating in this mode, the normal
weights should remain set to the size of the device in order to reflect the
target amount of data intended to be stored on the device. The balancer will
then optimize the weight-set values, adjusting them up or down in small
increments, in order to achieve a distribution that matches the target
distribution as closely as possible. (Because PG placement is a pseudorandom
process, it is subject to a natural amount of variation; optimizing the
weights serves to counteract that natural variation.)
Notably, this mode is *fully backwards compatible* with older
clients: when an OSDMap and CRUSH map is shared with older clients,
we present the optimized weights as the "real" weights.
Note that this mode is *fully backward compatible* with older clients: when
an OSD Map and CRUSH map are shared with older clients, Ceph presents the
optimized weights as the "real" weights.
The primary restriction of this mode is that the balancer cannot
handle multiple CRUSH hierarchies with different placement rules if
the subtrees of the hierarchy share any OSDs. (This is normally
not the case, and is generally not a recommended configuration
because it is hard to manage the space utilization on the shared
OSDs.)
The primary limitation of this mode is that the balancer cannot handle
multiple CRUSH hierarchies with different placement rules if the subtrees of
the hierarchy share any OSDs. (Such sharing of OSDs is not typical and,
because of the difficulty of managing the space utilization on the shared
OSDs, is generally not recommended.)
#. **upmap**. Starting with Luminous, the OSDMap can store explicit
mappings for individual OSDs as exceptions to the normal CRUSH
placement calculation. These `upmap` entries provide fine-grained
control over the PG mapping. This CRUSH mode will optimize the
placement of individual PGs in order to achieve a balanced
distribution. In most cases, this distribution is "perfect," which
an equal number of PGs on each OSD (+/-1 PG, since they might not
divide evenly).
#. **upmap**. In Luminous and later releases, the OSDMap can store explicit
mappings for individual OSDs as exceptions to the normal CRUSH placement
calculation. These ``upmap`` entries provide fine-grained control over the
PG mapping. This balancer mode optimizes the placement of individual PGs in
order to achieve a balanced distribution. In most cases, the resulting
distribution is nearly perfect: that is, there is an equal number of PGs on
each OSD (±1 PG, since the total number might not divide evenly).
Note that using upmap requires that all clients be Luminous or newer.
To use``upmap``, all clients must be Luminous or newer.
The default mode is ``upmap``. The mode can be adjusted with:
The default mode is ``upmap``. The mode can be changed to ``crush-compat`` by
running the following command:
.. prompt:: bash $
@ -138,69 +145,77 @@ The default mode is ``upmap``. The mode can be adjusted with:
Supervised optimization
-----------------------
The balancer operation is broken into a few distinct phases:
Supervised use of the balancer can be understood in terms of three distinct
phases:
#. building a *plan*
#. evaluating the quality of the data distribution, either for the current PG distribution, or the PG distribution that would result after executing a *plan*
#. executing the *plan*
#. building a plan
#. evaluating the quality of the data distribution, either for the current PG
distribution or for the PG distribution that would result after executing a
plan
#. executing the plan
To evaluate and score the current distribution:
To evaluate the current distribution, run the following command:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph balancer eval
You can also evaluate the distribution for a single pool with:
To evaluate the distribution for a single pool, run the following command:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph balancer eval <pool-name>
Greater detail for the evaluation can be seen with:
To see the evaluation in greater detail, run the following command:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph balancer eval-verbose ...
The balancer can generate a plan, using the currently configured mode, with:
To instruct the balancer to generate a plan (using the currently configured
mode), make up a name (any useful identifying string) for the plan, and run the
following command:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph balancer optimize <plan-name>
The name is provided by the user and can be any useful identifying string. The contents of a plan can be seen with:
To see the contents of a plan, run the following command:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph balancer show <plan-name>
All plans can be shown with:
To display all plans, run the following command:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph balancer ls
Old plans can be discarded with:
To discard an old plan, run the following command:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph balancer rm <plan-name>
Currently recorded plans are shown as part of the status command:
To see currently recorded plans, examine the output of the following status
command:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph balancer status
The quality of the distribution that would result after executing a plan can be calculated with:
To evaluate the distribution that would result from executing a specific plan,
run the following command:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph balancer eval <plan-name>
Assuming the plan is expected to improve the distribution (i.e., it has a lower score than the current cluster state), the user can execute that plan with:
If a plan is expected to improve the distribution (that is, the plan's score is
lower than the current cluster state's score), you can execute that plan by
running the following command:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph balancer execute <plan-name>

2
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@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
.. _rados_operations_bluestore_migration:
=====================
BlueStore Migration
=====================

4
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@ -1,6 +1,10 @@
===============
Cache Tiering
===============
.. warning:: Cache tiering has been deprecated in the Reef release as it
has lacked a maintainer for a very long time. This does not mean
it will be certainly removed, but we may choose to remove it
without much further notice.
A cache tier provides Ceph Clients with better I/O performance for a subset of
the data stored in a backing storage tier. Cache tiering involves creating a

2
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@ -315,7 +315,7 @@ the hierarchy is visible as a separate column (labeled either
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph osd tree
ceph osd crush tree
When both *compat* and *per-pool* weight sets are in use, data
placement for a particular pool will use its own per-pool weight set

62
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@ -2,40 +2,44 @@
Data Placement Overview
=========================
Ceph stores, replicates and rebalances data objects across a RADOS cluster
dynamically. With many different users storing objects in different pools for
different purposes on countless OSDs, Ceph operations require some data
placement planning. The main data placement planning concepts in Ceph include:
Ceph stores, replicates, and rebalances data objects across a RADOS cluster
dynamically. Because different users store objects in different pools for
different purposes on many OSDs, Ceph operations require a certain amount of
data- placement planning. The main data-placement planning concepts in Ceph
include:
- **Pools:** Ceph stores data within pools, which are logical groups for storing
objects. Pools manage the number of placement groups, the number of replicas,
and the CRUSH rule for the pool. To store data in a pool, you must have
an authenticated user with permissions for the pool. Ceph can snapshot pools.
See `Pools`_ for additional details.
- **Pools:** Ceph stores data within pools, which are logical groups used for
storing objects. Pools manage the number of placement groups, the number of
replicas, and the CRUSH rule for the pool. To store data in a pool, it is
necessary to be an authenticated user with permissions for the pool. Ceph is
able to make snapshots of pools. For additional details, see `Pools`_.
- **Placement Groups:** Ceph maps objects to placement groups (PGs).
Placement groups (PGs) are shards or fragments of a logical object pool
that place objects as a group into OSDs. Placement groups reduce the amount
of per-object metadata when Ceph stores the data in OSDs. A larger number of
placement groups (e.g., 100 per OSD) leads to better balancing. See
`Placement Groups`_ for additional details.
- **Placement Groups:** Ceph maps objects to placement groups. Placement
groups (PGs) are shards or fragments of a logical object pool that place
objects as a group into OSDs. Placement groups reduce the amount of
per-object metadata that is necessary for Ceph to store the data in OSDs. A
greater number of placement groups (for example, 100 PGs per OSD as compared
with 50 PGs per OSD) leads to better balancing.
- **CRUSH Maps:** CRUSH is a big part of what allows Ceph to scale without
performance bottlenecks, without limitations to scalability, and without a
single point of failure. CRUSH maps provide the physical topology of the
cluster to the CRUSH algorithm to determine where the data for an object
and its replicas should be stored, and how to do so across failure domains
for added data safety among other things. See `CRUSH Maps`_ for additional
details.
- **CRUSH Maps:** CRUSH plays a major role in allowing Ceph to scale while
avoiding certain pitfalls, such as performance bottlenecks, limitations to
scalability, and single points of failure. CRUSH maps provide the physical
topology of the cluster to the CRUSH algorithm, so that it can determine both
(1) where the data for an object and its replicas should be stored and (2)
how to store that data across failure domains so as to improve data safety.
For additional details, see `CRUSH Maps`_.
- **Balancer:** The balancer is a feature that will automatically optimize the
distribution of PGs across devices to achieve a balanced data distribution,
maximizing the amount of data that can be stored in the cluster and evenly
distributing the workload across OSDs.
- **Balancer:** The balancer is a feature that automatically optimizes the
distribution of placement groups across devices in order to achieve a
balanced data distribution, in order to maximize the amount of data that can
be stored in the cluster, and in order to evenly distribute the workload
across OSDs.
When you initially set up a test cluster, you can use the default values. Once
you begin planning for a large Ceph cluster, refer to pools, placement groups
and CRUSH for data placement operations.
It is possible to use the default values for each of the above components.
Default values are recommended for a test cluster's initial setup. However,
when planning a large Ceph cluster, values should be customized for
data-placement operations with reference to the different roles played by
pools, placement groups, and CRUSH.
.. _Pools: ../pools
.. _Placement Groups: ../placement-groups

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@ -3,28 +3,32 @@
Device Management
=================
Ceph tracks which hardware storage devices (e.g., HDDs, SSDs) are consumed by
which daemons, and collects health metrics about those devices in order to
provide tools to predict and/or automatically respond to hardware failure.
Device management allows Ceph to address hardware failure. Ceph tracks hardware
storage devices (HDDs, SSDs) to see which devices are managed by which daemons.
Ceph also collects health metrics about these devices. By doing so, Ceph can
provide tools that predict hardware failure and can automatically respond to
hardware failure.
Device tracking
---------------
You can query which storage devices are in use with:
To see a list of the storage devices that are in use, run the following
command:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph device ls
You can also list devices by daemon or by host:
Alternatively, to list devices by daemon or by host, run a command of one of
the following forms:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph device ls-by-daemon <daemon>
ceph device ls-by-host <host>
For any individual device, you can query information about its
location and how it is being consumed with:
To see information about the location of an specific device and about how the
device is being consumed, run a command of the following form:
.. prompt:: bash $
@ -33,103 +37,107 @@ location and how it is being consumed with:
Identifying physical devices
----------------------------
You can blink the drive LEDs on hardware enclosures to make the replacement of
failed disks easy and less error-prone. Use the following command::
To make the replacement of failed disks easier and less error-prone, you can
(in some cases) "blink" the drive's LEDs on hardware enclosures by running a
command of the following form::
device light on|off <devid> [ident|fault] [--force]
The ``<devid>`` parameter is the device identification. You can obtain this
information using the following command:
.. note:: Using this command to blink the lights might not work. Whether it
works will depend upon such factors as your kernel revision, your SES
firmware, or the setup of your HBA.
The ``<devid>`` parameter is the device identification. To retrieve this
information, run the following command:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph device ls
The ``[ident|fault]`` parameter is used to set the kind of light to blink.
By default, the `identification` light is used.
The ``[ident|fault]`` parameter determines which kind of light will blink. By
default, the `identification` light is used.
.. note::
This command needs the Cephadm or the Rook `orchestrator <https://docs.ceph.com/docs/master/mgr/orchestrator/#orchestrator-cli-module>`_ module enabled.
The orchestrator module enabled is shown by executing the following command:
.. note:: This command works only if the Cephadm or the Rook `orchestrator
<https://docs.ceph.com/docs/master/mgr/orchestrator/#orchestrator-cli-module>`_
module is enabled. To see which orchestrator module is enabled, run the
following command:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph orch status
The command behind the scene to blink the drive LEDs is `lsmcli`. If you need
to customize this command you can configure this via a Jinja2 template::
The command that makes the drive's LEDs blink is `lsmcli`. To customize this
command, configure it via a Jinja2 template by running commands of the
following forms::
ceph config-key set mgr/cephadm/blink_device_light_cmd "<template>"
ceph config-key set mgr/cephadm/<host>/blink_device_light_cmd "lsmcli local-disk-{{ ident_fault }}-led-{{'on' if on else 'off'}} --path '{{ path or dev }}'"
The Jinja2 template is rendered using the following arguments:
The following arguments can be used to customize the Jinja2 template:
* ``on``
A boolean value.
* ``ident_fault``
A string containing `ident` or `fault`.
A string that contains `ident` or `fault`.
* ``dev``
A string containing the device ID, e.g. `SanDisk_X400_M.2_2280_512GB_162924424784`.
A string that contains the device ID: for example, `SanDisk_X400_M.2_2280_512GB_162924424784`.
* ``path``
A string containing the device path, e.g. `/dev/sda`.
A string that contains the device path: for example, `/dev/sda`.
.. _enabling-monitoring:
Enabling monitoring
-------------------
Ceph can also monitor health metrics associated with your device. For
example, SATA hard disks implement a standard called SMART that
provides a wide range of internal metrics about the device's usage and
health, like the number of hours powered on, number of power cycles,
or unrecoverable read errors. Other device types like SAS and NVMe
implement a similar set of metrics (via slightly different standards).
All of these can be collected by Ceph via the ``smartctl`` tool.
Ceph can also monitor the health metrics associated with your device. For
example, SATA drives implement a standard called SMART that provides a wide
range of internal metrics about the device's usage and health (for example: the
number of hours powered on, the number of power cycles, the number of
unrecoverable read errors). Other device types such as SAS and NVMe present a
similar set of metrics (via slightly different standards). All of these
metrics can be collected by Ceph via the ``smartctl`` tool.
You can enable or disable health monitoring with:
You can enable or disable health monitoring by running one of the following
commands:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph device monitoring on
or:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph device monitoring off
Scraping
--------
If monitoring is enabled, metrics will automatically be scraped at regular intervals. That interval can be configured with:
If monitoring is enabled, device metrics will be scraped automatically at
regular intervals. To configure that interval, run a command of the following
form:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph config set mgr mgr/devicehealth/scrape_frequency <seconds>
The default is to scrape once every 24 hours.
By default, device metrics are scraped once every 24 hours.
You can manually trigger a scrape of all devices with:
To manually scrape all devices, run the following command:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph device scrape-health-metrics
A single device can be scraped with:
To scrape a single device, run a command of the following form:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph device scrape-health-metrics <device-id>
Or a single daemon's devices can be scraped with:
To scrape a single daemon's devices, run a command of the following form:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph device scrape-daemon-health-metrics <who>
The stored health metrics for a device can be retrieved (optionally
for a specific timestamp) with:
To retrieve the stored health metrics for a device (optionally for a specific
timestamp), run a command of the following form:
.. prompt:: bash $
@ -138,71 +146,82 @@ for a specific timestamp) with:
Failure prediction
------------------
Ceph can predict life expectancy and device failures based on the
health metrics it collects. There are three modes:
Ceph can predict drive life expectancy and device failures by analyzing the
health metrics that it collects. The prediction modes are as follows:
* *none*: disable device failure prediction.
* *local*: use a pre-trained prediction model from the ceph-mgr daemon
* *local*: use a pre-trained prediction model from the ``ceph-mgr`` daemon.
The prediction mode can be configured with:
To configure the prediction mode, run a command of the following form:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph config set global device_failure_prediction_mode <mode>
Prediction normally runs in the background on a periodic basis, so it
may take some time before life expectancy values are populated. You
can see the life expectancy of all devices in output from:
Under normal conditions, failure prediction runs periodically in the
background. For this reason, life expectancy values might be populated only
after a significant amount of time has passed. The life expectancy of all
devices is displayed in the output of the following command:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph device ls
You can also query the metadata for a specific device with:
To see the metadata of a specific device, run a command of the following form:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph device info <devid>
You can explicitly force prediction of a device's life expectancy with:
To explicitly force prediction of a specific device's life expectancy, run a
command of the following form:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph device predict-life-expectancy <devid>
If you are not using Ceph's internal device failure prediction but
have some external source of information about device failures, you
can inform Ceph of a device's life expectancy with:
In addition to Ceph's internal device failure prediction, you might have an
external source of information about device failures. To inform Ceph of a
specific device's life expectancy, run a command of the following form:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph device set-life-expectancy <devid> <from> [<to>]
Life expectancies are expressed as a time interval so that
uncertainty can be expressed in the form of a wide interval. The
interval end can also be left unspecified.
Life expectancies are expressed as a time interval. This means that the
uncertainty of the life expectancy can be expressed in the form of a range of
time, and perhaps a wide range of time. The interval's end can be left
unspecified.
Health alerts
-------------
The ``mgr/devicehealth/warn_threshold`` controls how soon an expected
device failure must be before we generate a health warning.
The ``mgr/devicehealth/warn_threshold`` configuration option controls the
health check for an expected device failure. If the device is expected to fail
within the specified time interval, an alert is raised.
The stored life expectancy of all devices can be checked, and any
appropriate health alerts generated, with:
To check the stored life expectancy of all devices and generate any appropriate
health alert, run the following command:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph device check-health
Automatic Mitigation
--------------------
Automatic Migration
-------------------
If the ``mgr/devicehealth/self_heal`` option is enabled (it is by
default), then for devices that are expected to fail soon the module
will automatically migrate data away from them by marking the devices
"out".
The ``mgr/devicehealth/self_heal`` option (enabled by default) automatically
migrates data away from devices that are expected to fail soon. If this option
is enabled, the module marks such devices ``out`` so that automatic migration
will occur.
The ``mgr/devicehealth/mark_out_threshold`` controls how soon an
expected device failure must be before we automatically mark an osd
"out".
.. note:: The ``mon_osd_min_up_ratio`` configuration option can help prevent
this process from cascading to total failure. If the "self heal" module
marks ``out`` so many OSDs that the ratio value of ``mon_osd_min_up_ratio``
is exceeded, then the cluster raises the ``DEVICE_HEALTH_TOOMANY`` health
check. For instructions on what to do in this situation, see
:ref:`DEVICE_HEALTH_TOOMANY<rados_health_checks_device_health_toomany>`.
The ``mgr/devicehealth/mark_out_threshold`` configuration option specifies the
time interval for automatic migration. If a device is expected to fail within
the specified time interval, it will be automatically marked ``out``.

8
ceph/doc/rados/operations/erasure-code-jerasure.rst
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@ -6,9 +6,11 @@ The *jerasure* plugin is the most generic and flexible plugin, it is
also the default for Ceph erasure coded pools.
The *jerasure* plugin encapsulates the `Jerasure
<http://jerasure.org>`_ library. It is
recommended to read the *jerasure* documentation to get a better
understanding of the parameters.
<https://github.com/ceph/jerasure>`_ library. It is
recommended to read the ``jerasure`` documentation to
understand the parameters. Note that the ``jerasure.org``
web site as of 2023 may no longer be connected to the original
project or legitimate.
Create a jerasure profile
=========================

2
ceph/doc/rados/operations/health-checks.rst
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@ -843,6 +843,8 @@ This message can be silenced by disabling self-heal behavior (that is, setting
``mgr/devicehealth/mark_out_threshold``, or by addressing whichever condition
is preventing data from being migrated off of the ailing OSD(s).
.. _rados_health_checks_device_health_toomany:
DEVICE_HEALTH_TOOMANY
_____________________

11
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@ -117,11 +117,12 @@ pseudo-random placement that takes into account the failure domains that you
have set in your `CRUSH map`_; for this reason, PGs are rarely assigned to
immediately adjacent OSDs in a large cluster.
Ceph processes a client request using the **Acting Set**, which is the set of
OSDs that will actually handle the requests since they have a full and working
version of a placement group shard. The set of OSDs that should contain a shard
of a particular placement group as the **Up Set**, i.e. where data is
moved/copied to (or planned to be).
Ceph processes client requests with the **Acting Set** of OSDs: this is the set
of OSDs that currently have a full and working version of a PG shard and that
are therefore responsible for handling requests. By contrast, the **Up Set** is
the set of OSDs that contain a shard of a specific PG. Data is moved or copied
to the **Up Set**, or planned to be moved or copied, to the **Up Set**. See
:ref:`Placement Group Concepts <rados_operations_pg_concepts>`.
Sometimes an OSD in the Acting Set is ``down`` or otherwise unable to
service requests for objects in the PG. When this kind of situation

2
ceph/doc/rados/operations/pg-concepts.rst
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@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
.. _rados_operations_pg_concepts:
==========================
Placement Group Concepts
==========================

347
ceph/doc/rados/operations/stretch-mode.rst
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@ -7,209 +7,256 @@ Stretch Clusters
Stretch Clusters
================
Ceph generally expects all parts of its network and overall cluster to be
equally reliable, with failures randomly distributed across the CRUSH map.
So you may lose a switch that knocks out a number of OSDs, but we expect
the remaining OSDs and monitors to route around that.
This is usually a good choice, but may not work well in some
stretched cluster configurations where a significant part of your cluster
is stuck behind a single network component. For instance, a single
cluster which is located in multiple data centers, and you want to
sustain the loss of a full DC.
A stretch cluster is a cluster that has servers in geographically separated
data centers, distributed over a WAN. Stretch clusters have LAN-like high-speed
and low-latency connections, but limited links. Stretch clusters have a higher
likelihood of (possibly asymmetric) network splits, and a higher likelihood of
temporary or complete loss of an entire data center (which can represent
one-third to one-half of the total cluster).
There are two standard configurations we've seen deployed, with either
two or three data centers (or, in clouds, availability zones). With two
zones, we expect each site to hold a copy of the data, and for a third
site to have a tiebreaker monitor (this can be a VM or high-latency compared
to the main sites) to pick a winner if the network connection fails and both
DCs remain alive. For three sites, we expect a copy of the data and an equal
number of monitors in each site.
Ceph is designed with the expectation that all parts of its network and cluster
will be reliable and that failures will be distributed randomly across the
CRUSH map. Even if a switch goes down and causes the loss of many OSDs, Ceph is
designed so that the remaining OSDs and monitors will route around such a loss.
Note that the standard Ceph configuration will survive MANY failures of the
network or data centers and it will never compromise data consistency. If you
bring back enough Ceph servers following a failure, it will recover. If you
lose a data center, but can still form a quorum of monitors and have all the data
available (with enough copies to satisfy pools' ``min_size``, or CRUSH rules
that will re-replicate to meet it), Ceph will maintain availability.
Sometimes this cannot be relied upon. If you have a "stretched-cluster"
deployment in which much of your cluster is behind a single network component,
you might need to use **stretch mode** to ensure data integrity.
What can't it handle?
We will here consider two standard configurations: a configuration with two
data centers (or, in clouds, two availability zones), and a configuration with
three data centers (or, in clouds, three availability zones).
In the two-site configuration, Ceph expects each of the sites to hold a copy of
the data, and Ceph also expects there to be a third site that has a tiebreaker
monitor. This tiebreaker monitor picks a winner if the network connection fails
and both data centers remain alive.
The tiebreaker monitor can be a VM. It can also have high latency relative to
the two main sites.
The standard Ceph configuration is able to survive MANY network failures or
data-center failures without ever compromising data availability. If enough
Ceph servers are brought back following a failure, the cluster *will* recover.
If you lose a data center but are still able to form a quorum of monitors and
still have all the data available, Ceph will maintain availability. (This
assumes that the cluster has enough copies to satisfy the pools' ``min_size``
configuration option, or (failing that) that the cluster has CRUSH rules in
place that will cause the cluster to re-replicate the data until the
``min_size`` configuration option has been met.)
Stretch Cluster Issues
======================
No matter what happens, Ceph will not compromise on data integrity
and consistency. If there's a failure in your network or a loss of nodes and
you can restore service, Ceph will return to normal functionality on its own.
But there are scenarios where you lose data availibility despite having
enough servers available to satisfy Ceph's consistency and sizing constraints, or
where you may be surprised to not satisfy Ceph's constraints.
The first important category of these failures resolve around inconsistent
networks -- if there's a netsplit, Ceph may be unable to mark OSDs down and kick
them out of the acting PG sets despite the primary being unable to replicate data.
If this happens, IO will not be permitted, because Ceph can't satisfy its durability
guarantees.
Ceph does not permit the compromise of data integrity and data consistency
under any circumstances. When service is restored after a network failure or a
loss of Ceph nodes, Ceph will restore itself to a state of normal functioning
without operator intervention.
Ceph does not permit the compromise of data integrity or data consistency, but
there are situations in which *data availability* is compromised. These
situations can occur even though there are enough clusters available to satisfy
Ceph's consistency and sizing constraints. In some situations, you might
discover that your cluster does not satisfy those constraints.
The first category of these failures that we will discuss involves inconsistent
networks -- if there is a netsplit (a disconnection between two servers that
splits the network into two pieces), Ceph might be unable to mark OSDs ``down``
and remove them from the acting PG sets. This failure to mark ODSs ``down``
will occur, despite the fact that the primary PG is unable to replicate data (a
situation that, under normal non-netsplit circumstances, would result in the
marking of affected OSDs as ``down`` and their removal from the PG). If this
happens, Ceph will be unable to satisfy its durability guarantees and
consequently IO will not be permitted.
The second category of failures that we will discuss involves the situation in
which the constraints are not sufficient to guarantee the replication of data
across data centers, though it might seem that the data is correctly replicated
across data centers. For example, in a scenario in which there are two data
centers named Data Center A and Data Center B, and the CRUSH rule targets three
replicas and places a replica in each data center with a ``min_size`` of ``2``,
the PG might go active with two replicas in Data Center A and zero replicas in
Data Center B. In a situation of this kind, the loss of Data Center A means
that the data is lost and Ceph will not be able to operate on it. This
situation is surprisingly difficult to avoid using only standard CRUSH rules.
The second important category of failures is when you think you have data replicated
across data centers, but the constraints aren't sufficient to guarantee this.
For instance, you might have data centers A and B, and your CRUSH rule targets 3 copies
and places a copy in each data center with a ``min_size`` of 2. The PG may go active with
2 copies in site A and no copies in site B, which means that if you then lose site A you
have lost data and Ceph can't operate on it. This situation is surprisingly difficult
to avoid with standard CRUSH rules.
Stretch Mode
============
The new stretch mode is designed to handle the 2-site case. Three sites are
just as susceptible to netsplit issues, but are much more tolerant of
component availability outages than 2-site clusters are.
Stretch mode is designed to handle deployments in which you cannot guarantee the
replication of data across two data centers. This kind of situation can arise
when the cluster's CRUSH rule specifies that three copies are to be made, but
then a copy is placed in each data center with a ``min_size`` of 2. Under such
conditions, a placement group can become active with two copies in the first
data center and no copies in the second data center.
To enter stretch mode, you must set the location of each monitor, matching
your CRUSH map. For instance, to place ``mon.a`` in your first data center:
.. prompt:: bash $
Entering Stretch Mode
---------------------
ceph mon set_location a datacenter=site1
To enable stretch mode, you must set the location of each monitor, matching
your CRUSH map. This procedure shows how to do this.
Next, generate a CRUSH rule which will place 2 copies in each data center. This
will require editing the CRUSH map directly:
.. prompt:: bash $
#. Place ``mon.a`` in your first data center:
ceph osd getcrushmap > crush.map.bin
crushtool -d crush.map.bin -o crush.map.txt
.. prompt:: bash $
Now edit the ``crush.map.txt`` file to add a new rule. Here
there is only one other rule, so this is ID 1, but you may need
to use a different rule ID. We also have two datacenter buckets
named ``site1`` and ``site2``::
ceph mon set_location a datacenter=site1
rule stretch_rule {
id 1
type replicated
min_size 1
max_size 10
step take site1
step chooseleaf firstn 2 type host
step emit
step take site2
step chooseleaf firstn 2 type host
step emit
}
#. Generate a CRUSH rule that places two copies in each data center.
This requires editing the CRUSH map directly:
Finally, inject the CRUSH map to make the rule available to the cluster:
.. prompt:: bash $
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph osd getcrushmap > crush.map.bin
crushtool -d crush.map.bin -o crush.map.txt
crushtool -c crush.map.txt -o crush2.map.bin
ceph osd setcrushmap -i crush2.map.bin
#. Edit the ``crush.map.txt`` file to add a new rule. Here there is only one
other rule (``id 1``), but you might need to use a different rule ID. We
have two data-center buckets named ``site1`` and ``site2``:
If you aren't already running your monitors in connectivity mode, do so with
the instructions in `Changing Monitor Elections`_.
::
rule stretch_rule {
id 1
min_size 1
max_size 10
type replicated
step take site1
step chooseleaf firstn 2 type host
step emit
step take site2
step chooseleaf firstn 2 type host
step emit
}
#. Inject the CRUSH map to make the rule available to the cluster:
.. prompt:: bash $
crushtool -c crush.map.txt -o crush2.map.bin
ceph osd setcrushmap -i crush2.map.bin
#. Run the monitors in connectivity mode. See `Changing Monitor Elections`_.
#. Command the cluster to enter stretch mode. In this example, ``mon.e`` is the
tiebreaker monitor and we are splitting across data centers. The tiebreaker
monitor must be assigned a data center that is neither ``site1`` nor
``site2``. For this purpose you can create another data-center bucket named
``site3`` in your CRUSH and place ``mon.e`` there:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph mon set_location e datacenter=site3
ceph mon enable_stretch_mode e stretch_rule datacenter
When stretch mode is enabled, PGs will become active only when they peer
across data centers (or across whichever CRUSH bucket type was specified),
assuming both are alive. Pools will increase in size from the default ``3`` to
``4``, and two copies will be expected in each site. OSDs will be allowed to
connect to monitors only if they are in the same data center as the monitors.
New monitors will not be allowed to join the cluster if they do not specify a
location.
If all OSDs and monitors in one of the data centers become inaccessible at once,
the surviving data center enters a "degraded stretch mode". A warning will be
issued, the ``min_size`` will be reduced to ``1``, and the cluster will be
allowed to go active with the data in the single remaining site. The pool size
does not change, so warnings will be generated that report that the pools are
too small -- but a special stretch mode flag will prevent the OSDs from
creating extra copies in the remaining data center. This means that the data
center will keep only two copies, just as before.
When the missing data center comes back, the cluster will enter a "recovery
stretch mode". This changes the warning and allows peering, but requires OSDs
only from the data center that was ``up`` throughout the duration of the
downtime. When all PGs are in a known state, and are neither degraded nor
incomplete, the cluster transitions back to regular stretch mode, ends the
warning, restores ``min_size`` to its original value (``2``), requires both
sites to peer, and no longer requires the site that was up throughout the
duration of the downtime when peering (which makes failover to the other site
possible, if needed).
.. _Changing Monitor elections: ../change-mon-elections
And lastly, tell the cluster to enter stretch mode. Here, ``mon.e`` is the
tiebreaker and we are splitting across data centers. ``mon.e`` should be also
set a datacenter, that will differ from ``site1`` and ``site2``. For this
purpose you can create another datacenter bucket named ```site3`` in your
CRUSH and place ``mon.e`` there:
Limitations of Stretch Mode
===========================
When using stretch mode, OSDs must be located at exactly two sites.
.. prompt:: bash $
Two monitors should be run in each data center, plus a tiebreaker in a third
(or in the cloud) for a total of five monitors. While in stretch mode, OSDs
will connect only to monitors within the data center in which they are located.
OSDs *DO NOT* connect to the tiebreaker monitor.
ceph mon set_location e datacenter=site3
ceph mon enable_stretch_mode e stretch_rule datacenter
Erasure-coded pools cannot be used with stretch mode. Attempts to use erasure
coded pools with stretch mode will fail. Erasure coded pools cannot be created
while in stretch mode.
When stretch mode is enabled, the OSDs wlll only take PGs active when
they peer across data centers (or whatever other CRUSH bucket type
you specified), assuming both are alive. Pools will increase in size
from the default 3 to 4, expecting 2 copies in each site. OSDs will only
be allowed to connect to monitors in the same data center. New monitors
will not be allowed to join the cluster if they do not specify a location.
To use stretch mode, you will need to create a CRUSH rule that provides two
replicas in each data center. Ensure that there are four total replicas: two in
each data center. If pools exist in the cluster that do not have the default
``size`` or ``min_size``, Ceph will not enter stretch mode. An example of such
a CRUSH rule is given above.
If all the OSDs and monitors from a data center become inaccessible
at once, the surviving data center will enter a degraded stretch mode. This
will issue a warning, reduce the min_size to 1, and allow
the cluster to go active with data in the single remaining site. Note that
we do not change the pool size, so you will also get warnings that the
pools are too small -- but a special stretch mode flag will prevent the OSDs
from creating extra copies in the remaining data center (so it will only keep
2 copies, as before).
Because stretch mode runs with ``min_size`` set to ``1`` (or, more directly,
``min_size 1``), we recommend enabling stretch mode only when using OSDs on
SSDs (including NVMe OSDs). Hybrid HDD+SDD or HDD-only OSDs are not recommended
due to the long time it takes for them to recover after connectivity between
data centers has been restored. This reduces the potential for data loss.
When the missing data center comes back, the cluster will enter
recovery stretch mode. This changes the warning and allows peering, but
still only requires OSDs from the data center which was up the whole time.
When all PGs are in a known state, and are neither degraded nor incomplete,
the cluster transitions back to regular stretch mode, ends the warning,
restores min_size to its starting value (2) and requires both sites to peer,
and stops requiring the always-alive site when peering (so that you can fail
over to the other site, if necessary).
Stretch Mode Limitations
========================
As implied by the setup, stretch mode only handles 2 sites with OSDs.
While it is not enforced, you should run 2 monitors in each site plus
a tiebreaker, for a total of 5. This is because OSDs can only connect
to monitors in their own site when in stretch mode.
You cannot use erasure coded pools with stretch mode. If you try, it will
refuse, and it will not allow you to create EC pools once in stretch mode.
You must create your own CRUSH rule which provides 2 copies in each site, and
you must use 4 total copies with 2 in each site. If you have existing pools
with non-default size/min_size, Ceph will object when you attempt to
enable stretch mode.
Because it runs with ``min_size 1`` when degraded, you should only use stretch
mode with all-flash OSDs. This minimizes the time needed to recover once
connectivity is restored, and thus minimizes the potential for data loss.
Hopefully, future development will extend this feature to support EC pools and
running with more than 2 full sites.
In the future, stretch mode might support erasure-coded pools and might support
deployments that have more than two data centers.
Other commands
==============
If your tiebreaker monitor fails for some reason, you can replace it. Turn on
a new monitor and run:
Replacing a failed tiebreaker monitor
-------------------------------------
Turn on a new monitor and run the following command:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph mon set_new_tiebreaker mon.<new_mon_name>
This command will protest if the new monitor is in the same location as existing
non-tiebreaker monitors. This command WILL NOT remove the previous tiebreaker
monitor; you should do so yourself.
This command protests if the new monitor is in the same location as the
existing non-tiebreaker monitors. **This command WILL NOT remove the previous
tiebreaker monitor.** Remove the previous tiebreaker monitor yourself.
Also in 16.2.7, if you are writing your own tooling for deploying Ceph, you can use a new
``--set-crush-location`` option when booting monitors, instead of running
``ceph mon set_location``. This option accepts only a single "bucket=loc" pair, eg
``ceph-mon --set-crush-location 'datacenter=a'``, which must match the
bucket type you specified when running ``enable_stretch_mode``.
Using "--set-crush-location" and not "ceph mon set_location"
------------------------------------------------------------
If you write your own tooling for deploying Ceph, use the
``--set-crush-location`` option when booting monitors instead of running ``ceph
mon set_location``. This option accepts only a single ``bucket=loc`` pair (for
example, ``ceph-mon --set-crush-location 'datacenter=a'``), and that pair must
match the bucket type that was specified when running ``enable_stretch_mode``.
When in stretch degraded mode, the cluster will go into "recovery" mode automatically
when the disconnected data center comes back. If that doesn't work, or you want to
enable recovery mode early, you can invoke:
Forcing recovery stretch mode
-----------------------------
When in stretch degraded mode, the cluster will go into "recovery" mode
automatically when the disconnected data center comes back. If that does not
happen or you want to enable recovery mode early, run the following command:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph osd force_recovery_stretch_mode --yes-i-really-mean-it
But this command should not be necessary; it is included to deal with
unanticipated situations.
Forcing normal stretch mode
---------------------------
When in recovery mode, the cluster should go back into normal stretch mode
when the PGs are healthy. If this doesn't happen, or you want to force the
When in recovery mode, the cluster should go back into normal stretch mode when
the PGs are healthy. If this fails to happen or if you want to force the
cross-data-center peering early and are willing to risk data downtime (or have
verified separately that all the PGs can peer, even if they aren't fully
recovered), you can invoke:
recovered), run the following command:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph osd force_healthy_stretch_mode --yes-i-really-mean-it
This command should not be necessary; it is included to deal with
unanticipated situations. But you might wish to invoke it to remove
the ``HEALTH_WARN`` state which recovery mode generates.
This command can be used to to remove the ``HEALTH_WARN`` state, which recovery
mode generates.

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@ -337,45 +337,53 @@ Pool
A pool is a logical partition where users store data.
In Ceph deployments, it is common to create a pool as a logical partition for
similar types of data. For example, when deploying Ceph as a backend for
similar types of data. For example, when deploying Ceph as a back end for
OpenStack, a typical deployment would have pools for volumes, images, backups
and virtual machines, and users such as ``client.glance``, ``client.cinder``,
etc.
and virtual machines, and such users as ``client.glance`` and ``client.cinder``.
Application Tags
----------------
Access may be restricted to specific pools as defined by their application
metadata. The ``*`` wildcard may be used for the ``key`` argument, the
``value`` argument, or both. ``all`` is a synony for ``*``.
``value`` argument, or both. The ``all`` tag is a synonym for ``*``.
Namespace
---------
Objects within a pool can be associated to a namespace--a logical group of
Objects within a pool can be associated to a namespace: that is, to a logical group of
objects within the pool. A user's access to a pool can be associated with a
namespace such that reads and writes by the user take place only within the
namespace. Objects written to a namespace within the pool can only be accessed
namespace so that reads and writes by the user can take place only within the
namespace. Objects written to a namespace within the pool can be accessed only
by users who have access to the namespace.
.. note:: Namespaces are primarily useful for applications written on top of
``librados`` where the logical grouping can alleviate the need to create
different pools. Ceph Object Gateway (in releases beginning with
Luminous) uses namespaces for various
metadata objects.
``librados``. In such situations, the logical grouping provided by
namespaces can obviate the need to create different pools. In Luminous and
later releases, Ceph Object Gateway uses namespaces for various metadata
objects.
The rationale for namespaces is that pools can be a computationally expensive
method of segregating data sets for the purposes of authorizing separate sets
of users. For example, a pool should have ~100 placement groups per OSD. So an
exemplary cluster with 1000 OSDs would have 100,000 placement groups for one
pool. Each pool would create another 100,000 placement groups in the exemplary
cluster. By contrast, writing an object to a namespace simply associates the
namespace to the object name with out the computational overhead of a separate
pool. Rather than creating a separate pool for a user or set of users, you may
use a namespace. **Note:** Only available using ``librados`` at this time.
The rationale for namespaces is this: namespaces are relatively less
computationally expensive than pools, which (pools) can be a computationally
expensive method of segregating data sets between different authorized users.
Access may be restricted to specific RADOS namespaces using the ``namespace``
capability. Limited globbing of namespaces is supported; if the last character
For example, a pool ought to host approximately 100 placement-group replicas
per OSD. This means that a cluster with 1000 OSDs and three 3R replicated pools
would have (in a single pool) 100,000 placement-group replicas, and that means
that it has 33,333 Placement Groups.
By contrast, writing an object to a namespace simply associates the namespace
to the object name without incurring the computational overhead of a separate
pool. Instead of creating a separate pool for a user or set of users, you can
use a namespace.
.. note::
Namespaces are available only when using ``librados``.
Access may be restricted to specific RADOS namespaces by use of the ``namespace``
capability. Limited globbing of namespaces (that is, use of wildcards (``*``)) is supported: if the last character
of the specified namespace is ``*``, then access is granted to any namespace
starting with the provided argument.
@ -383,64 +391,60 @@ Managing Users
==============
User management functionality provides Ceph Storage Cluster administrators with
the ability to create, update and delete users directly in the Ceph Storage
the ability to create, update, and delete users directly in the Ceph Storage
Cluster.
When you create or delete users in the Ceph Storage Cluster, you may need to
distribute keys to clients so that they can be added to keyrings. See `Keyring
Management`_ for details.
When you create or delete users in the Ceph Storage Cluster, you might need to
distribute keys to clients so that they can be added to keyrings. For details, see `Keyring
Management`_.
List Users
----------
Listing Users
-------------
To list the users in your cluster, execute the following:
To list the users in your cluster, run the following command:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph auth ls
ceph auth ls
Ceph will list out all users in your cluster. For example, in a two-node
exemplary cluster, ``ceph auth ls`` will output something that looks like
this::
Ceph will list all users in your cluster. For example, in a two-node
cluster, ``ceph auth ls`` will provide an output that resembles the following::
installed auth entries:
installed auth entries:
osd.0
key: AQCvCbtToC6MDhAATtuT70Sl+DymPCfDSsyV4w==
caps: [mon] allow profile osd
caps: [osd] allow *
osd.1
key: AQC4CbtTCFJBChAAVq5spj0ff4eHZICxIOVZeA==
caps: [mon] allow profile osd
caps: [osd] allow *
client.admin
key: AQBHCbtT6APDHhAA5W00cBchwkQjh3dkKsyPjw==
caps: [mds] allow
caps: [mon] allow *
caps: [osd] allow *
client.bootstrap-mds
key: AQBICbtTOK9uGBAAdbe5zcIGHZL3T/u2g6EBww==
caps: [mon] allow profile bootstrap-mds
client.bootstrap-osd
key: AQBHCbtT4GxqORAADE5u7RkpCN/oo4e5W0uBtw==
caps: [mon] allow profile bootstrap-osd
osd.0
key: AQCvCbtToC6MDhAATtuT70Sl+DymPCfDSsyV4w==
caps: [mon] allow profile osd
caps: [osd] allow *
osd.1
key: AQC4CbtTCFJBChAAVq5spj0ff4eHZICxIOVZeA==
caps: [mon] allow profile osd
caps: [osd] allow *
client.admin
key: AQBHCbtT6APDHhAA5W00cBchwkQjh3dkKsyPjw==
caps: [mds] allow
caps: [mon] allow *
caps: [osd] allow *
client.bootstrap-mds
key: AQBICbtTOK9uGBAAdbe5zcIGHZL3T/u2g6EBww==
caps: [mon] allow profile bootstrap-mds
client.bootstrap-osd
key: AQBHCbtT4GxqORAADE5u7RkpCN/oo4e5W0uBtw==
caps: [mon] allow profile bootstrap-osd
Note that the ``TYPE.ID`` notation for users applies such that ``osd.0`` is a
user of type ``osd`` and its ID is ``0``, ``client.admin`` is a user of type
``client`` and its ID is ``admin`` (i.e., the default ``client.admin`` user).
Note also that each entry has a ``key: <value>`` entry, and one or more
Note that, according to the ``TYPE.ID`` notation for users, ``osd.0`` is a
user of type ``osd`` and an ID of ``0``, and ``client.admin`` is a user of type
``client`` and an ID of ``admin`` (that is, the default ``client.admin`` user).
Note too that each entry has a ``key: <value>`` entry, and also has one or more
``caps:`` entries.
You may use the ``-o {filename}`` option with ``ceph auth ls`` to
save the output to a file.
To save the output of ``ceph auth ls`` to a file, use the ``-o {filename}`` option.
Get a User
----------
Getting a User
--------------
To retrieve a specific user, key and capabilities, execute the
following:
To retrieve a specific user, key, and capabilities, run the following command:
.. prompt:: bash $
@ -452,8 +456,7 @@ For example:
ceph auth get client.admin
You may also use the ``-o {filename}`` option with ``ceph auth get`` to
save the output to a file. Developers may also execute the following:
To save the output of ``ceph auth get`` to a file, use the ``-o {filename}`` option. Developers may also run the following command:
.. prompt:: bash $
@ -461,42 +464,49 @@ save the output to a file. Developers may also execute the following:
The ``auth export`` command is identical to ``auth get``.
Add a User
----------
.. _rados_ops_adding_a_user:
Adding a user creates a username (i.e., ``TYPE.ID``), a secret key and
any capabilities included in the command you use to create the user.
Adding a User
-------------
A user's key enables the user to authenticate with the Ceph Storage Cluster.
Adding a user creates a user name (that is, ``TYPE.ID``), a secret key, and
any capabilities specified in the command that creates the user.
A user's key allows the user to authenticate with the Ceph Storage Cluster.
The user's capabilities authorize the user to read, write, or execute on Ceph
monitors (``mon``), Ceph OSDs (``osd``) or Ceph Metadata Servers (``mds``).
monitors (``mon``), Ceph OSDs (``osd``) or Ceph Metadata Servers (``mds``).
There are a few ways to add a user:
- ``ceph auth add``: This command is the canonical way to add a user. It
will create the user, generate a key and add any specified capabilities.
will create the user, generate a key, and add any specified capabilities.
- ``ceph auth get-or-create``: This command is often the most convenient way
to create a user, because it returns a keyfile format with the user name
(in brackets) and the key. If the user already exists, this command
simply returns the user name and key in the keyfile format. You may use the
``-o {filename}`` option to save the output to a file.
simply returns the user name and key in the keyfile format. To save the output to
a file, use the ``-o {filename}`` option.
- ``ceph auth get-or-create-key``: This command is a convenient way to create
a user and return the user's key (only). This is useful for clients that
need the key only (e.g., libvirt). If the user already exists, this command
simply returns the key. You may use the ``-o {filename}`` option to save the
output to a file.
a user and return the user's key and nothing else. This is useful for clients that
need only the key (for example, libvirt). If the user already exists, this command
simply returns the key. To save the output to
a file, use the ``-o {filename}`` option.
When creating client users, you may create a user with no capabilities. A user
It is possible, when creating client users, to create a user with no capabilities. A user
with no capabilities is useless beyond mere authentication, because the client
cannot retrieve the cluster map from the monitor. However, you can create a
user with no capabilities if you wish to defer adding capabilities later using
the ``ceph auth caps`` command.
cannot retrieve the cluster map from the monitor. However, you might want to create a user
with no capabilities and wait until later to add capabilities to the user by using the ``ceph auth caps`` comand.
A typical user has at least read capabilities on the Ceph monitor and
read and write capability on Ceph OSDs. Additionally, a user's OSD permissions
are often restricted to accessing a particular pool:
read and write capabilities on Ceph OSDs. A user's OSD permissions
are often restricted so that the user can access only one particular pool.
In the following example, the commands (1) add a client named ``john`` that has read capabilities on the Ceph monitor
and read and write capabilities on the pool named ``liverpool``, (2) authorize a client named ``paul`` to have read capabilities on the Ceph monitor and
read and write capabilities on the pool named ``liverpool``, (3) authorize a client named ``george`` to have read capabilities on the Ceph monitor and
read and write capabilities on the pool named ``liverpool`` and use the keyring named ``george.keyring`` to make this authorization, and (4) authorize
a client named ``ringo`` to have read capabilities on the Ceph monitor and read and write capabilities on the pool named ``liverpool`` and use the key
named ``ringo.key`` to make this authorization:
.. prompt:: bash $
@ -505,21 +515,19 @@ are often restricted to accessing a particular pool:
ceph auth get-or-create client.george mon 'allow r' osd 'allow rw pool=liverpool' -o george.keyring
ceph auth get-or-create-key client.ringo mon 'allow r' osd 'allow rw pool=liverpool' -o ringo.key
.. important:: If you provide a user with capabilities to OSDs, but you DO NOT
restrict access to particular pools, the user will have access to ALL
pools in the cluster!
.. important:: Any user that has capabilities on OSDs will have access to ALL pools in the cluster
unless that user's access has been restricted to a proper subset of the pools in the cluster.
.. _modify-user-capabilities:
Modify User Capabilities
------------------------
Modifying User Capabilities
---------------------------
The ``ceph auth caps`` command allows you to specify a user and change the
The ``ceph auth caps`` command allows you to specify a user and change that
user's capabilities. Setting new capabilities will overwrite current capabilities.
To view current capabilities run ``ceph auth get USERTYPE.USERID``. To add
capabilities, you should also specify the existing capabilities when using the form:
To view current capabilities, run ``ceph auth get USERTYPE.USERID``.
To add capabilities, run a command of the following form (and be sure to specify the existing capabilities):
.. prompt:: bash $
@ -534,10 +542,10 @@ For example:
ceph auth caps client.paul mon 'allow rw' osd 'allow rwx pool=liverpool'
ceph auth caps client.brian-manager mon 'allow *' osd 'allow *'
See `Authorization (Capabilities)`_ for additional details on capabilities.
For additional details on capabilities, see `Authorization (Capabilities)`_.
Delete a User
-------------
Deleting a User
---------------
To delete a user, use ``ceph auth del``:
@ -545,34 +553,34 @@ To delete a user, use ``ceph auth del``:
ceph auth del {TYPE}.{ID}
Where ``{TYPE}`` is one of ``client``, ``osd``, ``mon``, or ``mds``,
and ``{ID}`` is the user name or ID of the daemon.
Here ``{TYPE}`` is either ``client``, ``osd``, ``mon``, or ``mds``,
and ``{ID}`` is the user name or the ID of the daemon.
Print a User's Key
------------------
Printing a User's Key
---------------------
To print a user's authentication key to standard output, execute the following:
To print a user's authentication key to standard output, run the following command:
.. prompt:: bash $
ceph auth print-key {TYPE}.{ID}
Where ``{TYPE}`` is one of ``client``, ``osd``, ``mon``, or ``mds``,
and ``{ID}`` is the user name or ID of the daemon.
Here ``{TYPE}`` is either ``client``, ``osd``, ``mon``, or ``mds``,
and ``{ID}`` is the user name or the ID of the daemon.
Printing a user's key is useful when you need to populate client
software with a user's key (e.g., libvirt):
When it is necessary to populate client software with a user's key (as in the case of libvirt),
you can print the user's key by running the following command:
.. prompt:: bash $
mount -t ceph serverhost:/ mountpoint -o name=client.user,secret=`ceph auth print-key client.user`
Import a User(s)
Importing a User
----------------
To import one or more users, use ``ceph auth import`` and
specify a keyring:
specify a keyring as follows:
.. prompt:: bash $
@ -584,47 +592,49 @@ For example:
sudo ceph auth import -i /etc/ceph/ceph.keyring
.. note:: The Ceph storage cluster will add new users, their keys and their
capabilities and will update existing users, their keys and their
.. note:: The Ceph storage cluster will add new users, their keys, and their
capabilities and will update existing users, their keys, and their
capabilities.
Keyring Management
==================
When you access Ceph via a Ceph client, the Ceph client will look for a local
keyring. Ceph presets the ``keyring`` setting with the following four keyring
names by default so you don't have to set them in your Ceph configuration file
unless you want to override the defaults (not recommended):
keyring. Ceph presets the ``keyring`` setting with four keyring
names by default. For this reason, you do not have to set the keyring names in your Ceph configuration file
unless you want to override these defaults (which is not recommended). The four default keyring names are as follows:
- ``/etc/ceph/$cluster.$name.keyring``
- ``/etc/ceph/$cluster.keyring``
- ``/etc/ceph/keyring``
- ``/etc/ceph/keyring.bin``
The ``$cluster`` metavariable is your Ceph cluster name as defined by the
name of the Ceph configuration file (i.e., ``ceph.conf`` means the cluster name
is ``ceph``; thus, ``ceph.keyring``). The ``$name`` metavariable is the user
type and user ID (e.g., ``client.admin``; thus, ``ceph.client.admin.keyring``).
The ``$cluster`` metavariable found in the first two default keyring names above
is your Ceph cluster name as defined by the name of the Ceph configuration
file: for example, if the Ceph configuration file is named ``ceph.conf``,
then your Ceph cluster name is ``ceph`` and the second name above would be
``ceph.keyring``. The ``$name`` metavariable is the user type and user ID:
for example, given the user ``client.admin``, the first name above would be
``ceph.client.admin.keyring``.
.. note:: When executing commands that read or write to ``/etc/ceph``, you may
need to use ``sudo`` to execute the command as ``root``.
.. note:: When running commands that read or write to ``/etc/ceph``, you might
need to use ``sudo`` to run the command as ``root``.
After you create a user (e.g., ``client.ringo``), you must get the key and add
After you create a user (for example, ``client.ringo``), you must get the key and add
it to a keyring on a Ceph client so that the user can access the Ceph Storage
Cluster.
The `User Management`_ section details how to list, get, add, modify and delete
users directly in the Ceph Storage Cluster. However, Ceph also provides the
The `User Management`_ section details how to list, get, add, modify, and delete
users directly in the Ceph Storage Cluster. In addition, Ceph provides the
``ceph-authtool`` utility to allow you to manage keyrings from a Ceph client.
Create a Keyring
----------------
Creating a Keyring
------------------
When you use the procedures in the `Managing Users`_ section to create users,
you need to provide user keys to the Ceph client(s) so that the Ceph client
can retrieve the key for the specified user and authenticate with the Ceph
Storage Cluster. Ceph Clients access keyrings to lookup a user name and
you must provide user keys to the Ceph client(s). This is required so that the Ceph client(s)
can retrieve the key for the specified user and authenticate that user against the Ceph
Storage Cluster. Ceph clients access keyrings in order to look up a user name and
retrieve the user's key.
The ``ceph-authtool`` utility allows you to create a keyring. To create an
@ -635,45 +645,44 @@ empty keyring, use ``--create-keyring`` or ``-C``. For example:
ceph-authtool --create-keyring /path/to/keyring
When creating a keyring with multiple users, we recommend using the cluster name
(e.g., ``$cluster.keyring``) for the keyring filename and saving it in the
``/etc/ceph`` directory so that the ``keyring`` configuration default setting
will pick up the filename without requiring you to specify it in the local copy
of your Ceph configuration file. For example, create ``ceph.keyring`` by
executing the following:
(of the form ``$cluster.keyring``) for the keyring filename and saving the keyring in the
``/etc/ceph`` directory. By doing this, you ensure that the ``keyring`` configuration default setting
will pick up the filename without requiring you to specify the filename in the local copy
of your Ceph configuration file. For example, you can create ``ceph.keyring`` by
running the following command:
.. prompt:: bash $
sudo ceph-authtool -C /etc/ceph/ceph.keyring
When creating a keyring with a single user, we recommend using the cluster name,
the user type and the user name and saving it in the ``/etc/ceph`` directory.
For example, ``ceph.client.admin.keyring`` for the ``client.admin`` user.
the user type, and the user name, and saving the keyring in the ``/etc/ceph`` directory.
For example, we recommend that the ``client.admin`` user use ``ceph.client.admin.keyring``.
To create a keyring in ``/etc/ceph``, you must do so as ``root``. This means
the file will have ``rw`` permissions for the ``root`` user only, which is
that the file will have ``rw`` permissions for the ``root`` user only, which is
appropriate when the keyring contains administrator keys. However, if you
intend to use the keyring for a particular user or group of users, ensure
that you execute ``chown`` or ``chmod`` to establish appropriate keyring
intend to use the keyring for a particular user or group of users, be sure to use ``chown`` or ``chmod`` to establish appropriate keyring
ownership and access.
Add a User to a Keyring
-----------------------
Adding a User to a Keyring
--------------------------
When you `Add a User`_ to the Ceph Storage Cluster, you can use the `Get a
User`_ procedure to retrieve a user, key and capabilities and save the user to a
keyring.
When you :ref:`Add a user<rados_ops_adding_a_user>` to the Ceph Storage
Cluster, you can use the `Getting a User`_ procedure to retrieve a user, key,
and capabilities and then save the user to a keyring.
When you only want to use one user per keyring, the `Get a User`_ procedure with
If you want to use only one user per keyring, the `Getting a User`_ procedure with
the ``-o`` option will save the output in the keyring file format. For example,
to create a keyring for the ``client.admin`` user, execute the following:
to create a keyring for the ``client.admin`` user, run the following command:
.. prompt:: bash $
sudo ceph auth get client.admin -o /etc/ceph/ceph.client.admin.keyring
Notice that we use the recommended file format for an individual user.
Notice that the file format in this command is the file format conventionally used when manipulating the keyrings of individual users.
When you want to import users to a keyring, you can use ``ceph-authtool``
If you want to import users to a keyring, you can use ``ceph-authtool``
to specify the destination keyring and the source keyring.
For example:
@ -681,19 +690,19 @@ For example:
sudo ceph-authtool /etc/ceph/ceph.keyring --import-keyring /etc/ceph/ceph.client.admin.keyring
Create a User
-------------
Creating a User
---------------
Ceph provides the `Add a User`_ function to create a user directly in the Ceph
Storage Cluster. However, you can also create a user, keys and capabilities
directly on a Ceph client keyring. Then, you can import the user to the Ceph
Ceph provides the `Adding a User`_ function to create a user directly in the Ceph
Storage Cluster. However, you can also create a user, keys, and capabilities
directly on a Ceph client keyring, and then import the user to the Ceph
Storage Cluster. For example:
.. prompt:: bash $
sudo ceph-authtool -n client.ringo --cap osd 'allow rwx' --cap mon 'allow rwx' /etc/ceph/ceph.keyring
See `Authorization (Capabilities)`_ for additional details on capabilities.
For additional details on capabilities, see `Authorization (Capabilities)`_.
You can also create a keyring and add a new user to the keyring simultaneously.
For example:
@ -702,36 +711,37 @@ For example:
sudo ceph-authtool -C /etc/ceph/ceph.keyring -n client.ringo --cap osd 'allow rwx' --cap mon 'allow rwx' --gen-key
In the foregoing scenarios, the new user ``client.ringo`` is only in the
keyring. To add the new user to the Ceph Storage Cluster, you must still add
the new user to the Ceph Storage Cluster:
In the above examples, the new user ``client.ringo`` has been added only to the
keyring. The new user has not been added to the Ceph Storage Cluster.
To add the new user ``client.ringo`` to the Ceph Storage Cluster, run the following command:
.. prompt:: bash $
sudo ceph auth add client.ringo -i /etc/ceph/ceph.keyring
Modify a User
-------------
Modifying a User
----------------
To modify the capabilities of a user record in a keyring, specify the keyring,
and the user followed by the capabilities. For example:
To modify the capabilities of a user record in a keyring, specify the keyring
and the user, followed by the capabilities. For example:
.. prompt:: bash $
sudo ceph-authtool /etc/ceph/ceph.keyring -n client.ringo --cap osd 'allow rwx' --cap mon 'allow rwx'
To update the user to the Ceph Storage Cluster, you must update the user
in the keyring to the user entry in the Ceph Storage Cluster:
To update the user in the Ceph Storage Cluster, you must update the user
in the keyring to the user entry in the Ceph Storage Cluster. To do so, run the following command:
.. prompt:: bash $
sudo ceph auth import -i /etc/ceph/ceph.keyring
See `Import a User(s)`_ for details on updating a Ceph Storage Cluster user
from a keyring.
For details on updating a Ceph Storage Cluster user from a
keyring, see `Importing a User`_
You may also `Modify User Capabilities`_ directly in the cluster, store the
results to a keyring file; then, import the keyring into your main
You may also :ref:`Modify user capabilities<modify-user-capabilities>` directly in the cluster, store the
results to a keyring file, and then import the keyring into your main
``ceph.keyring`` file.
Command Line Usage
@ -741,12 +751,12 @@ Ceph supports the following usage for user name and secret:
``--id`` | ``--user``
:Description: Ceph identifies users with a type and an ID (e.g., ``TYPE.ID`` or
``client.admin``, ``client.user1``). The ``id``, ``name`` and
``-n`` options enable you to specify the ID portion of the user
name (e.g., ``admin``, ``user1``, ``foo``, etc.). You can specify
:Description: Ceph identifies users with a type and an ID: the form of this user identification is ``TYPE.ID``, and examples of the type and ID are
``client.admin`` and ``client.user1``. The ``id``, ``name`` and
``-n`` options allow you to specify the ID portion of the user
name (for example, ``admin``, ``user1``, ``foo``). You can specify
the user with the ``--id`` and omit the type. For example,
to specify user ``client.foo`` enter the following:
to specify user ``client.foo``, run the following commands:
.. prompt:: bash $
@ -756,10 +766,10 @@ Ceph supports the following usage for user name and secret:
``--name`` | ``-n``
:Description: Ceph identifies users with a type and an ID (e.g., ``TYPE.ID`` or
``client.admin``, ``client.user1``). The ``--name`` and ``-n``
options enables you to specify the fully qualified user name.
You must specify the user type (typically ``client``) with the
:Description: Ceph identifies users with a type and an ID: the form of this user identification is ``TYPE.ID``, and examples of the type and ID are
``client.admin`` and ``client.user1``. The ``--name`` and ``-n``
options allow you to specify the fully qualified user name.
You are required to specify the user type (typically ``client``) with the
user ID. For example:
.. prompt:: bash $
@ -770,8 +780,8 @@ Ceph supports the following usage for user name and secret:
``--keyring``
:Description: The path to the keyring containing one or more user name and
secret. The ``--secret`` option provides the same functionality,
:Description: The path to the keyring that contains one or more user names and
secrets. The ``--secret`` option provides the same functionality,
but it does not work with Ceph RADOS Gateway, which uses
``--secret`` for another purpose. You may retrieve a keyring with
``ceph auth get-or-create`` and store it locally. This is a
@ -788,43 +798,42 @@ Ceph supports the following usage for user name and secret:
Limitations
===========
The ``cephx`` protocol authenticates Ceph clients and servers to each other. It
The ``cephx`` protocol authenticates Ceph clients and servers to each other. It
is not intended to handle authentication of human users or application programs
run on their behalf. If that effect is required to handle your access control
needs, you must have another mechanism, which is likely to be specific to the
front end used to access the Ceph object store. This other mechanism has the
role of ensuring that only acceptable users and programs are able to run on the
machine that Ceph will permit to access its object store.
that are run on their behalf. If your access control
needs require that kind of authentication, you will need to have some other mechanism, which is likely to be specific to the
front end that is used to access the Ceph object store. This other mechanism would ensure that only acceptable users and programs are able to run on the
machine that Ceph permits to access its object store.
The keys used to authenticate Ceph clients and servers are typically stored in
a plain text file with appropriate permissions in a trusted host.
a plain text file on a trusted host. Appropriate permissions must be set on the plain text file.
.. important:: Storing keys in plaintext files has security shortcomings, but
they are difficult to avoid, given the basic authentication methods Ceph
uses in the background. Those setting up Ceph systems should be aware of
uses in the background. Anyone setting up Ceph systems should be aware of
these shortcomings.
In particular, arbitrary user machines, especially portable machines, should not
In particular, user machines, especially portable machines, should not
be configured to interact directly with Ceph, since that mode of use would
require the storage of a plaintext authentication key on an insecure machine.
Anyone who stole that machine or obtained surreptitious access to it could
obtain the key that will allow them to authenticate their own machines to Ceph.
Anyone who stole that machine or obtained access to it could
obtain a key that allows them to authenticate their own machines to Ceph.
Rather than permitting potentially insecure machines to access a Ceph object
store directly, users should be required to sign in to a trusted machine in
your environment using a method that provides sufficient security for your
purposes. That trusted machine will store the plaintext Ceph keys for the
human users. A future version of Ceph may address these particular
Instead of permitting potentially insecure machines to access a Ceph object
store directly, you should require users to sign in to a trusted machine in
your environment, using a method that provides sufficient security for your
purposes. That trusted machine will store the plaintext Ceph keys for the
human users. A future version of Ceph might address these particular
authentication issues more fully.
At the moment, none of the Ceph authentication protocols provide secrecy for
messages in transit. Thus, an eavesdropper on the wire can hear and understand
all data sent between clients and servers in Ceph, even if it cannot create or
alter them. Further, Ceph does not include options to encrypt user data in the
object store. Users can hand-encrypt and store their own data in the Ceph
object store, of course, but Ceph provides no features to perform object
encryption itself. Those storing sensitive data in Ceph should consider
encrypting their data before providing it to the Ceph system.
At present, none of the Ceph authentication protocols provide secrecy for
messages in transit. As a result, an eavesdropper on the wire can hear and understand
all data sent between clients and servers in Ceph, even if the eavesdropper cannot create or
alter the data. Similarly, Ceph does not include options to encrypt user data in the
object store. Users can, of course, hand-encrypt and store their own data in the Ceph
object store, but Ceph itself provides no features to perform object
encryption. Anyone storing sensitive data in Ceph should consider
encrypting their data before providing it to the Ceph system.
.. _Architecture - High Availability Authentication: ../../../architecture#high-availability-authentication

5
ceph/doc/radosgw/dynamicresharding.rst
View File

@ -36,8 +36,9 @@ resharding tasks, one at a time.
Multisite
=========
Dynamic resharding is not supported in a multisite environment.
Prior to the Reef release, RGW does not support dynamic resharding in a
multisite environment. For information on dynamic resharding, see
:ref:`Resharding <feature_resharding>` in the RGW multisite documentation.
Configuration
=============

17
ceph/doc/radosgw/multisite.rst
View File

@ -1130,7 +1130,7 @@ To view the configuration of a zonegroup, run this command:
.. prompt:: bash #
dosgw-admin zonegroup get [--rgw-zonegroup=<zonegroup>]
radosgw-admin zonegroup get [--rgw-zonegroup=<zonegroup>]
The zonegroup configuration looks like this:
@ -1582,14 +1582,23 @@ Supported Features
.. _feature_resharding:
resharding
Resharding
~~~~~~~~~~
Allows buckets to be resharded in a multisite configuration without interrupting the replication of their objects. When ``rgw_dynamic_resharding`` is enabled, it runs on each zone independently, and zones may choose different shard counts for the same bucket. When buckets are resharded manually with ``radosgw-admin bucket reshard``, only that zone's bucket is modified. A zone feature should only be marked as supported after all of its radosgws and osds have upgraded.
This feature allows buckets to be resharded in a multisite configuration
without interrupting the replication of their objects. When
``rgw_dynamic_resharding`` is enabled, it runs on each zone independently, and
zones may choose different shard counts for the same bucket. When buckets are
resharded manually with ``radosgw-admin bucket reshard``, only that zone's
bucket is modified. A zone feature should only be marked as supported after all
of its RGWs and OSDs have upgraded.
.. note:: Dynamic resharding is not supported in multisite deployments prior to
the Reef release.
Commands
-----------------
--------
Add support for a zone feature
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

3
ceph/doc/radosgw/notifications.rst
View File

@ -138,9 +138,6 @@ updating, use the name of an existing topic and different endpoint values).
.. tip:: Any notification already associated with the topic must be re-created
in order for the topic to update.
.. note:: For rabbitmq, ``push-endpoint`` (with a hyphen in the middle) must be
changed to ``push_endpoint`` (with an underscore in the middle).
::
POST

2
ceph/doc/start/documenting-ceph.rst
View File

@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
.. _documenting_ceph:
==================
Documenting Ceph
==================

5
ceph/doc/start/get-involved.rst
View File

@ -12,9 +12,10 @@ These are exciting times in the Ceph community! Get involved!
| **Blog** | Check the Ceph Blog_ periodically to keep track | http://ceph.com/community/blog/ |
| | of Ceph progress and important announcements. | |
+----------------------+-------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| **Planet Ceph** | Check the blog aggregation on Planet Ceph for | https://ceph.com/category/planet/ |
| **Planet Ceph** | Check the blog aggregation on Planet Ceph for | https://old.ceph.com/category/planet/ |
| | interesting stories, information and | |
| | experiences from the community. | |
| | experiences from the community. **NOTE: NO | |
| | longer updated as of 2023.** | |
+----------------------+-------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| **Wiki** | Check the Ceph Wiki is a source for more | http://wiki.ceph.com/ |
| | community and development related topics. You | |

26
ceph/doc/start/intro.rst
View File

@ -2,14 +2,24 @@
Intro to Ceph
===============
Whether you want to provide :term:`Ceph Object Storage` and/or
:term:`Ceph Block Device` services to :term:`Cloud Platforms`, deploy
a :term:`Ceph File System` or use Ceph for another purpose, all
:term:`Ceph Storage Cluster` deployments begin with setting up each
:term:`Ceph Node`, your network, and the Ceph Storage Cluster. A Ceph
Storage Cluster requires at least one Ceph Monitor, Ceph Manager, and
Ceph OSD (Object Storage Daemon). The Ceph Metadata Server is also
required when running Ceph File System clients.
Ceph can be used to provide :term:`Ceph Object Storage` to :term:`Cloud
Platforms` and Ceph can be used to provide :term:`Ceph Block Device` services
to :term:`Cloud Platforms`. Ceph can be used to deploy a :term:`Ceph File
System`. All :term:`Ceph Storage Cluster` deployments begin with setting up
each :term:`Ceph Node` and then setting up the network.
A Ceph Storage Cluster requires the following: at least one Ceph Monitor and at
least one Ceph Manager, and at least as many Ceph OSDs as there are copies of
an object stored on the Ceph cluster (for example, if three copies of a given
object are stored on the Ceph cluster, then at least three OSDs must exist in
that Ceph cluster).
The Ceph Metadata Server is necessary to run Ceph File System clients.
.. note::
It is a best practice to have a Ceph Manager for each Monitor, but it is not
necessary.
.. ditaa::

15
ceph/doc/start/os-recommendations.rst
View File

@ -18,19 +18,18 @@ Linux Kernel
maintenance" kernel series provided by either http://kernel.org or
your Linux distribution on any client hosts.
For RBD, if you choose to *track* long-term kernels, we currently recommend
4.x-based "longterm maintenance" kernel series or later:
- 4.19.z
- 4.14.z
- 5.x
For RBD, if you choose to *track* long-term kernels, we recommend
*at least* 4.19-based "longterm maintenance" kernel series. If you can
use a newer "stable" or "longterm maintenance" kernel series, do it.
For CephFS, see the section about `Mounting CephFS using Kernel Driver`_
for kernel version guidance.
Older kernel client versions may not support your `CRUSH tunables`_ profile
or other newer features of the Ceph cluster, requiring the storage cluster
to be configured with those features disabled.
or other newer features of the Ceph cluster, requiring the storage cluster to
be configured with those features disabled. For RBD, a kernel of version 5.3
or CentOS 8.2 is the minimum necessary for reasonable support for RBD image
features.
Platforms

106
ceph/install-deps.sh
View File

@ -178,45 +178,77 @@ function install_pkg_on_ubuntu {
fi
}
boost_ver=1.73
function clean_boost_on_ubuntu {
in_jenkins && echo "CI_DEBUG: Start clean_boost_on_ubuntu() in install-deps.sh"
# Find currently installed version. If there are multiple
# versions, they end up newline separated
local installed_ver=$(apt -qq list --installed ceph-libboost*-dev 2>/dev/null |
cut -d' ' -f2 |
cut -d'.' -f1,2 |
sort -u)
# If installed_ver contains whitespace, we can't really count on it,
# but otherwise, bail out if the version installed is the version
# we want.
if test -n "$installed_ver" &&
echo -n "$installed_ver" | tr '[:space:]' ' ' | grep -v -q ' '; then
if echo "$installed_ver" | grep -q "^$boost_ver"; then
return
fi
fi
# Historical packages
$SUDO rm -f /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ceph-libboost*.list
# Currently used
$SUDO rm -f /etc/apt/sources.list.d/libboost.list
# Refresh package list so things aren't in the available list.
$SUDO env DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get update -y || true
# Remove all ceph-libboost packages. We have an early return if
# the desired version is already (and the only) version installed,
# so no need to spare it.
if test -n "$installed_ver"; then
$SUDO env DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get -y --fix-missing remove "ceph-libboost*"
fi
}
function install_boost_on_ubuntu {
local ver=1.73
in_jenkins && echo "CI_DEBUG: Running install_boost_on_ubuntu() in install-deps.sh"
# Once we get to this point, clean_boost_on_ubuntu() should ensure
# that there is no more than one installed version.
local installed_ver=$(apt -qq list --installed ceph-libboost*-dev 2>/dev/null |
grep -e 'libboost[0-9].[0-9]\+-dev' |
cut -d' ' -f2 |
cut -d'.' -f1,2)
if test -n "$installed_ver"; then
if echo "$installed_ver" | grep -q "^$ver"; then
if echo "$installed_ver" | grep -q "^$boost_ver"; then
return
else
$SUDO env DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get -y remove "ceph-libboost.*${installed_ver}.*"
$SUDO rm -f /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ceph-libboost${installed_ver}.list
fi
fi
local codename=$1
local project=libboost
local sha1=7aba8a1882670522ee1d1ee1bba0ea170b292dec
install_pkg_on_ubuntu \
$project \
$sha1 \
$codename \
check \
ceph-libboost-atomic$ver-dev \
ceph-libboost-chrono$ver-dev \
ceph-libboost-container$ver-dev \
ceph-libboost-context$ver-dev \
ceph-libboost-coroutine$ver-dev \
ceph-libboost-date-time$ver-dev \
ceph-libboost-filesystem$ver-dev \
ceph-libboost-iostreams$ver-dev \
ceph-libboost-program-options$ver-dev \
ceph-libboost-python$ver-dev \
ceph-libboost-random$ver-dev \
ceph-libboost-regex$ver-dev \
ceph-libboost-system$ver-dev \
ceph-libboost-test$ver-dev \
ceph-libboost-thread$ver-dev \
ceph-libboost-timer$ver-dev
$project \
$sha1 \
$codename \
check \
ceph-libboost-atomic${boost_ver}-dev \
ceph-libboost-chrono${boost_ver}-dev \
ceph-libboost-container${boost_ver}-dev \
ceph-libboost-context${boost_ver}-dev \
ceph-libboost-coroutine${boost_ver}-dev \
ceph-libboost-date-time${boost_ver}-dev \
ceph-libboost-filesystem${boost_ver}-dev \
ceph-libboost-iostreams${boost_ver}-dev \
ceph-libboost-program-options${boost_ver}-dev \
ceph-libboost-python${boost_ver}-dev \
ceph-libboost-random${boost_ver}-dev \
ceph-libboost-regex${boost_ver}-dev \
ceph-libboost-system${boost_ver}-dev \
ceph-libboost-test${boost_ver}-dev \
ceph-libboost-thread${boost_ver}-dev \
ceph-libboost-timer${boost_ver}-dev
}
function install_libzbd_on_ubuntu {
@ -310,6 +342,9 @@ else
case "$ID" in
debian|ubuntu|devuan|elementary)
echo "Using apt-get to install dependencies"
# Put this before any other invocation of apt so it can clean
# up in a broken case.
clean_boost_on_ubuntu
$SUDO apt-get install -y devscripts equivs
$SUDO apt-get install -y dpkg-dev
ensure_python3_sphinx_on_ubuntu
@ -319,6 +354,27 @@ else
[ ! $NO_BOOST_PKGS ] && install_boost_on_ubuntu bionic
$with_zbd && install_libzbd_on_ubuntu bionic
;;
*Jammy*)
[ ! $NO_BOOST_PKGS ] && \
$SUDO env DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y \
libboost-atomic-dev \
libboost-chrono-dev \
libboost-container-dev \
libboost-context-dev \
libboost-coroutine-dev \
libboost-date-time-dev \
libboost-filesystem-dev \
libboost-iostreams-dev \
libboost-program-options-dev \
libboost-python-dev \
libboost-random-dev \
libboost-regex-dev \
libboost-system-dev \
libboost-test-dev \
libboost-thread-dev \
libboost-timer-dev \
gcc
;;
*)
$SUDO apt-get install -y gcc
;;

2
ceph/qa/rgw/ignore-pg-availability.yaml
View File

@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
# https://tracker.ceph.com/issues/45802
# https://tracker.ceph.com/issues/61168
overrides:
ceph:
log-ignorelist:
- \(PG_AVAILABILITY\)
- \(POOL_APP_NOT_ENABLED\)

1
ceph/qa/suites/fs/functional/tasks/alternate-pool.yaml
View File

@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
overrides:
ceph:
log-ignorelist:

3
ceph/qa/suites/fs/functional/tasks/client-recovery.yaml
View File

@ -8,6 +8,9 @@ overrides:
- slow request
- MDS_CLIENT_LATE_RELEASE
- t responding to mclientcaps
- Degraded data redundancy
- MDS_CLIENTS_LAGGY
- Reduced data availability
tasks:
- cephfs_test_runner:
fail_on_skip: false

0
ceph/qa/suites/fs/mirror-ha/cephfs-mirror/+ Normal file
View File

14
ceph/qa/suites/fs/mirror-ha/cephfs-mirror/1-volume-create-rm.yaml Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
meta:
- desc: create/rm volumes and set configs
tasks:
- exec:
mon.a:
- "ceph fs volume create dc"
- "ceph fs volume create dc-backup"
- full_sequential_finally:
- exec:
mon.a:
- ceph config set mon mon_allow_pool_delete true
- ceph fs volume rm dc --yes-i-really-mean-it
- ceph fs volume rm dc-backup --yes-i-really-mean-it

0
ceph/qa/suites/fs/mirror-ha/cephfs-mirror/three-per-cluster.yaml → ceph/qa/suites/fs/mirror-ha/cephfs-mirror/2-three-per-cluster.yaml
View File

4
ceph/qa/suites/fs/mirror-ha/workloads/cephfs-mirror-ha-workunit.yaml
View File

@ -8,10 +8,6 @@ overrides:
debug client: 10
tasks:
- exec:
client.1:
- "ceph fs volume create dc"
- "ceph fs volume create dc-backup"
- ceph-fuse:
client.1:
cephfs_name: dc

1
ceph/qa/suites/fs/multiclient/tasks/cephfs_misc_tests.yaml
View File

@ -11,3 +11,4 @@ overrides:
- has not responded to cap revoke by MDS for over
- MDS_CLIENT_LATE_RELEASE
- responding to mclientcaps
- RECENT_CRASH

4
ceph/qa/suites/fs/top/cluster/1-node.yaml
View File

@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
meta:
- desc: 1 ceph cluster with 1 mon, 1 mgr, 3 osds, 1 mds
- desc: 1 ceph cluster with 1 mon, 1 mgr, 3 osds, 2 mds, 2 clients
roles:
- - mon.a
- mgr.x
- mds.a
- mds.b
- osd.0
- osd.1
- osd.2
- client.0
- client.1

1
ceph/qa/suites/fs/volumes/tasks/volumes/test/basic.yaml
View File

@ -5,3 +5,4 @@ tasks:
- tasks.cephfs.test_volumes.TestVolumes
- tasks.cephfs.test_volumes.TestSubvolumeGroups
- tasks.cephfs.test_volumes.TestSubvolumes
- tasks.cephfs.test_subvolume.TestSubvolume

0
ceph/qa/suites/fs/workload/subvolume/$ Normal file
View File

0
ceph/qa/suites/fs/workload/subvolume/no-subvolume.yaml Normal file
View File

11
ceph/qa/suites/fs/workload/subvolume/with-namespace-isolated-and-quota.yaml Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
overrides:
ceph:
subvols:
create: 2
subvol_options: "--namespace-isolated --size 25000000000"
ceph-fuse:
client.0:
mount_subvol_num: 0
kclient:
client.0:
mount_subvol_num: 1

11
ceph/qa/suites/fs/workload/subvolume/with-namespace-isolated.yaml Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
overrides:
ceph:
subvols:
create: 2
subvol_options: "--namespace-isolated"
ceph-fuse:
client.0:
mount_subvol_num: 0
kclient:
client.0:
mount_subvol_num: 1

10
ceph/qa/suites/fs/workload/subvolume/with-no-extra-options.yaml Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
overrides:
ceph:
subvols:
create: 2
ceph-fuse:
client.0:
mount_subvol_num: 0
kclient:
client.0:
mount_subvol_num: 1

11
ceph/qa/suites/fs/workload/subvolume/with-quota.yaml Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
overrides:
ceph:
subvols:
create: 2
subvol_options: "--size 25000000000"
ceph-fuse:
client.0:
mount_subvol_num: 0
kclient:
client.0:
mount_subvol_num: 1

12
ceph/qa/suites/krbd/thrash/workloads/krbd_diff_continuous.yaml Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
overrides:
install:
ceph:
extra_system_packages:
- pv
tasks:
- workunit:
clients:
all:
- rbd/diff_continuous.sh
env:
RBD_DEVICE_TYPE: "krbd"

1
ceph/qa/suites/orch/cephadm/workunits/task/.qa Symbolic link
View File

@ -0,0 +1 @@
../.qa/

0
ceph/qa/suites/orch/cephadm/workunits/task/test_iscsi_container/+ Normal file
View File

1
ceph/qa/suites/orch/cephadm/workunits/task/test_iscsi_container/.qa Symbolic link
View File

@ -0,0 +1 @@
../.qa/

1
ceph/qa/suites/orch/cephadm/workunits/task/test_iscsi_container/centos_8.stream_container_tools.yaml Symbolic link
View File

@ -0,0 +1 @@
.qa/distros/podman/centos_8.stream_container_tools.yaml

1
ceph/qa/suites/orch/cephadm/workunits/task/test_iscsi_pids_limit.yaml → ceph/qa/suites/orch/cephadm/workunits/task/test_iscsi_container/test_iscsi_container.yaml
View File

@ -18,3 +18,4 @@ tasks:
clients:
client.0:
- cephadm/test_iscsi_pids_limit.sh
- cephadm/test_iscsi_etc_hosts.sh

1
ceph/qa/suites/rados/rook
View File

@ -1 +0,0 @@
../orch/rook

2
ceph/qa/suites/rados/singleton/all/thrash-backfill-full.yaml
View File

@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ override:
ceph:
conf:
mon:
osd default pool size: 3
osd pool default size: 3
osd min pg log entries: 5
osd max pg log entries: 10
tasks:

4
ceph/qa/suites/rados/singleton/all/thrash-eio.yaml
View File

@ -12,11 +12,11 @@ openstack:
- volumes: # attached to each instance
count: 3
size: 10 # GB
override:
overrides:
ceph:
conf:
mon:
osd default pool size: 3
osd pool default size: 3
tasks:
- install:
- ceph:

4
ceph/qa/suites/rados/verify/tasks/rados_api_tests.yaml
View File

@ -20,6 +20,10 @@ overrides:
debug monc: 20
mon:
mon warn on pool no app: false
osd:
osd class load list: "*"
osd class default list: "*"
osd client watch timeout: 120
tasks:
- workunit:
timeout: 6h

14
ceph/qa/suites/rbd/nbd/workloads/rbd_nbd_diff_continuous.yaml Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
overrides:
install:
ceph:
extra_packages:
- rbd-nbd
extra_system_packages:
- pv
tasks:
- workunit:
clients:
client.0:
- rbd/diff_continuous.sh
env:
RBD_DEVICE_TYPE: "nbd"

1
ceph/qa/suites/rbd/singleton/all/qemu-iotests-no-cache.yaml
View File

@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ tasks:
- qemu-kvm-block-rbd
deb:
- qemu-block-extra
- qemu-utils
- ceph:
fs: xfs
conf:

1
ceph/qa/suites/rbd/singleton/all/qemu-iotests-writearound.yaml
View File

@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ tasks:
- qemu-kvm-block-rbd
deb:
- qemu-block-extra
- qemu-utils
- ceph:
fs: xfs
conf:

1
ceph/qa/suites/rbd/singleton/all/qemu-iotests-writeback.yaml
View File

@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ tasks:
- qemu-kvm-block-rbd
deb:
- qemu-block-extra
- qemu-utils
- ceph:
fs: xfs
conf:

1
ceph/qa/suites/rbd/singleton/all/qemu-iotests-writethrough.yaml
View File

@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ tasks:
- qemu-kvm-block-rbd
deb:
- qemu-block-extra
- qemu-utils
- ceph:
fs: xfs
conf:

5
ceph/qa/suites/rgw/multisite/realms/three-zone-plus-pubsub.yaml → ceph/qa/suites/rgw/multisite/realms/three-zones.yaml
View File

@ -18,6 +18,5 @@ overrides:
endpoints: [c2.client.0]
- name: test-zone3
endpoints: [c1.client.1]
- name: test-zone4
endpoints: [c2.client.1]
is_pubsub: true
rgw-multisite-tests:
args: [tests.py]

5
ceph/qa/suites/rgw/verify/tasks/versioning.yaml Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
tasks:
- workunit:
clients:
client.0:
- rgw/run-versioning.sh

2
ceph/qa/suites/upgrade/octopus-x/parallel/workload/rados_api.yaml
View File

@ -9,4 +9,6 @@ workload:
clients:
client.0:
- cls
env:
CLS_RBD_GTEST_FILTER: '*:-TestClsRbd.mirror_snapshot'
- print: "**** done end rados_api.yaml"

2
ceph/qa/suites/upgrade/octopus-x/stress-split-no-cephadm/4-workload/rbd-cls.yaml
View File

@ -7,4 +7,6 @@ stress-tasks:
clients:
client.0:
- cls/test_cls_rbd.sh
env:
CLS_RBD_GTEST_FILTER: '*:-TestClsRbd.mirror_snapshot'
- print: "**** done cls/test_cls_rbd.sh 5-workload"

2
ceph/qa/suites/upgrade/octopus-x/stress-split/2-first-half-tasks/rbd-cls.yaml
View File

@ -7,4 +7,6 @@ first-half-tasks:
clients:
client.0:
- cls/test_cls_rbd.sh
env:
CLS_RBD_GTEST_FILTER: '*:-TestClsRbd.mirror_snapshot'
- print: "**** done cls/test_cls_rbd.sh 5-workload"

2
ceph/qa/suites/upgrade/octopus-x/stress-split/3-stress-tasks/rbd-cls.yaml
View File

@ -7,4 +7,6 @@ stress-tasks:
clients:
client.0:
- cls/test_cls_rbd.sh
env:
CLS_RBD_GTEST_FILTER: '*:-TestClsRbd.mirror_snapshot'
- print: "**** done cls/test_cls_rbd.sh 5-workload"

9
ceph/qa/tasks/ceph.py
View File

@ -262,6 +262,7 @@ def ceph_log(ctx, config):
run.wait(
ctx.cluster.run(
args=[
'time',
'sudo',
'find',
'/var/log/ceph',
@ -271,10 +272,15 @@ def ceph_log(ctx, config):
run.Raw('|'),
'sudo',
'xargs',
'--max-args=1',
'--max-procs=0',
'--verbose',
'-0',
'--no-run-if-empty',
'--',
'gzip',
'-5',
'--verbose',
'--',
],
wait=False,
@ -445,6 +451,9 @@ def cephfs_setup(ctx, config):
name = fs_config.pop('name')
temp = deepcopy(cephfs_config)
teuthology.deep_merge(temp, fs_config)
subvols = config.get('subvols', None)
if subvols:
teuthology.deep_merge(temp, {'subvols': subvols})
fs = Filesystem(ctx, fs_config=temp, name=name, create=True)
if set_allow_multifs:
fs.set_allow_multifs()

6
ceph/qa/tasks/ceph_deploy.py
View File

@ -524,6 +524,7 @@ def build_ceph_cluster(ctx, config):
run.wait(
ctx.cluster.run(
args=[
'time',
'sudo',
'find',
'/var/log/ceph',
@ -533,10 +534,15 @@ def build_ceph_cluster(ctx, config):
run.Raw('|'),
'sudo',
'xargs',
'--max-args=1',
'--max-procs=0',
'--verbose',
'-0',
'--no-run-if-empty',
'--',
'gzip',
'-5',
'--verbose',
'--',
],
wait=False,

14
ceph/qa/tasks/ceph_fuse.py
View File

@ -72,6 +72,20 @@ def task(ctx, config):
mount_timeout: 120 # default is 30, give up if /sys/ is not populated
- interactive:
Example that creates and mounts a subvol:
overrides:
ceph:
subvols:
create: 2
subvol_options: "--namespace-isolated --size 25000000000"
ceph-fuse:
client.0:
mount_subvol_num: 0
kclient:
client.1:
mount_subvol_num: 1
:param ctx: Context
:param config: Configuration
"""

7
ceph/qa/tasks/ceph_manager.py
View File

@ -3148,11 +3148,14 @@ class CephManager:
raise
self.log("quorum is size %d" % size)
def get_mon_health(self, debug=False):
def get_mon_health(self, debug=False, detail=False):
"""
Extract all the monitor health information.
"""
out = self.raw_cluster_cmd('health', '--format=json')
if detail:
out = self.raw_cluster_cmd('health', 'detail', '--format=json')
else:
out = self.raw_cluster_cmd('health', '--format=json')
if debug:
self.log('health:\n{h}'.format(h=out))
return json.loads(out)

35
ceph/qa/tasks/ceph_test_case.py
View File

@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ class CephTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
def assert_cluster_log(self, expected_pattern, invert_match=False,
timeout=10, watch_channel=None):
timeout=10, watch_channel=None, present=True):
"""
Context manager. Assert that during execution, or up to 5 seconds later,
the Ceph cluster log emits a message matching the expected pattern.
@ -102,6 +102,8 @@ class CephTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
:param watch_channel: Specifies the channel to be watched. This can be
'cluster', 'audit', ...
:type watch_channel: str
:param present: Assert the log entry is present (default: True) or not (False).
:type present: bool
"""
ceph_manager = self.ceph_cluster.mon_manager
@ -118,10 +120,13 @@ class CephTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
self.watcher_process = ceph_manager.run_ceph_w(watch_channel)
def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
fail = False
if not self.watcher_process.finished:
# Check if we got an early match, wait a bit if we didn't
if self.match():
if present and self.match():
return
elif not present and self.match():
fail = True
else:
log.debug("No log hits yet, waiting...")
# Default monc tick interval is 10s, so wait that long and
@ -134,18 +139,23 @@ class CephTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
except CommandFailedError:
pass
if not self.match():
log.error("Log output: \n{0}\n".format(self.watcher_process.stdout.getvalue()))
raise AssertionError("Expected log message not found: '{0}'".format(expected_pattern))
if present and not self.match():
log.error(f"Log output: \n{self.watcher_process.stdout.getvalue()}\n")
raise AssertionError(f"Expected log message found: '{expected_pattern}'")
elif fail or (not present and self.match()):
log.error(f"Log output: \n{self.watcher_process.stdout.getvalue()}\n")
raise AssertionError(f"Unexpected log message found: '{expected_pattern}'")
return ContextManager()
def wait_for_health(self, pattern, timeout):
def wait_for_health(self, pattern, timeout, check_in_detail=None):
"""
Wait until 'ceph health' contains messages matching the pattern
Also check if @check_in_detail matches detailed health messages
only when @pattern is a code string.
"""
def seen_health_warning():
health = self.ceph_cluster.mon_manager.get_mon_health()
health = self.ceph_cluster.mon_manager.get_mon_health(debug=False, detail=bool(check_in_detail))
codes = [s for s in health['checks']]
summary_strings = [s[1]['summary']['message'] for s in health['checks'].items()]
if len(summary_strings) == 0:
@ -156,7 +166,16 @@ class CephTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
if pattern in ss:
return True
if pattern in codes:
return True
if not check_in_detail:
return True
# check if the string is in detail list if asked
detail_strings = [ss['message'] for ss in \
[s for s in health['checks'][pattern]['detail']]]
log.debug(f'detail_strings: {detail_strings}')
for ds in detail_strings:
if check_in_detail in ds:
return True
log.debug(f'detail string "{check_in_detail}" not found')
log.debug("Not found expected summary strings yet ({0})".format(summary_strings))
return False

7
ceph/qa/tasks/cephadm.py
View File

@ -257,6 +257,7 @@ def ceph_log(ctx, config):
run.wait(
ctx.cluster.run(
args=[
'time',
'sudo',
'find',
'/var/log/ceph', # all logs, not just for the cluster
@ -267,10 +268,15 @@ def ceph_log(ctx, config):
run.Raw('|'),
'sudo',
'xargs',
'--max-args=1',
'--max-procs=0',
'--verbose',
'-0',
'--no-run-if-empty',
'--',
'gzip',
'-5',
'--verbose',
'--',
],
wait=False,
@ -818,7 +824,6 @@ def ceph_mdss(ctx, config):
yield
@contextlib.contextmanager
def ceph_monitoring(daemon_type, ctx, config):
"""

2
ceph/qa/tasks/cephfs/cephfs_test_case.py
View File

@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ class CephFSTestCase(CephTestCase):
# In case some test messed with auth caps, reset them
for client_id in client_mount_ids:
cmd = ['auth', 'caps', f'client.{client_id}', 'mon','allow r',
'osd', f'allow rw pool={self.fs.get_data_pool_name()}',
'osd', f'allow rw tag cephfs data={self.fs.name}',
'mds', 'allow']
if self.run_cluster_cmd_result(cmd) == 0:

38
ceph/qa/tasks/cephfs/filesystem.py
View File

@ -369,6 +369,9 @@ class MDSCluster(CephCluster):
"""
self.mds_daemons[mds_id].signal(sig, silent);
def mds_is_running(self, mds_id):
return self.mds_daemons[mds_id].running()
def newfs(self, name='cephfs', create=True):
return Filesystem(self._ctx, name=name, create=create)
@ -748,6 +751,7 @@ class Filesystem(MDSCluster):
raise
if self.fs_config is not None:
log.debug(f"fs_config: {self.fs_config}")
max_mds = self.fs_config.get('max_mds', 1)
if max_mds > 1:
self.set_max_mds(max_mds)
@ -760,6 +764,34 @@ class Filesystem(MDSCluster):
if session_timeout != 60:
self.set_session_timeout(session_timeout)
if self.fs_config.get('subvols', None) is not None:
log.debug(f"Creating {self.fs_config.get('subvols')} subvols "
f"for filesystem '{self.name}'")
if not hasattr(self._ctx, "created_subvols"):
self._ctx.created_subvols = dict()
subvols = self.fs_config.get('subvols')
assert(isinstance(subvols, dict))
assert(isinstance(subvols['create'], int))
assert(subvols['create'] > 0)
for sv in range(0, subvols['create']):
sv_name = f'sv_{sv}'
self.mon_manager.raw_cluster_cmd(
'fs', 'subvolume', 'create', self.name, sv_name,
self.fs_config.get('subvol_options', ''))
if self.name not in self._ctx.created_subvols:
self._ctx.created_subvols[self.name] = []
subvol_path = self.mon_manager.raw_cluster_cmd(
'fs', 'subvolume', 'getpath', self.name, sv_name)
subvol_path = subvol_path.strip()
self._ctx.created_subvols[self.name].append(subvol_path)
else:
log.debug(f"Not Creating any subvols for filesystem '{self.name}'")
self.getinfo(refresh = True)
# wait pgs to be clean
@ -1090,6 +1122,10 @@ class Filesystem(MDSCluster):
def rank_fail(self, rank=0):
self.mon_manager.raw_cluster_cmd("mds", "fail", "{}:{}".format(self.id, rank))
def rank_is_running(self, rank=0, status=None):
name = self.get_rank(rank=rank, status=status)['name']
return self.mds_is_running(name)
def get_ranks(self, status=None):
if status is None:
status = self.getinfo()
@ -1537,7 +1573,7 @@ class Filesystem(MDSCluster):
if quiet:
base_args = [os.path.join(self._prefix, tool), '--debug-mds=1', '--debug-objecter=1']
else:
base_args = [os.path.join(self._prefix, tool), '--debug-mds=4', '--debug-objecter=1']
base_args = [os.path.join(self._prefix, tool), '--debug-mds=20', '--debug-ms=1', '--debug-objecter=1']
if rank is not None:
base_args.extend(["--rank", "%s" % str(rank)])

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