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PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/38475 Reviewed-By: Trivikram Kamat <trivikr.dev@gmail.com> Reviewed-By: Luigi Pinca <luigipinca@gmail.com> Reviewed-By: Richard Lau <rlau@redhat.com>
315 lines
11 KiB
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315 lines
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npm command-line interface
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<section id="content">
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<header class="title">
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<h1 id="npm-run-script">npm-run-script</h1>
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<span class="description">Run arbitrary package scripts</span>
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</header>
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<section id="table_of_contents">
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<h2 id="table-of-contents">Table of contents</h2>
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<div id="_table_of_contents"><ul><li><a href="#synopsis">Synopsis</a></li><li><a href="#description">Description</a></li><li><a href="#workspaces-support">Workspaces support</a></li><ul><li><a href="#filtering-workspaces">Filtering workspaces</a></li></ul><li><a href="#configuration">Configuration</a></li><ul><li><a href="#if-present">if-present</a></li><li><a href="#ignore-scripts">ignore-scripts</a></li><li><a href="#script-shell">script-shell</a></li><li><a href="#silent">silent</a></li><li><a href="#workspace">workspace</a></li><li><a href="#workspaces">workspaces</a></li></ul><li><a href="#see-also">See Also</a></li></ul></div>
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</section>
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<div id="_content"><h3 id="synopsis">Synopsis</h3>
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<pre lang="bash"><code>npm run-script <command> [--if-present] [--silent] [-- <args>]
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npm run-script <command> [--workspace=<workspace-name>]
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npm run-script <command> [--workspaces]
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aliases: run, rum, urn
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</code></pre>
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<h3 id="description">Description</h3>
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<p>This runs an arbitrary command from a package’s <code>"scripts"</code> object. If no
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<code>"command"</code> is provided, it will list the available scripts.</p>
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<p><code>run[-script]</code> is used by the test, start, restart, and stop commands, but
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can be called directly, as well. When the scripts in the package are
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printed out, they’re separated into lifecycle (test, start, restart) and
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directly-run scripts.</p>
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<p>Any positional arguments are passed to the specified script. Use <code>--</code> to
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pass <code>-</code>-prefixed flags and options which would otherwise be parsed by npm.</p>
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<p>For example:</p>
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<pre lang="bash"><code>npm run test -- --grep="pattern"
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</code></pre>
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<p>The arguments will only be passed to the script specified after <code>npm run</code>
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and not to any <code>pre</code> or <code>post</code> script.</p>
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<p>The <code>env</code> script is a special built-in command that can be used to list
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environment variables that will be available to the script at runtime. If an
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“env” command is defined in your package, it will take precedence over the
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built-in.</p>
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<p>In addition to the shell’s pre-existing <code>PATH</code>, <code>npm run</code> adds
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<code>node_modules/.bin</code> to the <code>PATH</code> provided to scripts. Any binaries
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provided by locally-installed dependencies can be used without the
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<code>node_modules/.bin</code> prefix. For example, if there is a <code>devDependency</code> on
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<code>tap</code> in your package, you should write:</p>
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<pre lang="bash"><code>"scripts": {"test": "tap test/*.js"}
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</code></pre>
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<p>instead of</p>
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<pre lang="bash"><code>"scripts": {"test": "node_modules/.bin/tap test/*.js"}
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</code></pre>
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<p>The actual shell your script is run within is platform dependent. By default,
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on Unix-like systems it is the <code>/bin/sh</code> command, on Windows it is
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<code>cmd.exe</code>.
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The actual shell referred to by <code>/bin/sh</code> also depends on the system.
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You can customize the shell with the <code>script-shell</code> configuration.</p>
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<p>Scripts are run from the root of the package folder, regardless of what the
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current working directory is when <code>npm run</code> is called. If you want your
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script to use different behavior based on what subdirectory you’re in, you
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can use the <code>INIT_CWD</code> environment variable, which holds the full path you
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were in when you ran <code>npm run</code>.</p>
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<p><code>npm run</code> sets the <code>NODE</code> environment variable to the <code>node</code> executable
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with which <code>npm</code> is executed. Also, if the <code>--scripts-prepend-node-path</code> is
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passed, the directory within which <code>node</code> resides is added to the <code>PATH</code>.
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If <code>--scripts-prepend-node-path=auto</code> is passed (which has been the default
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in <code>npm</code> v3), this is only performed when that <code>node</code> executable is not
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found in the <code>PATH</code>.</p>
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<p>If you try to run a script without having a <code>node_modules</code> directory and it
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fails, you will be given a warning to run <code>npm install</code>, just in case you’ve
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forgotten.</p>
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<h3 id="workspaces-support">Workspaces support</h3>
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<p>You may use the <code>workspace</code> or <code>workspaces</code> configs in order to run an
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arbitrary command from a package’s <code>"scripts"</code> object in the context of the
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specified workspaces. If no <code>"command"</code> is provided, it will list the available
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scripts for each of these configured workspaces.</p>
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<p>Given a project with configured workspaces, e.g:</p>
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<pre><code>.
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+-- package.json
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`-- packages
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+-- a
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| `-- package.json
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+-- b
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| `-- package.json
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`-- c
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`-- package.json
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</code></pre>
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<p>Assuming the workspace configuration is properly set up at the root level
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<code>package.json</code> file. e.g:</p>
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<pre><code>{
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"workspaces": [ "./packages/*" ]
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}
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</code></pre>
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<p>And that each of the configured workspaces has a configured <code>test</code> script,
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we can run tests in all of them using the <code>workspaces</code> config:</p>
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<pre><code>npm test --workspaces
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</code></pre>
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<h4 id="filtering-workspaces">Filtering workspaces</h4>
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<p>It’s also possible to run a script in a single workspace using the <code>workspace</code>
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config along with a name or directory path:</p>
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<pre><code>npm test --workspace=a
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</code></pre>
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<p>The <code>workspace</code> config can also be specified multiple times in order to run a
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specific script in the context of multiple workspaces. When defining values for
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the <code>workspace</code> config in the command line, it also possible to use <code>-w</code> as a
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shorthand, e.g:</p>
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<pre><code>npm test -w a -w b
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</code></pre>
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<p>This last command will run <code>test</code> in both <code>./packages/a</code> and <code>./packages/b</code>
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packages.</p>
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<h3 id="configuration">Configuration</h3>
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<h4 id="if-present">if-present</h4>
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<ul>
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<li>Type: Boolean</li>
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<li>Default: false</li>
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</ul>
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<p>You can use the <code>--if-present</code> flag to avoid exiting with a non-zero exit code
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when the script is undefined. This lets you run potentially undefined scripts
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without breaking the execution chain.</p>
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<h4 id="ignore-scripts">ignore-scripts</h4>
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<ul>
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<li>Type: Boolean</li>
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<li>Default: false</li>
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</ul>
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<p>Skips running <code>pre</code> and <code>post</code> scripts.</p>
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<h4 id="script-shell">script-shell</h4>
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<ul>
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<li>Type: String</li>
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<li>Default: <code>null</code></li>
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</ul>
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<p>Optional custom script to use to execute the command. If not defined defaults
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to <code>/bin/sh</code> on Unix, defaults to <code>env.comspec</code> or <code>cmd.exe</code> on Windows.</p>
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<h4 id="silent">silent</h4>
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<ul>
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<li>Type: Boolean</li>
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<li>Default: false</li>
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</ul>
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<p>You can use the <code>--silent</code> flag to prevent showing <code>npm ERR!</code> output on error.</p>
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<h4 id="workspace">workspace</h4>
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<ul>
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<li>Alias: <code>-w</code></li>
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<li>Type: Array</li>
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<li>Default: <code>[]</code></li>
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</ul>
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<p>Enable running scripts in the context of workspaces while also filtering by
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the provided names or paths provided.</p>
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<p>Valid values for the <code>workspace</code> config are either:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>Workspace names</li>
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<li>Path to a workspace directory</li>
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<li>Path to a parent workspace directory (will result to selecting all of the
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children workspaces)</li>
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</ul>
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<h4 id="workspaces">workspaces</h4>
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<ul>
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<li>Alias: <code>--ws</code></li>
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<li>Type: Boolean</li>
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<li>Default: <code>false</code></li>
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</ul>
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<p>Run scripts in the context of all configured workspaces for the current
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project.</p>
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<h3 id="see-also">See Also</h3>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="../using-npm/scripts.html">npm scripts</a></li>
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<li><a href="../commands/npm-test.html">npm test</a></li>
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<li><a href="../commands/npm-start.html">npm start</a></li>
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<li><a href="../commands/npm-restart.html">npm restart</a></li>
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<li><a href="../commands/npm-stop.html">npm stop</a></li>
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<li><a href="../commands/npm-config.html">npm config</a></li>
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<li><a href="../using-npm/workspaces.html">npm workspaces</a></li>
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</ul>
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